2015: Ibiciro byarazamutse ariko ubukungu ntibwahungabana

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Simon Kamuzinzi

23-12-2015 - 13:12' | Ibitekerezo ( )

Umwaka wa 2015 urangiye habaye impinduka zijyanye n’ubukungu mu Rwanda, ariko impuguke zekemeza ko hari icyizere ko butazahungabana cyane.

Twasesenguye bimwe mu byaranze ubukungu bw’u Rwanda muri uyu mwaka, bijyanye n’izamuka ry’ubukungu, agaciro k’ifaranga, ibiciro by’ibiribwa by’ibanze, ingengo y’imari y’igihugu n’aho izava n’icyo Leta yiteze ku baturage.

Ibiciri by'ibiribwa byagiye bizamuka muri uno mwaka.

Izamuka ry’ubukungu bw’Igihugu

Mu kwezi k’Ukwakira k’uyu mwaka, Banki y’Isi yatangaje ko ubukungu muri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara buzahura n’inzitizi nyinshi hagati y’umwaka wa 2015-2017, ariko ngo ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda si ko bimeze.

Izi nzitizi zifitanye isano n’ihungabana ry’ubukungu ku Isi, ngo u Rwanda ruzashobora guhangana nazo ku buryo ubukungu bwarwo buzazamuka ku rugero nibura rwa 7% mu myaka itatu iri imbere uhereye muri 2015, nk’uko byatangajwe na Punam Chuhan-Pole ushinzwe Afurika muri Banki y’isi.

Yavuze ko ibizazamura ubukungu bw’u Rwanda kuri urwo rugero ari ishoramari mu bikorwa remezo, imishinga yo koroshya ubwikorezi, kongera amashanyarazi no gukomeza kubyaza umusaruro umutungo kamere.

Punam Chuhan-Pole yabwiye itangazamakuru ko ibindi bizazamura ubukungu bw’u Rwanda ari ukwitabira kuzamura umusaruro w’ubuhinzi no guteza imbere imibereho myiza harimo kwita ku burezi n’ubuzima.

Agaciro k’ifaranga

U Rwanda rwasinyanye amasezerano atandukanye y'inkunga na Banki y'isi yizeza gufasha ubukungu bw'u Rwanda kuzamuka.

Mu kwezi kwa Nyakanga uyu mwaka, Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda (BNR) yatangarije abanyamakuru ko agaciro k’ifaranga ry’u Rwanda kamanutse ku gipimo cya 4.1% mu mezi atandatu ya mbere y’uyu mwaka wa 2015, nyamara ngo byari byitezwe ko kamanuka ku kigero cya 6%.

Ibi ngo byaterwaga n’uburyo idolari rya Amerika ryihagazeho hirya no hino ku isi, aho amwe mu mafaranga akoreshwa mu karere u Rwanda ruherereyemo ngo yataye agaciro ku gipimo kiri hagati ya 10% kugeza kuri 20%.

Ku isoko ry’imvunjisha mu Rwanda bahise bahanika ibiciro, ariko Leta irabamagana yihutira gushyira amadolari menshi ku isoko, mu rwego rwo gusubiza inyuma uwo muvuduko wo guhanika ibiciro byayo.

Abavunjayi bagabanyije ibiciro by’idorali babishyira ku mafaranga 745 na 755 y’u Rwanda, babikuye ku mafaranga 800 na 805; aho bari bageze kuri 715 na 720 mu byumweru bibiri gusa. Kuri ubu idolari riri ku mafaranga y’u Rwanda 760 na 766.

Guverineri John Rwangombwa yavuze ko indi mpamvu itapfa koroha gukumira kw’izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ivunjisha, ari inyungu iri hejuru za banki zisaba abo ziba zahaye inguzanyo.

Ibiciro by'ibikomoka kuri peteroli byagiye bizamuka bikongera bikamanuka ariko ntibyabujije ibiciro by'ingendo kuzamurwa.

Ibiciro by’ibiribwa by’ibanze

Muri uku kwezi kwa 12 k’umwaka wa 2015, bigaragara ko bimwe mu biribwa nk’ibirayi, ibitoki, ibishyimbo n’ibindi, bigenda bigabanuka mu biciro bitewe n’uko bitangiye kwera; ariko siko byari byifashe mu mezi abiri ashize.

Ku isoko rya Nyabugogo ikiro cy’ibirayi cyavuye ku mafaranga 250 ubu kiri kuri 230, ibishyimbo byari bimaze kurenga 500 ubu biragurwa hagati ya 300 na 350; ariko ngo ifu y’imyumbati yo irarushaho guhenda.

Icyakora abacuruzi baravuga ko uko imyaka igenda ihita, ibiciro by’ibiribwa n’ibindi bintu bikenerwa mu buzima bwa buri munsi ngo birushaho kuzamuka. Urugero ni uko mu mwaka ushize(i Kigali), ikiro cy’ibirayi cyari ku mafaranga 150, igitoki ari amafaranga 100.

Ingengo y’imari y’igihugu n’aho izava

Mu kwezi kwa kamena nibwo Ministeri y’imari n’igenamigambi yatangaje ko ingengo y’imari y’umwaka wa 2015-2016 izaba ingana na miliyari 1768.2(RwF) z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda, akaba yariyongereyeho miliyari 5.8 ugereranyije n’umwaka wa 2014-2015.

Muri iyi ngengo y’imari, biteganijwe ko amafaranga azava imbere mu gihugu azaba angana na miliyari 1174 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda (ahwanye na 66% by’ingengo y’imari yose), harimo azakomoka ku misoro angana na miliyari 894 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda.

Ministeri y’imari iteganya ko miliyari 219(Rwf) z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda azakomoka ku bindi bitari imisoro, nk’inguzanyo z’imbere mu gihugu, ndetse n’ava mu ishoramari ritangizwa mu gihugu.

Leta iteganya kuzakira inkunga iva mu bihugu bisanzwe ari abafatanyabikorwa bayo ingana na miliyari 358.4(Rwf) azaba ahwanye na 20% by’ingengo y’imari ndetse n’inguzanyo z’amahanga zingana na miliyari 235.7(Rwf) ahwanye na 14%.

Leta ivuga ko ishingiye ubukungu ku baturage
Ministeri y’imari n’igenamigambi, yongeye kubigarukaho mu nama y’Umushyikirano yaraye irangiye, ko izakomeza kongera umusanzu uva ku baturage ugashyirwa mu kigega Agaciro Development Fund, aho ngo umaze kurenga miliyari 28 Rwf.

Leta ikomeje kandi gushyira impapuro mpeshwamwenda ku isoko, guhamagarira abantu kugura imigabane, kwitabira kuzigama mu gihe kirekire no gushaka ingamba zo kongera umusaruro uva ku buhinzi, ku nganda na serivisi.