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Impuguke z’u Rwanda zahumurije ababonye ikivu cyahinduye ibara
Ubuyobozi bw’ikigo gishinzwe gukurikirana ubudahungabana bw’ikiyaga cya Kivu bwatangaje ko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe busanga guhindura ibara ku Kivu bidateye ikibazo.
Kuri uyu wa gatanu tariki 22 Mata 2016, Umutoni Augusta Marie Chritine, umuyobozi wa Lake Kivu Monitoring Program “LKMP” ishinzwe gukurikirana ubudahungabana bw’ikiyaga cya Kivu yatangaje ko ihinduka ry’ibara ku mazi y’ikivu bidateye ikibazo ahubwo byatewe n’ibyitwa kweruruka kw’ibiyaga “Whitening of Lake”.
Umutoni avuga ko kweruruka bikunze kuba ku biyaga bikungahaye kuri Carbonates iyo yahaye igituma ubushyuhe n’ubusharire “PH” bw’amazi y’ikiyaga bwiyongera.
Ku kiyaga cya Kivu ngo kweruruka kw’amazi y’ikiyaga cya Kivu byatangiwe muri Werurwe 2016 bitewe n’ubuhehere buri hejuru mu kirere, imvura, gushyuha kw’amazi yo hejuru y’ikiyaga no kwiyongera kw’imirasire y’izuba.
Izi mpinduka zatumye amazi ahinduka umwuka ujya mu kirere “evaporation” ugabanuka, bituma n’amazi yo hejuru y’ikivu atongera kwivanga kugera kuri metero 28 kandi byageraga kuri metero 60.
Ubushyuhe bw’amazi n’ubusharire “pH” byiyongereye kugera kuri 9.2 bivuye ku 8.9 bituma Carbonates zidashobora kuyengera mu mazi nk’ibisanzwe kuko CO2 isanzwe ibyoroshya iba yakoreshejwe n’urubobi ibyatsi byitwa “Cynobateria changwa bleu green algae” byiyongereye mu kivu bituma amazi ahindura ibara.
Ikindi impugucye za LKMP ikigo cya REG zitangaza n’uko iyo Carbonates zitakibasha kuyengera mu mazi, Calcium zibamo ziremamo udusenyi duto twitwa calcites dutuma amazi asa n’umweru, ibi bikaba biri ku mazi y’ikivu kuyashyize mu kirahuri nyamara uyarebye ari mu kiyaga abona ari icyatsi.
impugucye za LKMP zivuga ko izo mpinduka zisanzwe kandi zishira, bakizeza abanyarwanda ko bizarangirana n’igihe cy’imvura, naho twa dusenyi twa calcites bizarangira twongeye kuyengera mu mazi utundi tujye mu ndiba y’ikiyaga.
Umutoni Augusta yahakanye ko guhinduka kw’amazi y’ikiyaga cya Kivu ntaho bihuriye n’iruka ry’ibirunga bya Nyamuragira na Nyiragongo, gucukura gaz methane mu kiyaga cyangwa imitingito.
Avuga ko amazi yo mu ndiba z’ikiyaga arimo gaz methane ativanze nayo hejuru kandi guhindura ibara kw’ikivu nta ngaruka bigira ku binyabuzima n’ibikorwa bihakorerwa.
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None se muyobozi, iyo habayeho kwiyongera kudasanzwe kwa cyanobacteria ntabwo bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwo mu mazi? Iyi ni phenomenon yitwa algae bloom kandi itera oxygen depletion (kubura kwa oxygen) bityo ibinyabuzima bikahatikirira.
Byongeye kandi species (ubwoko) bwa cyanobacteria zakoze bloom ari microcystis spp. hashobora gukorwa toxin (icyica ubuzima) cyitwa microcystin ikaba yakwangiza umwijima w’abantu.
Bityo twakoshora ibijyanye na carbonate ahubwo tukavuga ko byatewe na water stratification, nutrients and light availability, bityo cyanobacteria zigakura bidasanzwe.
Oya!!ntaamkarungu mai gusa umuntu muto nkatwebw tubbonye ntivyoreka kuduter ikibazo tukibaz dti" mbese nikuki bbaye muri Kivu gus? Tanganyika kobitabaye?
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