Nubwo bayifata nabi hari abavuga ko ari ahantu buri wese ashobora kwisanga ku ikosa rito cyangwa rinini yagwamo yabitekereje cyangwa bimugwiririye bati, “Nta mugabo ufadungwa, umugabo mbwa aseka imbohe”, n’izindi mvugo zigaragaza ko gufungwa atari ibintu bya runaka gusa.

Hari n’abavuga ko gereza ari ishuri umuntu ashobora guhinduriramo imitekerereze igihe yisanze yafunzwe, hari n’abayifata nk’irimbukiro igahabwa amazina nk’igihome, imva ifunguye, ahacecekerwa n’andi mazina yo kwiheba k’ufungiyemo cyangwa utinya gufungwa.

Nubwo bimeze gutyo ariko gereza ziriho kandi zirimo Abanyarwanda babarirwa mu bihumbi, abagore n’abagabo, abakecuru n’abasaza, aboroheje n’abakomeye, n’abana barafugwa.

Mu Rwanda abafunze barimo ibyiciro bibiri ari byo imfungwa n’abagororwa abo bakagengwa n’amabwiriza aturuka mu rwego rw’Igihugu rushinzwe imfungwa n’abagororwa mu Rwanda, RCS (Rwanda Correction Service) uru rukaba ari rwo rushinzwe kugorora.

Imfungwa n’abagororwa batandukaniye he?

Mu magambo make nk’uko bisobanurwa n’Umuyobozi wa Gereza ya Rusizi, CSP Rudakubana, imfungwa ni umuntu wese ufungiye muri gereza ariko atarakatirwa n’inkiko igihano runaka.

Icyo gihe ufunze ashobora kuba akurikiranywe n’ubushinjacyaha, ariko acumbikiwe muri gereza afungiyemo kugeza igihe azaburanira yatsindwa agahabwa igihano azamara afunze yaba umwere akerekurwa bivuze ko umuntu ashobora kurekurwa ataraba umugororwa, uri muri gereza yitwa imfungwa kugeza igihe azaherwa igihano amaze kuburanishwa.

Umugororwa ni ijambo riva ku nshinga ‘kugorora’, bivuze kongera guha umurongo ikintu cyagoramye kikagororoka kigasubira mu mwanya kigaragara neza kandi cyuzuza inshingano nk’uko byahoze.

No ku bagororwa rero ni kimwe ni ukuvuga abantu bafunze bahamijwe ibyaha n’inkiko, abo nibo bita abagororwa kuko baba bafatwa nk’abagoramye kubera ibyaha bahamijwe, bagatangira urugendo rwo kugororwa ngo bongere gusubira mu mwanya mwiza bahozeho bavugururwe bongere gusubira mu buzima busanzwe barangije ibihano.

CSP Rudakubana avuga ko kuva igihe umuntu yafatiwe akagezwa muri gereza akurikiranwe n’ubushinjacyaha cyangwa inkiko aba ari imfungwa naho guera igihe yakatiwe igihano agomba kumara muri gereza agatangira kwitwa umugororwa.

Imibereho y’ifungwa n’abagororwa itandukaniye he, kuki bambara imyenda idasa?

Muri gereza zo mu Rwanda hafungiyemo imfungwa n’abagororwa b’ibyiro bibiri, ari bo abafungiye ibyaha bisanzwe (Droit Commun) n’abafungiye icyaha cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Iyo ukigera muri gereza usanga warateguriwe uko uzabaho, kwambara kurya no kuryama, kwidagadura, gusenga, kuvuzwa no gukora imirimo ifitiye igihugu akamaro iyo bishoboka, byumvikane neza ko imirimo ikorwa n’abamaze guhabwa ibihano kuko iyo mirimo ishobora no kuba kimwe mu bigize igihano wahawe.

Imfungwa cyangwa umugororwa ahabwa impuzankano yabugenewe, mu Rwanda hakaba hemewe umwenda w’ibara rya Rose cyangwa Orange, uwo ni umwambaro wo gusohokana igihe bagiye mu mirimo hanze ya gereza, cyangwa igihe bagiye kuburana, kwivuza n’ikindi gihe bibaye ngombwa ko imfungwa cyangwa umugororwa arenga gereza nko gusurwa.

Ibyo bivuze ko muri gereza imbere imfungwa cyangwa umugororwa biyambarira imyenda bashatse kugeza no kuri za kositimu ku bazifite, rwose umuntu yiyambarira ibyo ashatse n’uwo mwenda wabugenewe ashobora kuwambara iyo nta yindi afite.

Umuyobozi wa gereza ya Rusizi CSP Rudakubana avuga ko amabara ya Rose cyangwa Orange yambarwa bitewe n’ibara ryabonetse ku isoko iyo igihe cyo kugura imyenda y’abagororwa kigeze bityo ko hari abashobora kwambara ibara runaka bitavuze ko baba bafungiye ibyaha bitandukanye.

Agira ati “RCS yemeje amabara abiri ari yo Rose na Orange, nta tandukaniro riri hagati y’ayo mabara kubera icyaha umuntu afungiye, uwakoze Jenoside cyangwa uwakoze icyaha gisanzwe ayo mabara ashobora kuyambara, umugore, umwana, cyangwa undi wese ashobora kwambara ayo mabara kubera ibara ryabonetse ku isoko”.

Ku bijyanye n’uko iyo myenda iba idoze, avuga ko ubundi hemewe ikabutura n’ishati cyangwa ijipo n’ishati by’amaboko magufi ku bagore igihe bagiye gusohoka, ibyo bikaba bivuze ko ipantaro n’ishati y’amaboko maremare bitemewe n’ubwo hari abo ushobora kubona babyambaye.

Avuga ko gereza ziba zifite imashini zidoda kandi abagororwa ari bo bidodera imyenda bityo ugasanga hari abanyuranyije n’amabwiriza bakaba bakwidodera ipantaro cyangwa ishati y’amaboko maremare icyo gihe ngo iyo bigaragaraye babyambura ubyambaye, cyangwa akangirwa gusohoka.

CSP Rudakuba avuga ko nibura buri mwaka hagurwa umwenda w’imfungwa n’abagororwa, kandi haba hari imyenda y’agateganyo ku bazanwa muri gereza kandi uwo Mwenda ari ubuntu utagurishwa ku uwuhawe.

Gereza ibamo imiyoborere nk’iyo mu baturage basanzwe

CSP Rudakubana avuga ko kuyobora gereza atari ukuyirindisha imbuda gusa ahubwo imfungwa n’abagororwa bafite inzego z’ubuyobozi nk’uko bigenda mu baturage badafunze, izo nzego zikora umunsi ku wundi kandi zigatanga raporo ku buyobozi bukuru bwa gereza zikoreramo, izo raporo akaba ari zo zishingirwaho mu kugena impinduka mu micungire ya gereza.

Avuga ko gereza yose iba igize urwego rw’imiyoborere nk’urw’umurenge, ikayoborwa n’Umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa wa Gereza ushyirwaho hakurikijwe ubunararibonye bwe, amashuri yize n’imyitwrire myiza muri gereza kandi ashinwa n’abatuye gereza.

Uyu Gitifu w’umurenge yunganirwa n’izindi nzego zishyirwaho nk’uko mu baturage badafunze biteye kugeza ku rwego rw’akagari, umudugudu ubu hakaba haranashyizweho urwego rw’Isibo nk’uko hanze aha biteye, hari kandi urwego rw’umutekano n’imibereho myiza.

Izi nzego kandi nizo zita ku buzima bwa buri munsi bw’imfungwa n’abagororwa, haba ku guteka, kurya, gusukura gereza, kugenzura ibibera muri gereza birimo imyidagaduro n’amateraniro, kurwaza abarwaye, umutekano no guhana bakoze ibyaha.

Abatuye utugari n’imidugudu muri za gereza bagira umwihariko mu micungire yabo harimo n’imvugo zidasanzwe, izo mvugo zishobora kuba zigamije, kwishimisha, kunenga no kujora, no guhisha amabanga amwe n’amwe cyane ku byaha bikorerewa muri gereza.

Dore amwe mu magambo azimije akoreshwa muri gereza

CSP Rudakubana avuga ko imfungwa n’abagororwa barangwa n’imico itandukanye irimo imyiza n’imibi kandi buri myitwarire igira uko ifatwa kugera no mu mivugire. Nko ku byaha bikorerwa muri gereza bigahishirwa bigira uko bivugwa ku buryo buzimije abacungagereza cyangwa abaturage bashya bakigera muri gereza.

Gukubana, gufirawuna: Aya ni amagambo asobanura gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina ku bagabo cyangwa abagore bafungiye muri gereza iki kikaba kimwe mu byaba bikorerewa muri gereza kandi bihanwa n’amategeko y’imbere muri gereza.

Iyo abagabo cyangwa abagore fashwe bakubana cyangwa se basambana bahuje ibitsina, cyangwa se bakora ubutinganyi imbere muri gereza bakatirwa igifungo kiri hagati y’iminsi 15 na 30 mu twumba duto twashyiriweho abakoze ibyaha imbere muri gereza.

Utwo twumba tuzwi nka Kasho, Sipesho cyangwa Indaki: aka ni akumba katabona kihariye muri gereza gafungirwamo uwakoze icyaha, za nzego z’imiyoborere zasuzuma zigasanga akwiye kuba akuwe mu bandi ingo ajye kwitekerezaho.

Kasho ni akumba gato gafite ubuhumekero buto gahoramo umwijima ku buryo utareba hanze cyakora ngo bashyiramo itara kugira ngo ufungiyemo atazagira ikibazo cy’amaso kubera urumuri rukeya.

Kasho ngo iremewe si ikintu gishya muri gereza cyakora ngo uyifungiyemo ahabwa amazi n’ibyo kurya nk’uko bisanzwe, kandi yagira ikibazo akaba yakwitabwaho mu gihe akirangiza igihano yahawe, infungwa n’abagororwa bafata kasho nka gereza yabo mu murenge batuyemo.

Gupakira, no gupakurura: Aya ni amagambo akoreshwa ku byaha bikorerewa muri gereza bishobora no kuviramo ufunze gukurikiranwa n’inkiko ku cyaha yakoze kikiyongera ku cyo asanzwe afungiye.

Gupakira bikorwa n’abagororwa cyangwa imfungwa binjiza ibitemewe muri gereza byiganjemo ibiyobyabwenge.

Mu rwego rwo guhisha ibiyobyabwenge, imfungwa n’abagororwa basohotse gereza bashobora kubona mu buryo bw’ibanga ibitemewe muri gereza bakabyinjizamo, babishyira mu masashi bakabitsindagira mu myanya ndangabitsina yabo cyangwa mu kibuno kuko hatapfa kubonwa na buri wese ubasaka mbere yo kongera kwinjira muri gereza, icyo gihe haba bahabyeho icyo bita ‘gupakira umuzigo’.

‘Gupakurura umuzigo’ rero ni igihe imfungwa cyangwa abagororwa bagejeje ibyo binjije iwabo maze hakabaho gukurura bya bifurumba by’ibyo bipakiyemo, bagatangira kubicuruza imbere muri gereza cyangwa kubikoresha.

Gupakira no gupakurura bikorwa n’abantu babyiyemeje badatinya ingaruka bahuriramo zaba iz’uburwayi bujyanye no kwangirika kw’imyanya y’umubiri babipakiramo banabipakurura, cyangwa gutahurwaho ibyo binjije bishobora no kubakururira izindi dosiye z’ibyaha.

Hari andi magambo akoreshwa kubera imiterere ya gereza

Aho imfungwa n’abagororwa baryama hitwa muri ‘metariso’: ni ibitanda birebire bigerekeranye bikoze mu byuma bishinze n’ibitambitse birambuyeho imbaho, buri murongo w’imbaho ukaba uryamaho abagororwa bangana n’uburebure bwawo kuko nta byumba bibamo.

Metariso ziba zigerekeranye kugeza ku nzego eshatu nibura, niyo mpamvu usanga gereza yubatse inkuta ari ndende ni ukugira ngo ibyo byuma bishinze bimeze nk’ibitanda bigerekeranye bibone aho bikwirwa.

Ikarita: Ni akamanyu gato k’akabaho ka Tiripuregisi kanditseho nomero y’uri muri gereza yerekana iyo agiye gufata ibyo kurya, iyo ibikwa n’umukuru w’isibo cyangwa w’umudugudu muri gereza, igatangwa kabiri ku munsi ni ukuvuga mu gitondo bagiye gufata igikoma, no ku gicamunsi bagiye gufata amafunguro asanzwe.

Ikarita ikoreshwa rimwe, iyo utayifashe ntuhabwa ibyo kurya, iyo wibeshye ukagerageza kuyihisha ngo uze kongera kuyifatiraho ibyo kurya bwa kabiri urabihanirwa kugeza no kuba washyirwa muri Kasho.

Ikiderenka: Ni imvugo ikoreshwa ahanini n’abafungiye muri gereza bashaka kuvuga wa mwambaro wabo wa Rose cyangwa Orange, cyakora usanga iryo zina rinahabwa imfungwa ikigera muri gereza bakayita umuderenka.

Ni nko kuvuga umuntu wananiranye, w’imyitwarire mibi baba bashaka kumunnyuzura, we usanga anategekwa kwambara uwo mwenda imbere muri gereza kugira ngo amenyekane cyangwa ashyirweho ijisho cyane cyane abafungiwe ibyaha bikomeye baba bakekwaho gucika gereza.

Umusekirite: Urwego rukomeye cyane muri Gereza zose mu Rwanda ni urushinzwe umutekano kuko rukora amasaha 24/24 ijoro n’amanywa kugira ngo gereza ibe itekanye.

Abasekirite rero ni abashinzwe umutekano bayoborwa na Capita General, usanga bene uyu n’ubundi aba yarabaye mu nzego zishinzwe umutekano ku buryo n’abo yifashisha benshi baba barabaye muri izo nzego ariko banafite imyitwarire myiza muri gereza.

Capita General niwe upanga gahunda y’irondo rya ku manywa muri gereza agakorana bya hafi na Gitifu w’umurenge, ni ukuvuga umuyobozi w’imfungwa n’abagororwa bose, haba ku birebana no guteka no gufata amafunguro, gusukura gereza, no gukurikirana abanyabyaha. Bene abo usanga bagira impuzankano zirimo n’ingofero n’ibikoresho birimo n’inkoni ngufiya.

Urwo rwego rw’umutekano rushyira ku murongo kandi rugakemura ibibazo byose bishobora guhungabanya umudendezo w’abatuye Gereza ku buryo ubuzima buba ari nta makemwa kandi bigakorwa neza ntawe uhutajwe.

Uburoko: Uburoko ni ijambo rivuga gukora igihano cy’igihe kirekire ahanini kinashobora kugera kuri burundu, iyo ufunze ari gusoma igitabo, gukina igisoro, amakarita n’ibindi akora bimurangaza ngo atitekerezaho nibwo bavuga ko ari gukora uburoko.

Iyo rero byanze kamere ikabyuka, rimwe na rimwe hakanazamo ihungabana rituruka ku byaha yakoze, nibwo bavuga ko uburoko bwamuriye, icyo gihe ufunze ashobora kunanirwa kurya, no kwitabira bimwe byamurangazaga ngo atitekerezaho.

Kubona ubwisanzure bwo gukora uburoko bigora cyane nk’abatazi gusoma no kwandika no gukina ya mikino cyangwa kubona aho bayikinira, niyo mpamvu muri za gereza habamo ubundi buryo rusange bwo kufasha abafunze kwidagadura.

Harimo amateraniro aho buri bafungwa n’abagororwa bagira umunsi n’isaha bateraniraho hashingiwe ku myemerere yabo, mu madini n’amatorero basengeramo, habamo kandi televiziyo n’indi mikino ishobora kubafasha kwidagadura.

Imfungwa n’abagororwa banitabira ibikorwa by’ubugeni, ubuhanzi bushingiye ku muco, ndetse bakanitabira amarushanwa bakanayatsinda.

Iyo ufunze bimunaniye kwiyakira bavuga ko yasaze ugasanga arigunze cyangwa arivugisha, bakavuga ko ari guteteza, akazenguruka muri gereza bakavuga ko ari kubara amatafari yayo, n’andi magambo asa n’agaragaza ko ufunze byamunaniye kwiyakira, icyo gihe bene abo bajyanwa kwa muganga cyangwa ku bashinzwe ubuzima bwo mu mutwe ngo babiteho.

Kujya ku ikipe: Kujya ku ikipe ni ukujya mu mirimo ifitiye igihugu akamaro, mukunze kubona abagororwa mu mirimo itandukanye y’ubuhinzi, ubworozi n’ubwubatsi, abagiye muri iyo mirimo bagenda mu matsinda ari yo bita amakipe bitewe n’ubumenyi bafite mu mirimo bagiye gukora.

Bayoborwa n’umukapita uzobereye mu murimo runaka bagiyemo, kandi iyo kipe iba irimo abagize inzego z’imiyoborere muri gereza ku buryo no ku ikipe baba bafite amabwiriza bagenderaho atuma nta n’ukinisha gutoroka, cyangwa gukora andi makosa niyo mpamvu abacungagereza usanga ari bake kuri ayo makipe, mbese gereza ni urugero rwiza rw’imvugo ngo ‘buri wese abe ijisho rya mugenzi we’.

Gereza uko wayita kose irimo ubuzima butandukanye kandi ahanini bugoye, ariko usanga bubera benshi guhinduka bagasubira ku murongo kandi bakisubiraho burundu, basohokamo bati “Tuvuye muri Kaminuza kwiga”.