Byavugiwe mu nama ya gatanu y’abashakashatsi mu by’ubukungu n’imikoranire y’ibihugu (regional integration), kuri uyu wa 12 Werurwe 2019 yateguwe n’umuryango ukora ubushakashatsi mu by’ubukungu, EPRN, hagamijwe kureba imbogamizi zigihari ngo isoko rusange ry’Afurika rizatange umusaruro ryitezweho ndetse no gutanga inama ku mitegurire yaryo.

Dr. Andrew Mold, umukozi muri komisiyo y’umuryango w’Abibumbye yita kuri Afurika (UNECA), avuga ko amasezerano y’isoko rusange akoze neza, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga by’u Rwanda byaziyongera ku kigero cya 22%, ibya Uganda na Tanzania bizamuke ku kigero cya 21%, naho ibya Kenya bizamuke ku kigero cy’10%.

Ibi ngo byatuma imisoro yakwinjira mu karere binyuze muri ibyo byoherezwa hanze yakwiyongeraho miliyari y’amadolari, imirimo mishya nayo yiyongere hagati y’ibihumbi 500 na hafi miliyoni ebyiri.

Dr Mold yavuze ko kuri ubu ibihugu byo mu Burasirazuba bwa Afurika byohereza hanze 51% gusa by’ibyo byakabaye byohereza hanze, ni ukuvuga ko u Rwanda rwohereza 63% gusa, mu gihe Tanzania ari 38%, Uganda 70%, Kenya ikohereza 53% naho u Burundi bukohereza 63%.

Dr Mold yavuze kandi ko igihe iri soko rizaba riri gukora kandi neza, bizatuma iyi mibare ihinduka cyane atanga urugero ko mu burayi igihe bwishyiraga hamwe, ubucuruzi hagati y’ibihugu bwageze hejuru y’ijana ku ijana, cyakora avuga ko ibi byose bisaba ko buri gihugu gishyigikirana umutima wose iyi gahunda.

Haracyari imbogamizi

Mu gihe hasigaye umwaka umwe ngo isoko rusange ry’Afurika (AfCFTA) ritangire gushyirwa mu bikorwa, u Rwanda ngo ruracyafite imbogamizi y’ibikorwaremezo bizarufasha kwinjira neza muri urwo rujya n’uruza rw’ibicuruzwa hagati y’ibihugu by’Afurika.

Umuyobozi mu Rwanda w’Ikigo gifasha mu kongera umusaruro w’ubucuruzi mu bihugu by’Umuryango w’Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (Trade Mark East Africa), Patience Mutesi, yavuze ko biteze ko uku kwezi kwa Werurwe 2019 kuzarangira ibuhugu 22 bikenewe ngo isoko rusange ry’Afurika ritangire bizaba byaramaze gusinya.

Yagize ati “Kugeza ubu, ibihugu 19 byamaze gusinya ku buryo ibintu bigenze neza uku kwezi kuzarangira ibihugu 22 bikenewe bimaze gusinya noneho isoko rusange ry’Afurika rikazatangira gushyirwa mu bikorwa muri Kamena umwaka utaha.”

Alice Twizeye, Umuyobozi Mukuru ushinzwe Ubucuruzi bwamukiranya imipaka (external trade), yasabye abashakashatsi gushyira imbaraga mu gushakira igisubizo ibijyanye n’ubwikorezi kuko ngo ari bwo buzafasha u Rwanda kungukira muri iryo soko rusange.

Yagize ati “Iyo twirebyeho nka kimwe mu bihugu by’Afurika bidakora ku nyanja, dusanga kugira ngo ducuruze tugomba kubanza kugira ibikorwaremezo by’ubwikorezi nka imihanda myiza, inzira ya gari yamoshi n’ibindi.”

Twizeye yavuze kandi ko u Rwanda runakeneye kongera imbaraga n’ubushobozi mu ishoramari kugira ngo rufashe abikorera kwibona mu bandi mu isoko rusange rya Afurika.

Ati “Twagombye no gutekereza mu buryo bw’ishoramari tukamenya ngo abacuruzi bacu biteguye ku ruhe rwego haba mu bucuruzi bwo ku mugabane no hanze yawo kugira ngo dushobore gucuruza hagati yacu.”

Seth Kwizera, Umuyobozi wa EPRN, na we avuga ko ibyakozwe ari byinshi kugira ngo isoko rusange ry’Afurika ritangire, ariko ngo hakaba hari ibindi bikwiye kubanza kunozwa birimo ikoranabuhanga ryo gukusanya imisoro muri urwo rujya n’uruza rw’ibicuruzwa.

Agira ati “Kugeza ubu amategeko yacu amenshi ntarahuzwa, ku buryo wenda ngiye gucuruza nko muri Malawi nasanga amategeko yahoo atanyorohereza.”

Ni mu gihe, Prof Herman Musaraha, umwe mu bashakashatsi ba EPRN akaba n’Umwarimu muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, avuga ko kugira ngo isoko rusange ry’Afurika ritange umusaruro bisaba ubushake bwinshi bwa politiki cyane ko Afurika ihora mu bibazo bya politiki by’urudaca ndetse akenshi usanga binabangamira urujya n’uruza rw’ibicuruzwa.

Agira ati “None se mwaba muvuga ngo murashaka gukora isoko rusange mutumvikana? Ntibikunda kuko ni ngombwa ngo igicuruzwa kimwe kive mu gihugu kimwe kige mu kindi ku bhuryo abaturage bumva babyishimiye.”

Cyakora, Musaraha avuga ko ibibazo ntaho bitaba, usanga no mu bihugu bigize Umuryango w’Ibihugu by’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi (EU) habamo kutumvikana ku kintu runaka, ariko bo bagakora ku buryo bitabangamira urujya n’uruza rw’ibicuruzwa.

Agaruka ku buryo ubushake bwa politiki bwabera inzitizi gahunda nziza, yatanze urugero ku makimbirane yigeze kuba mu Muryango w’Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC) wa kera wari ugizwe na Tanzania, Tanganyika, Kenya na Uganda ku buryo byanatumye ifaranga rusange bakoreshaga hagati 1917-1978 rizimira buri gihugu kigashyitaho politiki y’ifaranga ryacyo.