Ni ijambo rishobora gukoreshwa mu buhinzi cyangwa n’ahandi bashaka kwerekana ibintu bibiri byahujwe kugira ngo bikore nk’ikintu kimwe, ari nabyo bihita byitwa ‘Hybrid’.

Iyo bigeze ku modoka za ‘Hybrid’ ni zimwe zikoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mashanyarazi, ariko nanone zigakoresha n’imbaraga za moteri isanzwe ya lisansi cyangwa mazutu.

Urwego rw’ubwikorezi mu Rwanda muri rusange rugize 7% by’umusaruro mbumbe w’Igihugu, rukaba rwihariye 14% by’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere mu Rwanda, mu gihe ku isi rwihariye 25% by’ibihumanya ikirere.
Mu rwego rwo kurushaho gukumira no guhangana n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, mu 2021 Leta y’u Rwanda yigomwe amafaranga y’imisoro agera kuri miliyoni zirenga 498 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda yari kwishyurwa n’abarimo kwinjiza imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi mu gihugu, kugira ngo zirusheho kwitabirwa.

N’ubwo bimeze bityo ariko, bamwe mu batunze izo modoka ndetse n’abahanga mu kuzikora, baravuga ko bateri zazo zatangiye kugira ibibazo kandi nta gihe kirekire bazikoresheje, bityo bigatuma batangira gukoresha gusa uburyo bw’ibikomoka kuri peteroli.

Umwe mu bazitunze ati “Ushobora kuyikoresha nk’amezi abiri ikakwereka ko yangiritse, ariko iyo uyihinduye nta kindi kibazo yongera kugira.”

Umwe mu bahanga bazikora ati “Urebye izo tumaze kwakira izatangiye kugira ibibazo ni izakozwe guhera 2011 kugeza nibura 2014, ariko inyinshi usanga ziza zararangije garanti, cyangwa se hasigayemo nk’umwaka umwe.”

Kugeza ubu mu Rwanda ukenera kugura no gusimbuza bateri nshya y’izo modoka, bimusaba ikiguzi cy’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni enye, ibituma abenshi mu batunze izo mu bwoko bwa Hybrid, iyo bateri yayo igize ikibazo bahitamo gukoresha uburyo bw’ibikomoka kuri peteroli.

Mu kiganiro aheruka kugirana na RBA, Umuyobozi w’Ihuriro ry’abatumiza bakanacuruza moto n’imodoka z’amashanyarazi mu Rwanda, Donald Kabanda, yavuze ko ibibazo bya bateri z’izo modoka bishingiye ku kuba hagurwa izimaze igihe.

Yagize ati “Igisubizo cyaba ari ukugura inshya, nibura ukavuga uti imodoka iri munsi y’imyaka itanu, icyo gihe uba uvuga uti iracyafite ubuzima buri bube mu Rwanda cyangwa ahandi uyiguze uyijyana mu gihe runaka gifatika, hejuru y’imyaka icumi.”

Arongera ati “Uyu munsi iyo uguze ishaje, uba uvuga uti n’ubundi ubuzima bwayo bwatangiye kwangirika ugasanga biteje ikibazo, igisubizo ni uko haza imodoka zitarengeje imyaka itanu zikozwe, kugira ngo nibura zizatangire kugira ibibazo abantu bamaze kuzikoresha, igihe kirekire.”

Impuguke mubijyanye n’ibidukikije zisanga hatagize igikorwa kugira ngo mu gihugu hajye hinjira imodoka zifite bateri zigifite ubuzima, byabangamira politiki yo kuzifashisha mu kugabanya ihumana ry’ikirere.

Dr. Maniragaba agira ati “Abantu baziguze baba barasonewe imosoro, urumva Leta iba yarahombye, kubera ko umuntu niba asonewe imisoro nyuma y’igihe gito ya bateri twari dutegereje ikaba itakiduhaye serivisi tuyikeneyeho, ahubwo ikaba ikoresha ibikomoka kuri peteroli, urumva nacyo n’igihombo ku musoro wagombaga kugenda kuri iyo modoka leta yasoneye uwo wayiguze.”

Yungamo ati “Bivuze ngo izo modoka uburyo twazishigikiyemo ni uburyo nyabwo ariko bunagomba kureberwa hirya cyane, ku buryo nk’imodoka zivanga ibikomoka kuri peteroli n’amashanyarazi hakarebwa ku buryo hatumizwa bateri zifite igihe kirekire, zishobora kudufasha guhangana n’ikirere cyacu cyamaze kwandura.”

Kugeza ubu mu Rwanda habarurwa imodoka zirenga 7000 ubariyemo izikoresha amashanyarazi yonyine n’iziyakoresha hamwe na lisansi (Hybrid).

Mu 2022, imodoka z’amashanyarazi zinjiye mu gihugu zari 134, mu gihe iza Hybrid zari 520. Mu 2023, imodoka z’amashanyarazi zageze ku 103 mu gihe iza Hybrid zinjiye ari 2.386.

Umwaka ushize wa 2024, wabaye agahebuzo kuko umubare w’izinjiye nta kindi gihe wigeze ubaho, aho nk’imodoka z’amashanyarazi zinjiye zari 218, mu gihe iza Hybrid zo zinjiye mu gihugu ari 3.726. Muri rusange, imodoka z’amashanyarazi ziri mu Rwanda guhera mu 2020 ni 512 mu gihe iza Hybrid ari 7.172, ugendeye ku zari mu gihugu kugeza muri Nzeri umwaka ushize wa 2024.

Mu rwego rwo korohereza abafite imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi n’izindi zifite aho zihuriye nayo, hirya no hino by’umwihariko mu Mujyi wa Kigali hatangiye kubakwa za sitasiyo zishobora gucagingirwaho izo modoka, aho nk’Ikigo gicuruza imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi n’ibikoresho bijyana na zo, KABISA, cyatangaje ko kirimo gushyira mu bikorwa umushinga wo kubaka sitasiyo ya mbere mu Karere y’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, izajya ifasha mu kuzongerera umuriro mu gihe gito.

Ni gahunda iri mu zigize umushinga mugari wo gushyiraho chargers zo ku rwego rwo hejuru zambukiranya imipaka, ku buryo umuntu ufite nk’ikamyo y’amashanyarazi atazajya agira impungenge zo kubura aho ayongerera umuriro, mu gihe ava nko mu Rwanda ajya mu kindi gihugu.

Ni umushinga bateganya gukorera mu bihugu bya Afurika y’Iburasirazuba, ku ikubitiro watangiriye mu Rwanda, aho mu minsi iri imbere bateganya gutaha ku mugaragaro ‘supercharger’ iri kubakwa i Kanombe.
Izajya itanga umuriro wa kilowatt 240, ibe yakongerera umuriro imodoka esheshatu icyarimwe, aho imodoka izajya yuzurira iminota iri hagati ya 10 na 30 bitewe n’umuriro wari usanzwemo.

Gahunda ya leta y’u Rwanda ni uko nibura muri buri kilometero 100 ku mihanda hagomba kuboneka sitasiyo y’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.

Leta yakuyeho umusoro ku nyongeragaciro (VAT) ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, ibyuma bisimbura ibindi, batiri zazo n’ibikoresho bikenerwa mu kuzongeramo umuriro.

Ibyo byatumye nko mu 2019, imisoro leta yigomwe ingana na miliyoni 26,7 Frw; mu 2020 iba miliyoni 101,6 Frw, mu gihe mu 2021 yageze kuri miliyoni 498,7 Frw.

Raporo y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe imisoro n’amahoro (RRA) yo mu mwaka wa 2022/23, igaragaza ko leta yigomye imisoro ingana na miliyari 4,6 Frw kubera izi modoka.

Icyakora, Leta yashyizeho gahunda yo gutangira gusoresha imodoka za hybrid guhera mu mpera z’uyu mwaka, ndetse n’iz’amashanyarazi guhera mu 2029.

Imodoka zifashisha amashanyarazi zatangiye gukorwa cyane kuva mu 2008 biturutse ahanini ku mpungenge Isi yagize ku izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli ndetse no kuba ibihugu byinshi byari bishyize imbere imishinga yatuma hagabanuka ibyuka bihumanya ikirere.