Nubwo hari intambwe iri guterwa mu gukora imiti mishya, raporo ivuga ko abantu benshi cyane cyane abana bo mu bihugu bikennye n’ibifite ubukungu buciriritse batabona antibiyotike zibasha kubakiza.

Iyi raporo ya 2026 Antimicrobial Resistance Benchmark, yasohotse ku wa 10 Werurwe 2026 itangajwe n’umuryango Access to Medicine Foundation, yasuzumye uko amasosiyete 25 akora imiti arimo gufasha mu kurwanya indwara zidakira antibiyotike no korohereza ibihugu bikennye kubona iyo miti.

Raporo igaragaza ko hari intambwe zimwe zigaragara, ariko ikerekana ko ibikorwa biri gukorwa ku isi bikiri hasi cyane ugereranyije n’ubukenewe kugira ngo iki kibazo gikomeye cy’ubuzima rusange gikemuke.

Umuyobozi mukuru wa Access to Medicine Foundation, Jayasree K. Iyer, yagize ati:
“Turashobora gutsinda urugamba rwo kurwanya mikorobe irwanya imiti. Ibyo twabonye muri ubu bushakashatsi byerekana inzira zifatika zo kwihutisha iterambere muri uru rugamba.”

Indwara zidatinya imiti zica abantu benshi cyane muri Afurika

Abahanga mu by’ubuzima bavuga ko kubura antibiyotike zabugenewe ku bana bituma abana bato bashobora kurwara cyane indwara zidatinya imiti.

Raporo ivuga ko mu 2019, Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima, Akarere ka Afurika abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 1.05 bapfuye bafite indwara ziterwa na mikorobe itacyumva imiti, muri bo abagera ku 250,000 bapfuye bitewe n’izo ndwara ubwazo.

Iki kibazo kirushaho gukomera kubera kubura antibiyotike zikora neza no gutinda kuzana imiti mishya mu bihugu bikennye.

Ku isi hose, abantu barenga miliyoni imwe bapfa buri mwaka kubera indwara zidacika ku miti. Niba nta ngamba zikomeye zifashwe, impfu zishobora kwiyongera cyane mu 2050.

Gukora antibiyotike nshya birimo kugabanuka

Raporo inagaragaza ko imishinga yo gukora antibiyotike nshya igenda igabanuka.

Mu myaka itanu ishize, imishinga y’amasosiyete akora imiti iri gukora ku antibiyotike nshya yagabanutseho 35%: yari 92 mu 2021, igera kuri 60 mu 2026.

Nubwo bimeze bityo, raporo igaragaza imishinga 7 iri hafi kurangira ishobora kuvamo imiti ishobora kurwanya mikorobe zikomeye cyane.

Iyo miti iri gukorwa n’amasosiyete arimo:

GSK

Otsuka Pharmaceutical

Shionogi

Iyo miti ishobora gufasha mu kuvura indwara nk’ igituntu kirwanya imiti myinshi, indwara ziterwa n’udukoko two mu bwoko bwa fungi, n’indwara ziterwa na bagiteri zirwanya imiti.

Nanone, hari imiti mishya izemezwa vuba irimo Gepotidacin ndetse na Zoliflodacin

Ni bwo bwa mbere mu myaka myinshi habonetse imiti mishya inyobwa ivura indwara ya gonoreya.

Abana ni bo bafite ikibazo gikomeye kurusha abandi

Nubwo hari izo ntambwe, raporo ivuga ko abana bato cyane cyane abari munsi y’imyaka itanu ari bo bakomeje kubura imiti ibabereye.

Mu mishinga yose iri gukorwa kuri antibiyotike nshya, 14% gusa ni yo igamije gufasha abana bato.

Ikindi kibazo ni uko imiti iriho idafite uburyo bworoshye bwo guhabwa abana.

Mu bihugu 17 byo muri Afurika yo munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara, nta sosiyete n’imwe mu zasuzumwe yandikishije imiti ya antibiyotike igenewe abana.

Umuyobozi w’ubushakashatsi muri Access to Medicine Foundation, Claudia Martínez, yagize ati:
“Turabona ko udushya mu gukora imiti y’abana ari duke cyane, kuko imishinga iriho ari itanu gusa, kandi itatu muri yo ni iyakomotse ku miti y’abakuru.”

Raporo ivuga ko ibihugu bibiri gusa muri Afurika byamaze kwandikisha imiti y’abana muri iyi gahunda ari Afurika y’Epfo ndetse na Namibia.

Harasabwa ubufatanye bukomeye ku isi

Raporo ivuga ko bidahagije gukora imiti mishya gusa, ahubwo igomba no kuboneka, igahenduka kandi igakoreshwa neza.

Hagati aho, bamwe mu bakora imiti batangiye kunoza uburyo bwo kugenzura imyanda y’imiti iva mu nganda, kumenya neza umubare w’abarwayi mu bihugu bikennye bagezwaho imiti.

Ariko raporo igaragaza ko imikorere rusange y’amasosiyete y’imiti yagabanutse kuva muri raporo yo mu 2021, bityo hakenewe imbaraga nshya n’ubufatanye bukomeye.

Abahanga bavuga ko kurwanya indwara zidatinya antibiyotike bisaba ubufatanye bwa
za leta, amasosiyete akora imiti, n’imiryango mpuzamahanga yita ku buzima.

Hatagize igikorwa, raporo ivuga ko miliyoni nyinshi z’abantu zishobora kubura imiti ibasha kubakiza, mu gihe mikorobe zirushaho kwiga kurwanya antibiyotike ziriho ubu.