Dore zimwe mu ndwara zibasira imitekerereze ya muntu

Yanditswe na

Ernestine Musanabera

28-04-2023 - 18:15' | Ibitekerezo ( 2 )

Bimwe mu bimenyetso biranga umuntu wafashwe n’indwara z’imitekerereze usanga uwo muntu afite imyitwarire idasanzwe itandukanye n’iy’abandi ndetse idahuye n’amahame ya sosiyete, mu myitwarire ye akagarangwa n’ibimenyetso bidasazwe ku bandi bantu, ndetse n’imvugo ye ugasanga irimo amagambo afite umwihariko wayo yo kuba yavuga nabi bitari ngombwa n’ibindi bimenyetso bitandukanye.

Dr Jean Damascène Iyamuremye, umuyobozi wa serivisi ishinzwe kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe mu kigo cy’ikigihugu cy’ubuzima (RBC), avuga ko byemezwa ko umuntu afite indwara zibasira imitekerereze ya muntu, (personality disorder) ubibwirwa n’igice kigenga imitekerereze y’umuntu, amarangamutima, uko afata ibyemezo, imyitwarire, imikorere n’imibanire ye n’abandi”.

Ati “ Umuntu wamaze kurwara bene izi ndwara usanga afite imyitwarire itandukanye n’iy’abandi bantu ndetse ugasanga yatangiye guhindura bimwe mu bintu byari bisanzwe bimuranga”.

Igihe umuntu wari usanzwe uzi ukabona yahindutse muri ibi bintu bine birimo imitekerereze ye, ibyiyumvo bye ku bintu bitandukanye ndetse n’imyitwarire n’uburyo abanamo n’abandi uzamenye ko yagize ubu burwayi ubundi umufashe.

Uburwayi bwitwa “Paranoid Personality Disorder” bwibasira imitekerereze y’umuntu, ubu burwayi burangwa no kutizerana no gukeka abandi nta mpamvu n’imwe umuntu afite ituma abakeka. Abantu bafite ubu burwayi bahora bari maso bagahorana kwikanga abandi, batekereza ko abantu babagirira nabi, bakunze kurangwa no kumva ko bagenzi babo babasuzugura no kubagirira nabi.

Ubundi burwayi bwitwa “Schizoid personality disorder “ ni uburwayi butuma umuntu yirinda ibikorwa ahuriramo n’abandi ndetse no guhura nabo, usanga umuntu ufite ubu burwayi yirinda kugaragaza amarangamutima ye mu bandi. Umurwayi arangwa no kugirana ibibazo bihoraho n’abo babana, agaragaza ubwoba cyangwa inkeke mu mibanire n’abandi, akarangwa kandi no kwisobanurira ibintu uko bitari.

Ubu burwayi bumutera kumva afite ubushobozi bwo kumenya ibizaza mu bihe biri imbere, ubuzima bwe bubaho nta cyerekezo, Akunda kwiheza mu bandi (Isolation) ndetse, akunda kwikanga ubusa, bigatuma agira inshuti nke.

Indwara bita Antisocial personality disorder ; Uyu arangwa no kutubaha abandi ndetse no guhutaza uburenganzira bwabo. Akenshi usanga ibintu bye byose abikora wenyine.

Indwara bita Borderline personality disorder ni indwara arangwa no kutagira umubano uhamye n’abandi ugasanga uyirwaye ahindagurika. Ubu burwayi butuma umuntu atabasha kugenzura amarangamutima ye, umuntu yigiramo amakimbirane nawe ubwe, bivuze ko ahora yumva yifitemo ibibazo bidashira, arangwa no guhubuka kandi ntabwo agira imibanire myiza n’abandi.

Indwara ya Histrionic Personality disorder umuntu uyirwaye arangwa no kugira amarangamutima ahindagurika, umuntu ufite ubu burwayi arangwa no kwishushanya cyangwa kwiyorobeka, arangwa kandi no kugoreka ibintu uko bitari ndetse agakunda kwibonekeza. Akunda kugaragaza uruhande rwiza gusa ndetse agashaka guhora ariwe ugaragara mu bandi no kwitabwaho.

Indwara bita Narcissistic Personality disorder aba bantu bumva ari bo batekereza neza gusa kandi nta muntu ubarusha ubwenge, bakenera ko bitabwaho cyane kumva ko ibitekerezo byabo byahawe agaciro bakumva bahora bashimwa mbere y’abandi. Abantu bafite ubu burwayi nta bushobozi bwo kumva no kwita kubitekerezo byabandi bagira.

Indwara yitwa Personality Disorder abayirwaye biyumva nk’abantu badafite ibitekerezo bidahagije, bahora bumva abandi babacira urubanza, ariko bakifuza gukundwa bakunda kwirinda gusabana n’abandi kubera ubwoba bukabije bwo kumva bahemukirwa.

Dore igitera izi ndwara n’uburyo zivurwa

Dr Iyamuremye avuga ko izi ndwara ziterwa n’ibihe umuntu anyuramo akiri umwana bigenga cyane imyitwarire y’ahazaza. Izi ndwara zishobora guturuka no kubyo umuntu yahuye nabyo mu mikurire ye, harimo guhemukirwa nuwo yizeraga, kubura uwo yakundaga, kutitabwaho n’ibindi bikorwa bibi byose bikora ku marangamutima y’umuntu.

Ati “Izi ndwara zifite isoko mu bwana bw’umuntu no mu mikurire ye ndetse no mu mibereho ya buri munsi, ariko zishobora no kuba inkomoko n’uruhererekane mu miryango cyangwa zigaturuka ku miterere ya muntu”.

Hari uburyo bukoreshwa mu kuvura izi ndwara, bujyanye no kuganirizwa, yaba umuntu ku giti cye, itsinda ry’abantu cyangwa umuryango (Psychotherapie) cyangwa se byaba ngombwa hagakoreshwa imiti igenwa n’inzobere (psychiatres).