Abunganira abaregera indishyi bagaragaje ko Bucyibaruta yari afite ubushake bwo gushyira Jenoside mu bikorwa

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Malachie Hakizimana

8-07-2022 - 08:25' | Ibitekerezo ( )

Urukiko rwa rubanda rw’i Paris mu Bufaransa, ku wa Kane tariki 07 Nyakanga 2022 rwumvise abunganira abaregera indishyi batanga imyanzuro yabo mu rubanza rwa Laurent Bucyibaruta. Icyo bahurizaho ni uko bose bagaragaje ko ibisobanuro bya Bucyibaruta bitahabwa agaciro kuko avuga ko mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi nta bubasha yari afite bwo gukiza abicwaga, nyamara bigaragara ko yari agifite ijambo rikomeye muri Perefegitura yayoboraga, ndetse we akikomereza imirimo isanzwe mu gihe abandi bicwaga.

Banenga kuba Bucyibaruta yarakomeje kwigira mu kazi mu biro bye mu gihe Abatutsi barimo bicwa muri Perefegitura yayoboraga

Umwe muri abo banyamategeko bunganira abaregera indishyi witwa Gilles Paruelle, yibukije urukiko ko mu gihe cy’amezi abiri (ni ukuvuga mu kwa kane n’ukwa gatanu 1994) angana n’ayo urukiko rumaze ruburanisha urubanza (uru rubanza rwatangiye ku itariki ya 9 Gicurasi 2022), ibihumbi n’ibihumbi by’Abatutsi bari baramaze kwicwa mu Rwanda no muri Perefegitura ya Gikongoro yayoborwaga na Bucyibaruta by’umwihariko ahamenyekanye cyane nk’i Kibeho, i Murambi, mu Cyanika, i Kaduha, abapadiri n’imfungwa muri Gereza ya Gikongoro, n’abanyeshuri bo muri Marie Merci i Kibeho.

Me Paruelle yakomeje yerekana ko Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yatangiye tariki 7 Mata 1994 atari impanuka ahubwo ko yari yarateguwe ndetse inakorerwa igerageza mbere ya 1994 mu bice binyuranye birimo cyane cyane nka Bugesera.
Yagaragaje ko Perefe mu Rwanda rwa 1994 yari umuntu ukomeye kandi afite ububasha. Ati “Yari nka Perezida wa Repubulika muri Perefegitura ye kandi yaravugaga akumvwa. Yari umuntu ufite icyubahiro kandi ugera hose. Ni yo mpamvu na Laurent Bucyibaruta yabashije kuva ku Gikongoro akajya i Kigali tariki 11 Mata 1994 mu nama ya Guverinoma mu gihe abandi baturage batagendaga. Ndashaka rero kwibaza ibi bibazo: Ni gute nka Laurent Bucyibaruta yatubwira ko bariyeri zitari zigamije gufata Abatutsi, ni gute twakwemera ibyo avuga ko atigeze abona abantu biciwe kuri izo bariyeri, ni gute twakwemera ibyo avuga ko ari kuri Perefegitura atashoboraga kureba i Murambi ? Ni gute twakwemera ko tariki 21 Mata atashoboye kujya i Murambi ahantu hiciwe ibihumbi hafi 50 mu munsi umwe gusa?”

Me Paruelle yakomeje asobanurira urukiko amateka asharira abaregera indishyi yunganira banyuzemo mu gihe cya Jenoside, uburyo biciwe abantu benshi n’ubwo barokotse bakaba bahorana ibikomere batewe n’ayo mateka. Ati “ni mu izina ry’abo bose mbasaba kugaragaza ukuri, mu cyemezo muzafata muzatekereze abarokotse bategereje ubutabera.”

Undi munyamategeko Me Antonin Gavellin wa FIDH (Fédération International des Droits de l’Homme), we yagize ati “Banyakubahwa icyemezo mugiye gufata cyo kugaragaza ko Laurent Bucyibaruta ahamwa n’ibyo aregwa cyangwa ari umwere ni icyemezo mugiye gufata mu izina ry’u Bufaransa. Muzagaragaza ko u Bufaransa budashobora kuba ubuhungiro bw’abantu bahungabanya uburenganzira mpuzamahanga bwa muntu, icyemezo cyanyu kigomba kwereka abantu bakora ibyaha byo guhungabanya uburenganzira mpuzamahanga ko no mu Bufaransa bazakurikiranwa kandi bagahanirwa ibyo bakoze. Mugiye gufata icyemezo ku byaha biregwa Bucyibaruta kikaba ari cyo cyaha kiremereye kurusha ibindi byose mu mategeko yacu hano mu Bufaransa. Hari ikintu nshaka kubabwira twumvise cyane muri uru rubanza ko abategetsi ntacyo bari bashoboye gukora ko hari imvururu (chaos total), ndagira ngo mbabwire ko ibyo atari byo na gato. Muri kiriya gihe cya Jenoside ubutegetsi bwarakoraga, hari bisi za ONATRACOM zatwaraga abajya kwica, hari za katerepulari zakoreshwaga mu gucukura ibyobo byatabwagamo Abatutsi bishwe, si ibyo gusa kandi kuko izo katerepulari zanakoreshejwe mu gusenyera za kiliziya ku Batutsi, abajandarume bari ahantu hose. Kuvuga ko abategetsi ntacyo bari bashoboye rero si byo na gato. Hari abafungwa bagiye bajyanwa mu guhamba Abatutsi bishwe, ibyo byakorwaga n’abategetsi. Hari hagunda yiswe ‘auto defense civile’ yari igamije guha intwaro Abahutu ngo bakomeze umugambi wo kwica. Si byo na gato kuvuga ko iyicwa rya Perezida ari ryo ryatumye abaturage barakara bakica bagenzi babo bari baturanye. Banyakubahwa ntabwo iyicwa ry’Abatutsi ari ikintu cyaturutse mu kirere, ni ikintu cyateguwe neza n’ubutegetsi. Icyemezo mugiye gufata muragifata mu izina ry’u Bufaransa kandi no mu izina ry’ubumuntu(humanité).”

Hakurikiyeho umunyamategeko uhagarariye umuryango mpuzamahanga urwanya ivangura ry’amoko( ligue internationale contre le racisme et l’antisemitisme - LICRA), avuga ko muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda hari abantu bagiye baba Intwari bakarwana ku bicwaga. Ati “muri abo nababwira gusa nk’uwitwa Gisimba warwanye ku bantu benshi n’imfubyi mu mujyi wa Kigali. Ba nyakubahwa ntabwo ibyo dushinja Bucyibaruta ari ukuba atarabaye Intwari nk’abongabo, ntabwo twamusaba ngo na we abe yarabaye nk’abo mu Rwanda bita Abarinzi b’Igihango kubera ibikorwa by’indashyikirwa bakoze, Bucyibaruta arashinjwa kuba ntacyo yakoze nk’umuyobozi ngo arengere abicwaga kandi yari ashinzwe nk’umuyobozi, ibyo ni byo mu gifaransa twita ‘complicité par abstention’.”

Ati “Bucyibaruta arahamwa n’ibyaha akurikiranwaho kubera ko ntacyo yakoze kandi yaramenye ibyategurwaga, yarabonaga abantu bari mu kaga ariko ntagire igikorwa gifataika akora ngo abatabarize ntibicwe. Iyo Bucyibaruta avuga ko yari afite ubwoba bw’uko na we yakwicwa ibyo si byo na gato. Ntabwo yigeze abagaragariza neza uburyo icyemezo yari gufata cyari gutuma yicwa. Muraburanisha umuntu ushinjwa icyaha cyatumye hicwa abantu barenga miliyoni yose mu gihe cy’amezi atatu gusa. Iki si icyaha kireba u Rwanda gusa, Igihugu gito muri Afurika, ni icyaha kireba inyoko muntu yose uko yakabaye n’u Bufaransa burimo.”

Umunyamategeko Rachel Lindon wunganira umuryango IBUKA uharanira inyungu z’abarokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, na we yavuze ko ibyo Bucyibaruta yireguza atari byo. Ati “Muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda mu 1994 dukwiye kwibuka ukuntu ibitero byakwiraga impande zose ku misozi kandi ko ku Gikongoro ari hamwe mu ho ubwicanyi bwahise butangira kare cyane. Abatangabuhamya mwumvise barabibabwiye bihagije. N’ubwo tutabona ikarita igaragaza ahantu hose hari bariyeri mu gihe cya Jenoside ariko zari zuzuye ahantu hose mu Rwanda kimwe no muri Gikongoro. Bucyibaruta yatubwiye ko atari azi ko abantu bicirwaga kuri bariyeri ariko nyamara ku rundi ruhande akavuga ko yabaga afite impungenege z’uburyo umugore we yashoboraga kunyura kuri za bariyeri. Ikindi mugomba kwibuka iyo tuvuga Jenoside ni uburyo Abatutsi bahurizwaga ahantu hamwe ari benshi. Ibyo byatumye abicanyi babageraho ku buryo bworoshye, iyo ikaba imwe mu ntego za Jenoside kurimbura abantu bose nta n’umwe urokotse. Mwibuke kandi ko Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda ifite umwihariko wo kuba Abatutsi baricwaga n’abantu babazi neza kandi na bo inshuro nyinshi babaga bazi. Iyo ni isura yihariye ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.”

Bucyibaruta avugwaho uruhare mu guhuriza Abatutsi ahantu hamwe

Umunyamategeko uhagarariye umuryango SURVIE na we yavuze ko Perefe Bucyibaruta yaranzwe no kubahiriza amabwiriza yose yagiye ahabwa na Guverinoma (harimo n’ayo guhuriza Abatutsi ahantu hamwe, babeshywa ko bagiye kuharindirwa).

Ati “Guhuriza abantu benshi ahantu hamwe ni cyo cyatumye hicwa Abatutsi benshi kandi mu gihe gito. Ibyo byose Laurent Bucyibaruta yabikoze abizi neza kandi azi icyari kigamijwe. Ibyo bisanzwe muri mu buryo bukoreshwa n’abafite umugambi wo kurimbura icyiciro runaka cy’abantu.

“Ubundi buryo bukoreshwa kenshi ni ukuyobya abantu mu itangazamakuru hagakoreshwa imvugo runaka. Urugero nabaha muri Jnoside yakorewe Abatutsi ni uburyo hakoreshejwe ijambo umwanzi aho FPR yitiriwe Abatutsi bose maze abicanyi bakabica bumva barimo kurwana umwanzi, ko nta cyaha bakora na gato.”

Ati “Bucyibaruta yagiye mu nama ya Guverinoma tariki 11 Mata 1994 ayivuyemo akoresha inama ba Superefe na ba Burugumesitiri abasubiriramo ayo mabwiriza. Icyo tubona cyananditswe na Alison Des Forges ko Laurent Bucyibaruta atigeze yitandukanya na gato n’umugambi w’abari bamukuriye, ntiyigeze aca ku ruhande rw’ayo mabwiriza, ahubwo yakomeje kumvira Guverinoma ku mabwiriza yatangaga yose. Ikindi nabibutsa ni ubutumwa Bucyibaruta yatanze atangaza icyiswe ihumure (campagne de pacification). Iki ni ikintu cyatumye n’abarokotse bari bakihishe hirya no hino bajya ahagaragara bakeka ko amahoro yabonetse koko ariko ntibyari byo na gato kuko bose bahise bicwa, nta humure ryigeze ritangwa. Ndashaka kubabwira ko nta kintu cy’impanuka cyabaye mu bwicanyi bw’Abatutsi , ibitero byagiye bitegurwa kandi bikayoborwa mu buryo bwizwe neza. Iyo bitaba ibyo nta kuntu Murambi, Cyanika na Kaduha byose byari gutererwa rimwe, uwo ni umugambi wa Jenoside.”

Uyu munyamategeko yakomeje ati “Ba nyakubahwa ndagira ngo mbabwire ko ubuhamya twumvise muri uru rubazna bugaragaza neza ko Laurent Bucyibaruta yari azi neza ko Abatutsi bicwa kandi ko hateguwe umugambi wo kubica. Ikindi nababwira ni uko Bucyibaruta yari afite ubutegetsi, yari Perefe kandi yakomeje kuba we kugera mu kwezi kwa karindwi 1994 tukibuka ko yatwibwiriye ko yahunze mu kwezi kwa karindwi Jenoside irangiye. Ikindi nabibutsa Bucyibaruta yiyemereye ni uko iruhande rw’aho yari atuye hari bariyeri ebyiri kandi usibye n’ahongaho ntabwo yigeze atubwira ko hari ubwo yaba yarigeze agira ingorane zo kunyura kuri za bariyeri, hose yaritambukiraga ntawe umuhangaritse kubera ko yari Perefe.”

Undi munyamategeko yavuze ko Bucyibaruta umutima umucira urubanza, kuko mu gihe cya Jenoside cyose yakomeje kubahwa, ndetse abantu bamutegaga amatwi. Ati “Mu gushyira mu bikorwa umugambi wa Jenoside mu Rwanda na Gikongoro, byateguwe neza ku buryo ugerwaho, kandi bikagendera ku buryo abayobozi bari mu nzego, kuva hejuru umanuka. Ibi bivuze ngo waricaga cyangwa ukicwa, kandi murabizi ko Bucyibaruta yagumye ku mwanya we. Icyo abaregera indishyi bashaka, ni uko ubutabera butangwa, ku barokotse Jenoside, kuko imbere muri bo, barapfuye.”

Umunyamategeko Simon Foreman we yagize ati “Uru rubanza rwabaye rurerure si ndi bubatinze. Ndababwira ku bintu bine. Icya mbere ni uko nemeza ko muri Gikongoro habaye Jenoside. Icya kabiri, ndemeza ko Bucyibaruta yagize uruhare muri iyo Jenoside, kuko ibyo yakoze cyangwa atakoze byatumye Jenoside ikorwa muri Gikongoro. Icya gatatu ni uko yari azi neza uko Jenoside iri kugenda muri Gikongoro, ndetse agashyira mu bikorwa ibyatumye yihuta. Icya kane, ese yabigiyemo ku bushake? Nti yego, muzabirebe neza, kuko ari mu bayiteguye b’ingenzi. Ibyabaye Kibeho, Cyanika, Murambi,... ntacyo yigeze abivugaho. Wari umugambi wateguwe wo kumaraho ubwoko bumwe.”

Yakomeje ati “Kwemera ko Jenoside yabaye muri Gikongoro, ugomba kwemera ko hanabaye umugambi wo kuyitegura. Si ngombwa ko uwo mugambi uba wanditse nk’amategeko mu bitabo, kuko ushobora no kugaragara mu bikorwa. Uko byagenze mu Rwanda bigaragaza ko yateguwe ku rwego rwo hejuru. Ibyabaye bigaragara, birahagije. Ubwicanyi bwabaye mu ijoro ryo kuwa 20-21, ijoro rimwe, ahantu hatatu hatandukanye, uburyo bumwe ntibyari impanuka, byari byateguwe, uko biri bukorwe, ntibyabaye mu kavuyo, byari ku buryo bwihuse.”

Ati “Gahunda yo kwicisha impunzi umwuma n’inzara, yari gahunda yizweho. Gukusanya Abatutsi, kubagota, guha intwaro abaturage bagahurizwa hamwe icyarimwe, iyo si impanuka. Abayobozi bari barakoze ubukangurambaga (mobilisation) buhagije.”

Yakomeje ati “Bucyibaruta yabigizemo uruhare. Yafashije cyane gushyira umugambi wa Jenoside mu bikorwa, aho yabanje kwimakaza umuco wo kudahana, aho kwica umututsi byari ibisanzwe, nta ngaruka, abantu bakica akicecekera, nta perereza, nta kureba kuri izo nzirakarengane, ahubwo we yakomeje kuyobora Perefegitura. Dufite inyandiko zigaragaza ko no muri Jenoside yakiraga akandika inyandiko zisanzwe nk’aho Igihugu kiri mu bihe bisanzwe. Na we yarabyivugiye ko bishe i Murambi mu gitondo yigiriye ku kazi gusoma amabaruwa.”

Aba banyamategeko bunganira abaregera indishyi basabye urukiko ko mu gufata icyemezo rwazabanza rukibuka amasura y’abatangabuhamya baruciye imbere n’amarira menshi, bashyira icyizere mu biganza by’urukiko, bizeye guhabwa ubutabera.