Ni inguzanyo ya kabiri Mumukunde arimo yishyura, kuko yayifashe nyuma yo kurangiza kwishyura indi na yo y’amafaranga ibihumbi 100. Ni amafaranga ashora mu buhinzi bw’ibirayi.

Bitandukanye no ku nshuro ya mbere, kuri iyi nshuro Mumukunde avuga ko asa n’uwahombye, kuko ibirayi yahinze byumye bitarera, gusa ngo ntibizamubuza kwishyura neza inguzanyo yahawe.

Ati “Iyi nshuro ibirayi byarumye ubanza twaraguze imbuto mbi. Navuga ko rwose nahombye, ariko ndakora ibishoboka byose ngo ndangize kuyishyura”.

Impamvu imutera kwishyurana umuhate iyi nguzanyo, ni amakuru yumvise ko ubu noneho umuturage umwe yemerewe kugurizwa amafaranga ibihumbi 200, avuye ku bihumbi 100 yabaga yemerewe mbere.

Mumukunde avuga ko namara kwishyura iyi nguzanyo azahita yaka ibihumbi 200, ariko noneho agahindura umushinga akayashora mu bindi.

Ati “Ni amakuru nanjye numvise numva aranshimishije cyane. Ni ibintu byiza cyane ndetse ahubwo ningira amahirwe nkamara kwishyura, nzahita naka andi”.

Iyi nkingi ya serivisi z’imari (Financial Services), Leta y’u Rwanda yayishoyemo miliyari 14 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda muri 2008.

Mu kiganiro cyihariye Kigali Today yagiranye na Jean Claude Rwahama, umuyobozi w’Ishami rishinzwe Imibereho Myiza mu Kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe guteza imbere ibikorwa by’iterambere mu nzego z’ibanze (LODA), yavuze ko mu mwaka wa 2008 gahunda ya VUP igitangira, inkingi ya serivisi z’imari yashowemo miliyari 14 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda, ariko ubu amafaranga yose hamwe abanyamuryango bagurijwe akaba ari 35,053,239,957 z’amafaranga y’ u Rwanda.

Iyi nkingi ya serivisi z’imari yagiye ishyirwa mu bikorwa mu byiciro, ubu ikaba igeze mu cyiciro cyayo cya gatatu.

LODA igaragaza ko mu cyiciro cya mbere guhera mu mwaka wa 2008 kugera muri 2014, abaturage 293,944 ari bo bahawe inguzanyo, bose hamwe bakaba baragurijwe 20,852,089,311.

Mu cyiciro cya kabiri guhera muri 2014 kugera muri 2019, abahawe inguzanyo baragabanutse bagera ku bantu 163,554 bose hamwe bagurijwe 18,766,632,075.

Jean Claude Rwahama, asobanura ko ipamvu y’iri gabanuka ku basabye inguzanyo, ari uko ibigo by’imari abaturage bafatiragamo inguzanyo (Imirenge SACCO), byazamuye inyungu yari yarashyizweho ya 2%, bikayishyira kuri 11%.

Iki ni ikibazo cyagejejwe no mu Nama y’Igihugu y’Umushyikirano yo muri 2018, ndetse icyo gihe Perezida wa Repubulika Paul Kagame ategeka ko inyungu isubizwa kuri 2% mu rwego rwo korohereza abaturage.

Mu cyiciro cya gatatu ari na cyo ubu kiri gushyirwa mu bikorwa guhera muri 2019, abaturage bamaze guhabwa inguzanyo ubu bageze kuri 286,162, bakaba bamaze guhabwa amafaranga 35,053,239,957.

Ni nde uhabwa inguzanyo muri VUP?

Iyi nkingi ya serivisi z’imari, igamije gufasha Abanyarwanda bafite amikoro make gukorana n’ibigo by’imari, bagatinyuka kwegera no gukorana na byo, ndetse bakanoroherezwa kubona inguzanyo ziciriritse ku nyungu ntoya ya 2%, bityo bakabasha kugerwaho n’izindi serivisi zose zitangwa n’ibigo by’imari harimo no kwizigamira.

Iyi nkingi igamije kandi guhugura abagenerwabikorwa ku micungire y’imari n’uburyo bwo gushora amafaranga mu mishinga iciriritse ibyara inyungu yabafasha kwiteza imbere.

Abagenerwabikorwa ba serivisi z’imari muri VUP, batoranywa mu ngo zikennye cyane, bakaba ari abantu ku giti cyabo, amatsinda cyangwa amakoperative. Abagore n’urubyiruko ni byo byiciro byitabwaho by’umwihariko.

Abagenerwabikorwa bujuje ibisabwa batoranywa mu bagize umuryango cyangwa bamwe mu baturage bafite ubushobozi bwo gukora. Abatishoboye muri bo hamwe n’abakomoka mu ngo zikennye, ni bo bitabwaho mbere y’abandi.

Ingo cyangwa abantu ku giti cyabo bashobora kuba bari hejuru gato y’umurongo w’ubukene ariko bakaba bafite imbogamizi zishobora kuba zabasubiza mu bukene bukabije na bo bashobora gushyirwa mu mubare w’abagenerwabikorwa.

Icyakora abaturage badashoboye gukora na gato kubera izabukuru, abana, cyangwa abafite ubumuga bukabije ntibemerewe guhabwa iyi serivisi.

Imishinga ihabwa inguzanyo yemezwa ite?

Imishinga ihabwa inguzanyo yemezwa na Komite y’Umurenge ishinzwe inguzanyo ihagarariwe n’Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa, igihe ari inguzanyo y’umuntu ku giti cye cyangwa itsinda.

Inguzanyo ya koperative yemezwa bwa nyuma na Komite tekiniki yo ku rwego rw’Akarere igashyirwaho umukono n’Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Akarere.

Umubare ntarengwa w’amafaranga atangwamo inguzanyo

Abantu ku giti cyabo, amatsinda yujuje ibisabwa ndetse n’amakoperative bashobora gutanga dosiye isaba inguzanyo kandi umubare w’amafaranga y’inguzanyo basaba ugomba kuba ukwiranye n’umushinga bateganya gukora.

Ubu umuntu ku giti cye yemerewe kugurizwa kugera ku bihumbi 200, na ho itsinda cyangwa se koperative byemerewe kugurizwa kugera kuri miliyoni esheshatu.

Imyishyurirwe y’aya mafaranga iteye ite?

Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe guiteza imbere ibikorwa by’iterambere mu nzego z’ibanze (LODA), kigaragaza ko mu ntangiriro za VUP, amafaranga y’inguzanyo yatangwaga muri iyi nkingi ya serivisi z’imari byari bigoye kuyishyura.

Rwahama Jean Claude, avuga ko mu cyiciro cyayo cya mbere (2008-2014), hari abaturage bananiwe kwishyura inguzanyo bahawe, ku buryo Leta yafashe umwanzuro wo gusiba iyo myenda ingana hafi na miliyari eshanu z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda.

Icyakora Rwahama avuga ko mu byiciro byakurikiyeho, hashyizweho uburyo bwo gukurikirana imikoreshereze y’inguzanyo ndetse n’uburyo bwo kuzishyuza, ku buryo ubu bigenda neza.

Avuga ko kugeza ubu mu nguzanyo zatanzwe, 78% zishyurwa neza, mu gihe 22% ari zo zitishyurwa neza.

Rwahama avuga ko abatishyura uko bikwiye hari komite ishinzwe inguzanyo ku rwego rw’umurenge, ikaba ibegera ikabaganiriza, hakarebwa uburyo bakwishyura inguzanyo bafashe ariko nta kubahutaza.

Izindi nkingi za VUP

Inkunga y’ingoboka (Direct Support)

Iyi nkunga ihabwa ingo ziri mu bukene bukabije zitabasha kwibonera iby’ibanze nkenerwa mu buzima, nk’izitagira umuntu n’umwe ushoboye gukora, urugo rufite umuntu umwe ushoboye gukora, ariko akaba afite inshingano zo kwita ku muntu ufite ubumuga bukabije, cyangwa uburwayi budakira butuma atabasha kwiyitaho atabonye ubimufasha (nko kwiyuhagira, kwigaburira, kujya mu bwiherero) n’ibindi.

Hari kandi abana bari munsi y’imyaka 18 cyangwa se bayirengeje bakiri mu mashuri babarwa nk’abadashoboye gukora, na bo bakaba bagenerwa iyi nkunga.

Ese inkunga y’ingoboka ibarwa ite?

Inkunga y’ingoboka ibarwa hagendewe ku mubare w’abagize urugo. Urugizwe n’umuntu umwe rugenerwa amafaranga 7,500, urugizwe n’abantu babiri rugahabwa amafaranga 12,000, urugizwe n’abantu batatu rugahabwa amafaranga 15,000, urugizwe n’abantu bane ruhabwa amafaranga 18,000, urugizwe n’abantu batanu cyangwa barenzeho ruhabwa amafaranga 21,000.

Kugeza ubu abaturage 104,433 ni bo bahabwa inkunga y’ingoboka. Muri bo harimo abagore 77,300 ndetse n’abagabo 27,133.

Inkingi y’imirimo y’amaboko isanzwe

Iyi nkingi igamije gutanga imirimo mu rwego rwo korohereza ingo ziri mu bukene bukabije, kubona iby’ibanze nkenerwa mu buzima hamwe no gutera imbere mu buryo burambye.

Muri iyi nkingi hakorwa imirimo igamije kongera no kubungabunga ibikorwaremezo, nko kwita ku mihanda, kubungabunga ibidukikije, gukora amaterasi y’indinganire n’indi itanga akazi ku bantu benshi.

Abagenerwabikorwa b’imirimo y’amaboko isanzwe muri VUP ni abaturuka mu ngo ziri mu bukene bukabije, ariko zifite nibura umuntu umwe ushobora gukora, zikaba zitari mu bahabwa inkunga y’ingoboka cyangwa zibarizwamo abagenerwabikorwa b’imirimo y’amaboko yoroheje (Expanded Public Works).

Hari kandi ababarizwa mu ngo abaturage bagaragaje ko zikeneye ubufasha kubera ingorane zahuye na zo nk’ibiza n’ibindi. Kugeza ubu, abaturage 75,532 ni bo bakora muri iyi nkingi y’imirimo y’amaboko isanzwe. Muri bo harimo abagore 34,842 ndetse n’abagabo 40,690.

Inkingi y’imirimo y’amaboko yoroheje

Mu nkingi y’imirimo y’amaboko yoroheje ya VUP, abagenerwabikorwa bashobora guhabwa akazi koroheje nko guharura imihanda mu rwego rwo kuyibungabunga (Flexible Road maintenance), gutanga serivisi zo kwita ku bana bato mu ngo mbonzamikurire (Home Based Early Childhood Development Integrated Services), gufata neza ubusitani ndetse no gutegura ingemwe z’ibiti n’imbuto (Greening and beautification).

Muri iyi nkingi kugeza ubu habarirwa abaturage 82,765 bahawe akazi, barimo abagore 62,450 ndetse n’abagabo 20,315.

Ubufasha bugenewe abagore batwite n’abana batarengeje imyaka ibiri (NSDS)

Iyi nkunga ya NSDS (Nutrition Sensitive Direct Support), ni imwe muri gahunda za Leta zigamije kurwanya imirire mibi n’igwingira kuva umwana agisamwa kugeza agize imyaka ibiri.

Umugenerwabikorwa wa NSDS agenerwa 7,500 Frw buri kwezi, agahabwa 22,500 Frw mu ngunga imwe mu ntangiriro za buri gihembwe.

Kugeza ubu, abagenerwabikorwa b’iyi nkingi bose hamwe ni 119,356. Muri bo harimo abana 99,917 ndetse n’abagore batwite 19,439.

Reba inkuru bijyanye Inyungu iri hejuru yagabanyije umubare w’abaka inguzanyo muri VUP