Kuko yari avutse nyamara baherutse gupfusha, ababyeyi bigiriye inama yo kwita umwana wabo Rusirare, ijambo ry’Igiswahili rishatse kuvuga ngo ntirurare, mbese ngo urupfu rukomeze rugende ntirurare muri urwo rugo.

Ubu bwari uburyo bwo kurwirukana cyangwa se kurukanga ngo rubavire ku ruhinja bari bibarutse.

Uyu muhungu yarakuze ndetse araguka cyane, ubu izina rye rirazwi mu ruhando rw’abacuruzi bakomeye muri Kigali.

Jaques Rusirare, avuga ko mu 1960 ubwo yigaga mu mashuri abanza, mushiki we mukuru yamuhaye ibiceri atibuka neza umubare ariko “byari munsi y’amafaranga ijana y’u Rwanda (100FRW), atangira gucuruza utuntu dutandukanye twa takataka.

Uyu munyemari ukomoka i Rutonde mu Karere ka Rwamagana akaba ari mu bakomeye mu Rwanda dore ko abarirwa mu cyiciro cy’abasoreshwa banini, avuga ko yarangije amashuri abanza mu 1963 ntashobore gukomeza mu yisumbuye kubera ibibazo by’amateka y’ivangura byaranze u Rwanda, bimutera kwishakira inzira agana iy’ubucuruzi buciriritse.

Agir ati “Ibyo nkora ntabwo mbikomora ku babyeyi banjye kuko n’ababyeyi twari twaratandukanye kubera amateka yari ariho ndetse, nk’umusaza ntabwo yari akiri mu gihugu, yari yarahunze.”

Avuga ko muri ubwo buzima bushariye ari bwo mushike we mukuru yamuhaye uduceri avuga ko twari munsi y’amafaranga ijana y’u Rwanda (100FRW).
Agira ati “Igishoro cya mbere ni amafaranga nahawe na mushiki wanjye mukuru ni yo nahereyeho mu bucuruzi.”

N’igitwenge, Rusirare akomeza agira ati “Ayo mafaranga ntabwo nibuka umubare wayo, ariko icyo nibuka neza ni uko yari munsi y’amafaranga ijana y’u Rwanda.”

Cyakora, akomeza avuga ko bitewe n’imiterere y’ubucuruzi bw’icyo gihe yayaranguyemo utuntu twinshi tw’ubuconco dore ko idebe rya litiro 20 rya peteroli ryaranguranga 20FRW, agakarito k’isabune kakarangura muri 20FRW naho ipaki y’itabi ikarangura 5FRW.

N’ubwo Rusirare yatangiye ubucuruzi akiri umwana muto, avuga ko yatangiye ubucuruzi bw’umwuga bwubahirije amategeko mu 1968 yandikisha ubucuruzi bwe muri Leta (Registre de commerce).

Kubera ibibazo by’umutekano muke waterwaga n’ivangura rishangiye ku moko, mu 1969 Rusirare yimuriye ubucuruzi bwe mu isoko ryo mu Gakinjiro mu Mujyi i Kigali maze buramuhira mu 1971 agura imodoka ya Toyota Stout ku mafaranga ibihumbi 335FRW, amara umwaka n’igice ayifashisha mu bucuruzi bwe ariko ari na ko atwaza abafite ibintu bakamwishyura.

Mu 1972, yaguye ubucuruze bwe maze afungura amagazini mu gice cy’ubucuruzi mu Mujyi wa Kigali kuri “Avenu du Commerce” bimuhesha kugura ikamyo ya mbere mu 1974. Nyuma y’umwaka umwe gusa agura ikamyo ya kabiri ahita afata isoko ryo gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa bya BRALIRWA.

Uyu mucuruzi wubatse izina mu gukora no gucuruza amarangi mu Rwanda binyuze mu ruganda rwe rwa Ameki Color, avuga ko mu 1975 ari bwo yashoboye gusohoka mu gihugu atemberera muri Kenya i Nairobi bimufasha kubona imikorere y’abandi, ahakura igitekerezo cyo gukora amarangi.

Agira ati “Mbere yaho kugenda ntabwo byari byoroshye kuko nta n’uwapfa kubona passport.”

Izo ngendoshuri yagiye akorera i Nairobi zatumye mu 1982 atangira icyo yisi “Atelier du Meuble de Kigali (AMEKI)” ari cyo kizwi nka “Ameki Meuble” bigatuma ajya i Nairobi kenshi ajya kurangura ibikoresho byo kwifashisha birimo amarangi, verini, kole y’imbaho n’ibindi.

Avuga ko nyuma y’imyaka itanu ajya kurangura ibikoresho byo kwifashisha muri atelier, cyane cyane verini na kole y’imbaho, yagize igitekerezo cyo kubyikorera kugira ngo igiciro yabiguragaho n’ingendo yakoraga bigabanuke, abajiji imashini zibikora asanga zishobora no gukora amarangi.

Ati “Nahise ngura imashini ebyiri nshaka n’umuntu wize ubutabire ndetse n’abakozi bandi bane ntangira uruganda rw’amarangi gutyo.”

Rusirare akomeza avuga ko izo mashini uko ari ebyeri yaziguze miliyoni cumi n’ebyeri (12,000,000FRW), amafaranga avuga ko ari menshi kuko icyo gihe miliyoni 4FRW zaguraga ikamyo nshya yo mu bwoko bwa Benz 16 - 21.

N’amashyengo menshi, Rusirare ati “Ubu miliyoni enye wazigura nk’amapine gusa.”

Urugendo ntirwamworoheye mu gutangira AMEKI Color

Afata icyemezo cyo gutangira uruganda rukora amarangi, vernis na Kole y’imbaho mu 1987, Rusirare yasanze ku isoko izindi nganda ebyiri zibikora zirimo urwitwaga Cirwa Color na Rwanda Paint bituma kubona ibyangombwa by’urwo ruganda bimubera ingume.

Byatumye urugendo rutamworohera kuko yabanje kubura ibyangombwa (licence) byo kubikora kandi yari afite imashini z’uruganda na BK yamwemereye amafaranga amufasha mu yindi mirimo y’uruganda.

Agira ati “Icyo gihe licence (icyangombwa cy’uruganda) yatangwaga na Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu (BNR) gusa, ariko kubera ko bamwe mu batanganga ibyo byangombwa bari bafite imigabane muri Cirwa barabinyima.”

Akomeza avuga ko yakomeje guhatiriza ariko ko “iyo utarambiwe ugera ku cyo wifuza. Nta kintu cyangoye nko gukora amarangi byantwaye imyaka ibiri kugira ngo nshobore gutangira kandi nari mfite ibikoresho byose n’abakozi.”

Mu gihe umwaka wa 1987 warangiye asa n’uwarangije kwitegura imirimo yose yo gutangira uruganda, Ameki Color yatangiye mu 1989.

Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yamukomye mu nkokora

N’ubwo muri iki gihe iyo uvuze irangi mu Rwanda izina umuntu atekereza mbere ari Ameki Color, Rusirare avuga ko byamutwaye imbaraga nyinshi kubera amateka akarishye yaranze u Rwanda.

N’agahinda kagaragara mu maso kandi kumvikana mu ijwi, Rusirare yibuka uburyo mu 1994, muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, Uruganda rwe rwa Ameki Color barutwitse ndetse na bamwe mu bakozi bakicwa abandi bagahunga.

Cyakora, nk’umuntu wari wariyemeje ubu bucuruzi, ngo nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yaguze imashini nshya nini esheshatu zikora amarangi y’ubwoko bwose ndetse akagira n’izindi mu malaboratwari zifashishwa mu buziranenge no kugena ibipimo.

Agira ati “Ubu ubucuruzi bwarakuze kuko hari n’umutekano ubungubu umuntu acuruza ntacyo yikanga.”

Ati “Ubu imashini dukoresha n’iyo wajya n’ahandi hose ku isi bakora amarangi meza ni zo wahasanga.”

Mu gihe mu mizo ye mu by’amarangi, Ameki Color yakoraga toni ebyiri ku munsi, akomeza avuga ko ubu Ameki Color ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora toni zirenga 100 z’amarangi ku munsi, cyakora ngo “byose bigenwa n’ababa babasabye ko babakorera amarangi (commande).”

Mu gihe Ameki Color yatangiye ifite abakozi 10 Jenoside iba bageze ku bakozi 50 none ubu uru ruganda rufite abakozi babarirwa muri 300.

Kuri ubu uru ruganda rwikorera buri gikoresho cyose gikenerwa mu gukora irangi kugeza rigeza ku isoko. Uretse gukora irangi runikorera ibikombe bafungamo irangi, ibifungwamo verni, ibya cole, ibya masitike rukanakora indobo n’amajerikani apfunyikwamo irangi kugira ngo rubone uko rurigeza ku isoko.

Amafoto: Roger Marc Rutindukanamurego