Uruganda rwa RAB rutunganya ‘Azote’ rwatumye intanga ziterwa inka zitongera gutumizwa hanze

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Marie Claire Joyeuse

23-04-2021 - 14:28' | Ibitekerezo ( )

Umuyobozi w’agashami gashinzwe gutera intanga no kuvugurura icyororo muri RAB, Dr. Christine Kanyandekwe, avuga ko kuri ubu mu Rwanda hakenerwa intanga zo gutera inka hagati y’ibihumbi 120 n’ibihumbi 140 ku mwaka, ubu izo ntanga zikaba zose zisigaye zitunganyirizwa mu Rwanda kubera uruganda rw’umwuka wa Azote ukenerwa ruri muri RAB i Rubona.

Mu rugada imbere ahatunganyirizwa azote ibikwamo intanga

Mbere y’umwaka wa 2008, ku mwaka wose u Rwanda rwakeneraga intanga zibarirwa mu bihumbi bitanu gusa, ariko kandi na zo rukazigura hanze.

Kwiyongera kw’intanga zifashishwa bituruka kuri gahunda yo gushishikariza aborozi kutabangurira inka zabo ku bimasa mu rwego rwo kuzirinda indwara no kuvugurura icyororo, byanajyaniranye n’uko guhera muri 2008 mu Rwanda batangiye kuzajya bazibikira, aho kuzitumiza mu mahanga nk’uko byagendaga mbere.

Ibyo byanajyaniranye no gushyiraho uruganda rutunganya umwuka wa azote/nitrogen, ari na wo ukonjeshwa kugera kuri dogere -196, hanyuma ukaba ari wo ubikwamo intanga, kuwutumiza hanze y’u Rwanda na byo byahise bihagarara.

Byajyaniranye kandi no kugenda bahugura abaveterineri bigenga ku gutera inka intanga, bakanahabwa ibikoresho byo kwifashisha byabatwara amafaranga abarirwa muri miliyoni n’igice baramutse babyishakiye ku giti cyabo.

Azote yifashishwa iba isukika, ariko iyo ivuye mu icupa igahura n'ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere ihinduka nk'igihu

Uruganda rwa mbere rukora azote rwubatswe mu Rubilizi, hanyuma bimaze kugaragara ko rutihagije, muri 2018 hubakwa n’urundi i Rubona, na ho ubu hari n’imfizi zitanga intanga zikenewe.

Muri rusange inka ziri mu Rwanda zibarirwa muri miliyoni n’ibihumbi 300. Kuba kugeza ubu hakenerwa intanga hagati y’ibihumbi 120 n’140 ku mwaka bigaragaza ko hakiri aborozi benshi bakibangurira inka zabo ku bimasa.

Dr. Kanyandekwe agira ati “Kugeza ubu muri Gicumbi no muri Rwamagana ni bo bamaze kugera ku rugero rushimishije rwo guteza inka intanga. Ubu turimo gushyira imbaraga mu gushishikariza n’abo mu bindi bice by’u Rwanda kubyitabira”.

Anavuga ko biturutse ku bwiyongere bw’abakenera serivise zo guteresha intanga, bashobora kuzubaka urundi ruganda rutunganya azote, n’ubwo rutwara amafaranga menshi.

Nk’urw’i Rubona rwatwaye amafaranga abarirwa muri miliyoni 600. Rufite ubushobozi bwo gutunganya litiro 20 za azote mu isaha.

Azote ikurwa mu mwuka wo mu kirere

Eng. Jean Paul Hagenimana, umukozi wo mu ruganda rutunganya azote i Rubona, asobanura ko umwuka wa Azote bawukura mu kirere hifashishijwe imashini yabugenewe, igahereza iwubika, na yo igahereza iwumisha ikanawusukura.

Nyuma yaho wa mwuka ukomereza mu mashini iwuyungururamo uwa azote, na yo ikawohereza mu iwukonjesha kugera ku bukonje bwa dogere 196 munsi ya zeru (-196o C) bituma uhinduka amazi (usukika).

Iyo azote ikonje cyane kandi isukika (imeze nk’amazi) ni yo ibikwamo intanga ntizipfe. Ibikwa mu matanki yabugenewe atuma igumana bwa bukonje.

Ikimasa cyurira ahabugenewe cyanatojwe kurira, kigategwa icyagereranywa n'igitisna cy'inka, kigasohoreramo

Icyakora, ufunguye icupa ribikwamo intanga abona umwotsi usohokamo. Eng. Hagenimana asobanura ko ari ya azote y’amazi ihinduka umwuka umuntu yagereranya n’igihu, iyo ihuye n’ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere.

Dr. Christine avuga ko uretse kubika intanga z’amatungo, azote inifashishwa no kwa muganga mu kubika intanga cyangwa ibice by’umubiri (tissus) bishobora kwifashishwa mu buvuzi.

Kwa muganga ngo bayibahera amafaranga ibihumbi bitanu (5000Frw) ku kilo, angana n’ibiba byatanzwe kugira ngo igerweho, nta nyungu ibariyemo.

Ibyo birumvikanisha ko kwikorera azote byatumye hari amafaranga menshi yagendaga mu kujya kuyigura muri Uganda ubu yifashishwa mu bindi, icyakora na none, ngo igikomeye ni ukuba nta gihe gitakara mu kujya kuyishakisha.