Abayobozi, abashoramari n’impuguke bari mu nama i Kigali ku matariki ya 12-13/02/2015, biga ku iterambere ry’isoko ry’imari n’imigabane muri Afurika y’uburasirazuba; bibajije niba isoko ry’imari n’imigabane ryakemura ibibazo by’ubukene kurusha inkunga ibihugu biri mu nzira y’amajyambere bihabwa.

Abatanga ibiganiro benshi batangiye bavuga ko isoko ry’imari n’imigabane ryuzuzanya n’inkunga ku buryo byombi byakomeza guhabwa agaciro no gutezwa imbere; ariko Perezida Kagame we yagaragaje igitekerezo gitandukanye, aho yagize ati “Iki kibazo kiganirwaho gusa muri Afurika, nta handi bashobora kugereranya inkunga n’ibijyanye n’isoko ry’imari n’imigabane”.

Perezida Kagame avuga ko nta handi bashobora kugereranya inkunga n’isoko ry’imari n’imigabane uretse muri Afurika.

“Mbere ya byose, inkunga ni politiki kurusha ibindi byose, mu gihe amasoko y’imari yo ntaho abogamiye; mubirebye ku isi hose, mwasanga inkunga yakoreshwa mu kubarwanya; icyo gitekerezo ngitanze kugira ngo abaganira barebe niba batahindura ikiganiro”, Perezida Kagame.

Umukuru w’Igihugu yatangije iyi nama y’iminsi ibiri asaba ko mu guteza imbere isoko ry’imari n’imigabane hatarebwa amafaranga gusa; ahubwo abayatanga (abaturage b’ibihugu) bagomba gutezwa imbere, ndetse hakabaho kwita ku ikoranabuhanga no kurema icyizere mu bantu hashingiwe ku ishyirwaho ry’amategeko ahamye akumira ruswa n’indi mico mibi.

Iyo inkunga igereranyijwe n’amasoko y’imari, ngo usanga inkunga zifite ingaruka mbi cyane kurusha ubundi buryo bwose igihugu cyabonamo amafaranga, nk’uko byashimangiwe na Ministiri w’imari n’igenamigambi, Amb. Claver Gatete, wahise atangaza ko Leta y’u Rwanda igiye gukomeza kugurisha ku isoko ry’imari n’imigabane impapuro mpeshwamwenda (treasury bonds) n’imwe mu mishinga yari isanzwe ari iya Leta.

Minisitiri Gatete atangaza ko Leta y’u Rwanda igiye gukomeza kugurisha ku isoko ry’imari n’imigabane impapuro mpeshwamwenda.

“Abanyafurika twateze amaboko kuva kera, ariko ndabona turi mu bihe byo guhindura uburyo”, nk’uko Umuyobozi wa Banki nkuru y’igihugu cya Tanzania, Benno Ndulu, yashimangiye ko abanyafurika, by’umwihariko abaturage bo muryango wa Afurika y’uburasirazuba, bafite amahirwe menshi babyaza umusaruro kurusha gutegereza inkunga.

Impamvu yo gushakira amafaranga mu isoko ry’imari n’imigabane ngo ni uko ku bw’amahirwe ubukungu bw’ibihugu by’Afurika burimo kuzamuka (ku kigero kiri hagati ya 5%-6%), ariko na none ibihugu byatangaga inkunga bikaba birimo kuyigabanya, ishoramari naryo ngo rikagenda rigabanuka mu bihugu bitaratera imbere nk’uko Ministiri Gatete yabivuze.

Ibigo by’imari n’imigabane byo mu muryango wa Afurika y’Uburasirazuba, birateganya gukorera hamwe, kubaka ibikorwaremezo bikenewe mu rwego rw’imari, ndetse no gukangurira abanyamafaranga kugura imigabane n’impapuro mpeshwamwenda, kugira ngo haboneke amafaranga yo gushora mu mishinga ibyara inyungu.

Jin-Yong Cai, umuyobozi mukuru wa IFC na Perezida w’u Rwanda, Paul Kagame.

Mu mwaka wa 2008, abanyarwanda bangana na 21% nibo bitabiraga kuzigama muri za banki n’ibigo by’imari bito; ariko kuri ubu Leta irishimira ko ikigero cy’abazigama mu buryo bwanditswe mu ma banki n’ibigo by’imari biciriritse kingana na 42%; ndetse abitabira kuzigama mu buryo bwanditse n’ubutanditse bose bakaba bageze kuri 72%, nk’uko Ministiri w’imari n’igenamigambi yabisobanuye.

Nyamara ku bahanga mu by’imari, ngo ibi sibyo byashingirwaho byonyine mu kubona amafaranga ahabwa abikorera kugira ngo bateze imbere ubukungu bw’igihugu, ahubwo uburyo bwo kugura imigabane n’impapuro mpeshwamwenda, bukaba ari bwo bugaragaza kuba aribwo buboneye.

Inama mpuzamahanga yateguwe na Leta y’u Rwanda ifatanije n’Ikigo mpuzamahanga cy’imari cya Banki y’isi (IFC), ikaba yitabiriwe n’abantu bagera kuri 450 barimo abayobozi b’amabanki atandukanye, ibigo bicuruza itumanaho, ibigo bisanzwe bigurisha imigabane mu Rwanda byiyongereyeho banki ya Equity, abayobozi mu nzego zishinzwe imari z’ibihugu bitandukanye byo ku isi hamwe n’abashakashatsi.

Simon Kamuzinzi