Rusesabagina wari wagarutse imbere y’ Urugereko rwihariye ruburanisha Ibyaha Mpuzamahanga n’Ibyambukiranya Imipaka ruherereye i Nyanza mu Majyepfo y’u Rwanda ajuririra icyemezo cyo gukomeza gufungwa cyafashwe n’urukiko ku busabe bw’ubushinjacyaha yasabye ko aho afungiye adahabwa uburenganzira bwo kwiga dosiye ye ngo ayigireho amakuru.

Mu byo yasabye urukiko harimo kumushyirira mu cyumba cye mudasobwa ihoramo murandasi (internet), imashini ifotora (Printer) byo kujya bimworohereza gutegura urubanza rwe .

Mu bindi yasabye harimo guhabwa amezi atandatu yo gutegura neza urubanza kuko avuga ko atigeze agira uburenganzira busesuye kuri dosiye ye. Yanasabye ko yemererwa abanyamategeko be bo mu Bubiligi bakaza kumwunganira mu rubanza rwe.

Impamvu Rusesabagina yatanze ubushinjachaha bukuriwe n’umushinjacyaha mukuru wungirije muri uru rubanza madamu Habyarimana Angelique bwavuze ko gusaba amezi atandatu ari amayeri yo gushaka gutinza urubanza kuko Rusesabagina amaze amezi 4 azi ibikubiye muri dosiye aregwa.

Ku bijyanye no kunganirwa n’abanyamategeko bo hanze baturutse mu gihugu cy’u Bubiligi barimo Vincent Larquin avuga ko yari asanzwe ari umunyamategeko we, ubushinjacyaha bwemeye ko ari uburenganzira bwe kunganirwa n’uwo yihitiyemo nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 68 y’itegeko rigenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha.

Hisunzwe ingingo ya 7 y’itegeko nº 83/2013 ryo ku wa 11/09/2013 rishyiraho urugaga rw’abavoka mu Rwanda, rikanagena imitunganyirize n’imikorere byarwo Ubushinjachaha bwavuze ko bidashoboka ko yakunganirwa n’abavoka bavuye mu Bubiligi na CANADA na Australia kuko itegeko riteganya ko bibaho mu gihe amategeko y’igihugu uwo mwunganizi (Avocat) akomokamo atabuza Abanyarwanda uburenganzira bwo kunganira abantu mu gihugu uwo mwunganizi na we akomokamo kandi bitanyuranyije n’amasezerano mpuzamahanga.

Ku bw’ubushinjacyaha ngo kuba rero Abanyarwanda batemerewe kujya kunganira abantu mu nkiko zo mu Bubiligi no muri CANADA na Autralia ngo ntabwo abunganizi Rusesabagina yifuza bakomoka muri ibyo bihugu na bo bakwiriye guhabwa ubwo burenganzira bwo kunganira abantu mu Rwanda.

Rusesabagina wakunze kugaragaza inzitizi kuva ku munsi wa mbere ubwo yitabaga urukiko, yabishimangiye ku wa Gatanu imbere y’Inteko Iburanisha avuga ko hari uburenganzira bwe bw’ibanze butubahirijwe bityo ko ahagaritse urubanza rwe.

Yagize ati “Ndagira ngo mbwire urukiko n’ubucamanza ko uburenganzira bwanjye bw’ibanze bwo kwiregura no kugira uburenganzira ku rubanza ruboneye, urukiko rwanze kubwubahiriza.”

Yakomeje agira ati “Kuba rero uburenganzira bwanjye bwanze kubahirizwa, ndagira ngo menyeshe urukiko ko nta butabera na bumwe ntegereje hano bityo nkaba mbamenyesha ko ntazongera kwitabira uru rubanza. Urubanza rwanjye ndaruhagaritse.”

Umucamanza wari uyoboye iburanisha abajije umwe mu banyamategeko be Maitre Rudakemwa Felix, yavuze ko ntacyo yarenza ku byo uwo yunganira avuze kuko asanga ari uburenganzira bwe.

Dr Kayitana Evode , Umwalimu w’amategeko muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda no muri Kaminuza yigenga ya Kigali (ULK ) akaba n’inzobere mu ishami ry’imanza nshinjabyaha avuga ko kwivana mu rubanza ari uburenganzira bw’umwe mu baburanyi bityo ko amategeko abimwemerera.

Dr Kayitana yagize ati “Hari ababuranyi benshi baba bafunzwe batumizwa mu rukiko kuburana ntibitabe, iyo Urukiko rusanze rwaragutumije mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko agasinya kuri assignation yarangiza ku munsi wo kwitaba ntiyitabe urukiko rumuburanisha nk’umuntu udahari.”

Kayitana yakomeje avuga ko mu itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ryasohotse muri 2018 rivuga ko iyo ababuranyi ari benshi umwe muri bo cyangwa bamwe muri bo bakanga gukomeza urubanza kandi baratumijwe urubanza rukomeza rukazafatwa nk’aho rwaburanishijwe bahari, ngo kuba Rusesabagina yari ari kumwe n’abandi bantu 20 bareganwa urubanza ruzakomeza.

Ati “Nibamugeraho ngo yisobanure akabura bazavuga ko bamutumije mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko akanga kwitaba hanyuma bavuge ko bagiye gusuzuma ibimenyetso by’ubushinjacyaha nibasanga bifite ireme icyaha bazakimuhamya.”

Dr Kayitana Evode yakomeje avuga ko nk’umuntu ufunze kandi ubushinjacyaha bwakoresha ubundi buryo bwo kujya kumuzana mu Rukiko akaburana akaza akanga kuvuga ari mu Rukiko ngo kuko nta burenganzira bwo kwanga kwitaba uregwa agenerwa uretse uburenganzira bwo kwanga kuvuga kuko ari bwo bwanditse busanzwe buzwi.

Iki gihe ngo urukiko rumugezeho akanga kwiregura byaba bigaragara ko yahawe ubwo burenganzira akanga kubera ko afite uburenganzira bwo guceceka.

Abajijwe niba bitaba bihabanye n’ihame ry’ubutabera buboneye (Fair Trial ) yavuze ko bitaba bibangamiye ubwo burenganzira kuko bavuga ko bwabangamiwe iyo uregwa yimwe umwanya wo kwiregura.

Ati “Kugira ngo avuge ko ihame ry’ubutabera buboneye (Fair Trial) ryishwe na none ni igihe yavuga ko yimwe igihe gihagije cyo gutegura urubanza. Icyo gihe urukiko nabwo ni rwo rusuzuma kandi urukiko rureba niba igihe cyo gutegura urubanza wasabye atari ukunanizanya mu rwego rwo gutinza urubanza, rushobora gusuzuma rukavuga ko amezi atandatu adakwiriye.”

Rusesabagina wari wasabye amezi 6 yo kwiga urubanza impamvu ze ntabwo zemewe ngo ahabwe icyo gihe.

Urukiko rwafashe umwanzuro ko urubanza rukomeza noneho Rusesabagina akazisobanura nyuma y’abandi mbere y’uko urubanza ruburanishwa mu mizi (Hearing the case on Merits) amaze gusoma dosiye yose no kuyiga.

Mu bindi urukiko rwasabye, rwasabye gereza ya Mageragere kujya imuha igihe gihagije cyo kumworohereza kwiga dosiye ye. Urubanza ruracyakomeje aho harimo kumvwa abareganwa na Paul Rusesabagina, Urukiko rwavuze ko na we niyongera kugerwaho azahabwa umwanya n’ubwo we yavuze ko atazagaruka mu rubanza.
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Mu gihe cyo kwikura mu rubanza iyo ruburanishijwe n’ubundi nk’uko bisanzwe icyemezo cy’urukiko gishingira ku bimenyetso byatanzwe n’uwareze. Iyo uwareze atagaragaza ibimenyetso bituma uwarezwe ahamwa n’ibyaha ashobora kugirwa umwere kabone n’iyo yaba yarikuye mu rubanza.

Uretse kwikura mu rubanza, amategeko y’u Rwanda anateganya ko uregwa ashobora kwihana umucamanza cyangwa se inteko iburanisha.

Ingingo ya 103 n’iya 106 z’itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ziteganya uko bigenda mu gihe umuburanyi ahisemo kwihana umucamanza.

Ingingo ya 106, iteganya ko kwihana umucamanza bikorwa mu nyandiko igihe cyose urubanza rutaracibwa. Uwihannye Umucamanza mu iburanisha agomba kwandikira Perezida w’Urukiko inyandiko isobanura impamvu z’ubwihane mu gihe kitarenze umunsi umwe ukurikira uwo iburanisha ryabereyemo ubwihane.

Amategeko kandi anateganya kwivana mu rubanza k’uwareze ( uwaregeye Urukiko). Uyu ashobora kwivana mu rubanza mu gihe yaba atakirubonamo inyungu cyangwa yaba adafite ibimenyetso bihagije. Urugero kwivana mu rubanza bishobora gukorwa n’ubushinjacyaha.

Amategeko ateganya ko ikirego kizima nk’uko ingingo ya 5 y’itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha rya 2019 ibivuga aho igira iti “Mu gihe uwari wareze yemeye kureka ikirego igihe biteganywa n’amategeko, icyo kirego kirazima.”

Ntabwo ari ubwa mbere kwivana mu rubanza bibayeho mu Rwanda n’ahandi

Kwivana mu rubanza ariko si ubwa mbere bibayeho mu Rwanda kuko byanabaye mu rubanza rwa Ingabire Victoire RP 0081-0110/10/HC/KIG rwari ruhuriwemo n’abo bareganwaga ubwo yaburanaga n’ubushinjacyaha bw’u Rwanda bwamuregaga icyaha cy’ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside, icyaha cy’ubufatanyacyaha mu bikorwa by’iterabwoba, icyaha cyo gukurura amacakubiri, icyaha cyo kwamamaza nkana ibihuha bigamije kwangisha rubanda ubutegetsi buriho, icyaha cyo kurema umutwe w’ingabo bagamije igitero cy’intambara n’ icyaha cy’ubwinjiracyaha mu cyaha cyo kugirira nabi ubutegetsi buriho.

Mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 16/04/2012, Ingabire Umuhoza Victoire yamenyesheje urukiko ko atazongera kuburana no kwitaba urukiko, asaba n’abavoka be kutongera kuburana. Ubushinjacyaha na bwo bwasabye ko ategekwa kwitaba urukiko n’ubwo yafata icyemezo cyo kutagira icyo avuga kandi busaba ko mu nyungu z’ubutabera hagenwa umu avoka urengera inyungu z’uregwa.

Urukiko rwemeje ko atari ngombwa guhatira Ingabire Umuhoza Victoire kurwitaba ariko ko umwanditsi w’Urukiko azamumenyesha itariki urubanza ruzakomerezaho n’aho iburanisha rizabera. Rwemeje kandi ko atari ngombwa ko agenerwa umu avoka uhagarariye inyungu ze muri uru rubanza.

Icyo gihe urubanza rwarakomeje Urukiko Rukuru rwemeza ko Ingabire Umuhoza Victoire ahamwa n‘icyaha cy’ubugambanyi bwo kugirira nabi ubutegetsi buriho n’ingingo z’imena z’Itegeko-Nshinga hakoreshejwe iterabwoba n’igitero cy’intambara n’icyaha cyo gupfobya Jenoside ahanishwa igufungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15 ) ariko nyuma aza guhabwa imbabazi na Perezida wa Repubulika.

Mu mwaka wa 2007 mu rubanza No. ICTR-99-52-A ubushinjacyaha bw’Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (ICTR bwari bukuriwe n’umushinjacyaha Hassan Bubacar Jallow bwaregagamo Ferdinanand Nahimana, Jean Bosco Barayagwiza na Hassan Ngeze, umwe mu baregwaga ari we Jean Bosco Barayagwiza yikuye mu rubanza.

Muri uru rubanza, Barayagwiza wunganirwaga n’abanyamategeko Donald Herbert na Tanoo Mylvagana. Urukiko rwa ICTR rwanzuye ko rukomeza gukorana n’abanyamategeko be urubanza rugakomeza kuburanishwa.

Muri uru rubanza Barayagwiza Jean Bosco yaraburanishijwe ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 35 kiza kugabanywa kijya ku myaka 32 nyuma yo guhamwa n’icyaha cyo gukangurira rubanda gukora Jenoside (Incitement to Genocide) n’ibindi byaha bifitanye isano na Jenoside yakoze akoresheje umuyoboro w’itangazamakuru nka KANGURA na Radio RTLM no kuba mu mpuzamigambi z’ishyaka rya CDR.

Mu Rukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (ICTR) urundi rubanza kwikura mu rubanza byabayeho ni urwa André Rwamakuba, washinjwaga ibyaha bya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi aho yavuze ko atazongera kugaruka imbere y’urukiko.

Ageze mu Rukiko ku munsi wa mbere w’iburana, yagize ati “Ntabwo nzongera kuza kuburanira imbere y’uru rukiko ruyoborwa na satani, ntabwo nzongera kuza kwitaba kuko mbona umucamanza ari nko kuburana na satani.”

Urukiko rugendeye ku ngingo ya 18 igendanye no kwivana mu rubanza no kwihana umucamanza, perezida w’Urukiko yashyizeho inteko y’abacamanza 3 bashinzwe kwiga kuri iki kibazo birangira iyo nteko igaragaje ko impamvu za André Rwamakuba zifite ishingiro maze umucamanza arasimbuzwa urubanza rurakomeza.

Muri urwo rubanza rwa Rwamakuba rwabaye rukarinda rurangira atitabye yaratsinze urukiko ruramurekura nyuma yo kugirwa umwere.

Kwivana mu rubanza byanabaye mu gihugu cya Senegal k’uwahoze ari Perezida wa Tchad Hissène Habré wabaga muri Senegal aho yari yarahungiye nyuma yo gukatirwa igihano cy’urupfu mu 2008 n’urukiko rw’i Ndjamena muri Tchad.

Uyu mugabo waregwaga ibyaha yakoreye muri TCHAD aho yanakomokaga na we yivanye mu rubanza ubwo yaburanishwaga n’urukiko rudasanzwe rwari rwashyizweho n’umuryango w’ubumwe bwa Afurika . Urubanza rwe rwarakomeje mu 2016 aza no gukatirwa igifungo cya burundu nyuma yo guhamwa n’ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu, gufata abagore ku ngufu n’ibindi.