Dr Bitega (B) arasubiza ibibazo bya Simon Kamuzinzi (K) umunyamakuru wa Kigali Today.

Uko gusiramura mu buryo bwa Prepex bigenda

K: Mwadusobanurira ubu buryo bushya bwo gusiramura!

B: Prepex ni agapira kameze nk’impeta bambika igitsina cy’umugabo, bakagashyira aho uruhu rw’igitsina rwagenewe gukebwa rutangirira, mu rwego rwo kugirango gahagarike amaraso gutemebera muri urwo ruhu.

Iyo amaraso atajyamo, rwa ruhu rurapfa (ruruma).Nyuma y’iminsi irindwi umuntu bashyizeho Prepex agaruka kwa muganga bakamukuriraho ka gapira ndetse na rwa ruhu ruba rwamaze kuma; ubwo akaba arasiramuwe.

K: Ubwo se umuntu ntababara cyane?

B: Uretse ububabare buke cyane butarenza amasaha abiri nyuma yo gushyirwaho agapira, ubundi inyigo igaragaza ko gusiramurwa mu buryo busanzwe bitera ububabare bwikubye inshuro eshanu ugereranyije no gukoresha Prepex.

Prepex bamara kuyigushyiraho ukambara impantaro ugasubira mu mirimo yawe, mu gihe uwasiramuwe mu buryo busanzwe amara ibyumweru aryamye mu nzu, kandi yambara ibintu bitamutoneka.

K: Ni irihe tandukaniro hagati y’igitsina cyasiramuwe mu buryo busanzwe n’icyasiramuwe na Prepex?

B: Nk’uko ubona iyi photo y’igitsina cyasiramuwe na Prepex, nta ruhu rwagisigayeho, ndetse nta n’imiterere mibi gifite bitewe n’uko nta ndodo zigeze zijyaho, nk’uko biba bimeze ku basiramuwe mu buryo busanzwe.

Impamvu yo gutangiza gahunda ya Prepex mu Rwanda

K: Kuki umuntu agomba gusiramurwa, kandi agasiramurwa hakoreshejwe Prepex?

B: Inyigo yakozwe n’abahanga mu by’ubuzima bw’imyororokere ndetse na Ministeri y’ubuzima mu Rwanda ubwayo, igaragaza ko umuntu usiramuwe agira amahirwe arenga 60% yo kutandura SIDA n’izindi ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina; mu gihe yaba aryamanye n’ufite ubwandu.

Ku kijyanye n’impamvu yo gusiramurwa na Prepex, mu mwaka w’2009 Ministeri y’ubuzima yahaye inshingano ibitaro bya Gisirikare bya Kanombe, zo gukora inyigo yafasha abantu kwitabira gusiramurwa mu buryo buboroheye, bugira vuba kandi bugatanga umusaruro mwinshi.

Inyigo imaze kurangira byagaragaye ko umuntu ashyirwaho agapira ka Prepex mu gihe kitarenga iminota itatu gusa, agarutse na none akagakurwaho mu gihe kitarenga iminota itatu gusa; mu gihe gusiramurwa mu buryo busanzwe bitwara iminota itari munsi ya 25.

Ngira ngo nawe urumva ko umubare w’abantu bashobora gusiramurwa na Prepex waba munini cyane ku munsi. Ubu buryo kandi ntibutuma umuntu ajyanwa mu cyumba cy’ibagiro, nta ndodo zikoreshwa, abasiramura ni abaforomo, ntibisaba ba dogiteri kuko ntabo dufite benshi mu Rwanda, ndetse nta n’ibinya usiramurwa abanza guterwa.

Ingaruka ku mibereho no ku bukungu u Rwanda rwiteze ku gikorwa cyo gusiramurwa na Prepex

B: Icya mbere ni uko wumvise ko dushobora gusiramura abantu benshi cyane mu gihe gito, bitadusabye amikoro ahambaye. Ibi rero biratugaragariza ko mu gihe inkunga itangwa na “Global Fund” izaba ihagaritswe, bitewe n’ikibazo cy’ubukungu cyugarije ibihugu bidutera inkunga, nta ngaruka zikomeye cyane tuzagira.

Byongeye kandi nakubwira ko Abanyarwanda bafata imiti igabanya ubukana bwa SIDA bagera ku bihumbi 90 mu gihugu. Twakwishimira rero ko ayo ma miliyoni duhabwa n’abaterankunga aramutse ahagaritswe twaba tudafite umutwaro ukomeye cyane w’abababana n’ubwandu.

Ikindi kandi uzi ko gupfusha bibabaza cyane. Kuba rero umuntu ashobora gukorana imibonano mpuzabitsina n’umuntu ufite ubwandu bwa SIDA, ntashobore kwandura ni amahirwe cyane.

Muri iki gihe u Rwanda rufite impfubyi n’abapfakazi benshi barimo aba SIDA, ku buryo gahunda ya Prepex iramutse yitabiriwe twava ku kigero cya 3% by’abantu bafite ubwandu mu Rwanda, tukagera byibuze kuri 1%.

K: Haba hari inyigo igaragaza umubare w’abantu badasiramuye mu Rwanda?

B: Inyigo ya Ministeri y’ubuzima ivuga ko hagati ya 85% na 90% by’abagabo cyangwa abahungu bose bo mu Rwanda badasiramuwe.

K: Mugeze ku mubare ungana ute w’abantu bamaze gusiramurwa hakoreshejwe Prepex?

B: Muri iki gihe turimo guhugura abakozi, abitabiriye gusiramurwa bamaze kugera ku 2300, kuva turangije inyigo yo gusiramura hakoreshejwe Prepex.

Mu kwezi kwa munani k’uyu mwaka konyine tuzasiramura abagera ku bihumbi 10, mu gihe mu buryo busanzwe mu Rwanda hose twari tumaze gusiramura abangana n’uwo mubare mu gihe cy’amezi 18 yose.Urumva nawe inyungu tuzagira.

Intego Ministeri y’ubuzima ifite ni uko mu myaka ibiri iri imbere, abagera kuri miriyoni ebyiri bazaba basiramuwe. Mu myaka izakurikiraho haratekerezwa ko umwana uzajya avuka, azajya akebwa urureri, ahita anasiramurwa.
Impungenge

K: Ko u Rwanda ari cyo gihugu cya mbere ku isi (nk’uko wabivuze) gikoresheje iyi gahunda yo gusiramurwa na Prepex, ese mwiteguye mute guhangana n’ingaruka tuzagira?

B: Nta mpungenge na nkeya tugomba kugira. Icya mbere ni uko tutagomba gutinya ibyo abandi batarakora, kuko tubigenje gutyo tudashobora gutera imbere.

Inyigo yarakozwe irambuye kandi yemezwa n’inzego zitandukanye za Leta n’iz’igenga zigize itsinda ryitwa Rwanda National Ethical Committee.

Byongeyeho ndetse, iyi nyigo twayifatanyije n’ikigo cya Amerika gitsura ubuziranenge bw’ibiribwa n’imiti cyitwa FDA, kikaba cyaraduhaye uburenganzira bwo gusiramura hakoreshejwe Prepex.

Ubu nakubwira ko icyemezo tuzahabwa n’ishami ry’umuryango w’abibumbye rishinzwe ubuzima (WHO), turimo kugikozaho imitwe y’intoki.

Umusozo

Dr Bitega avuga ko gusiramura hakoreshejwe Prepex bitazaba impamvu yo kwirinda SIDA no guhangana n’ikibazo cy’ubukungu gusa bitewe n’igabanuka ry’inkunga, ahubwo ko Abanyarwanda bagiye kubona imirimo ari benshi.

Avuga ko mu gihe abaforomo bafite diporome za A2, ndetse n’abapolisi n’abasirikare bazaba bahuguwe, bazajya gusiramura hirya no hino mu gihugu no hanze yacyo.

Ubu ibihugu bimaze kwemeza ko bizahugurwa n’Abanyarwanda kuri gahunda yo gusiramurwa na Prepex ni Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Uganda, hakaba n’ibindi birimo kuza kubaza iby’icyo gikorwa.

Simon Kamuzinzi