Mu gihe igihe cy’umuhindo gitangira muri Nzeri ari cyo cyari gisanzwe kigwamo imvura ihagije, abahinzi bagahinga biteguye kubona umusaruro mwiza, muri uyu mwaka wa 2022 si ko byagenze kuko mu bice byinshi by’Igihugu yaguye mu kwezi kwa cyenda abantu bakihutira guhinga, yagera hagati ikabura, ikongera kugwa ahagana mu mpera z’umwaka, ari nta cyo ikiramiye kuri bamwe.

Ibi byatumye abahinzi bongera gushishikarizwa kudategereza imvura igihe cyose ngo babashe guhinga, ahubwo bagashaka uko bajya buhira imyaka yabo, cyane ko na Leta yashyizeho nkunganire ku bagura ibikoresho byo kuhira.

Uwari Minisitiri w’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu, Jean Marie Vianney Gatabazi, ubwo tariki 1 Ugushyingo 2022 yagendereraga Intara y’Iburasirazuba, agamije kwifatanya n’abahinzi mu muganda wo gushyira ifumbire ku bigori (Ni ifumbire abahinzi bahawe na Leta) no kuhira imyaka, hagamijwe kongera umusaruro no guhangana n’amapfa, yasabye abaturage ko aho bishoboka bakoresha uburyo bwo kuhira kugira ngo bahangane n’ikibazo cy’amapfa, mu gihe bamwe bagaragazaga ikibazo cya mazutu ikoreshwa muri moteri zifashishwa mu kuhira, ihenze.

Yagize ati “Ibikoresho byo kuhira birahari kandi biriho Nkunganire ya Leta, abantu bashobora no kwishyira hamwe bakabigura. Ikigaragara muri iyi minsi mazutu igiciro cyarazamutse, ariko n’ubwo izamuka iboneka ku giciro kiri hasi kuko na yo Leta iyitangaho Nkunganire, bigatuma igiciro cyayo kidatumbagira.”

Izuba ryacanye igihe kirekire cyari kitezwemo imvura nyuma y’uko mu gihe cy’ihinga cy’ijagasha cyari cyakibanjirije ho imvura yari yaguye ari nyinshi, ikangiza imyaka hirya no hino mu bishanga.

Nko muri Werurwe, Kigali Today yanditse ko imvura nyinshi yangije imyaka yari mu gishanga cya Mugogo mu Karere ka Musanze, cyaherukaga gutunganywa kuko cyari cyongeye kurengerwa n’amazi.

I Kayonza na ho, muri Mata imvura nyinshi yangije Hegitari 34 zari zihinzeho Soya mu gishanga cya Rwakabanda mu Murenge wa Murundi, abahinzi bagahomba miliyoni 12 z’Amafaranga y’u Rwanda bari bamaze gushoramo.

Ku bw’ibi biza byombi (izuba n’imvura byinshi), abahinzi bakomeje kwibutswa kuzajya bafatira ibihingwa byabo ubwishingizi, abafite imirima mitoya bakaba bakwibumbira mu makoperative kugira ngo babashe gufatira ubwishingizi hamwe, kuko ngo byagaragaye ko abahinzi banini ari bo bakunze kubwitabira, kandi ubundi abatoya ari bo baba babukeneye kurusha “kuko bo iyo bahuye n’ibihombo imiryango yabo ihura n’inzara.”

Abafashe ubwishingizi bishyuwe amafaranga 595,891,158Frw muri uyu mwaka mu gihembwe cy’ihinga A &B 2022.

Hadutse udukoko twangiza imyaka

Ihindagurika ry’ikirere ryateye imvura n’izuba bitabereye abahinzi ryanatumye hirya no hino mu gihugu hagaragara udukoko twangiza imyaka.

Nko mu turere twa Gatsibo na Kayonza hadutse udusimba turya ubwatsi bw’amatungo ndetse n’imyaka, ku buryo umurima tugezemo nta musaruro uba witezweho. Utwo dusimba ngo ni utunyabwoya tugenda cyane kandi twororoka cyane, dufite imbaraga zidasanzwe. Imyaka twonnye uba wagira ngo yumishijwe n’izuba, naho ubwatsi twonnye bwo turabukokora hagasigara udukoni duhagaze.

Mu Turere twa Nyagatare, Gatsibo na Bugesera, mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba ndetse na Nyanza na Ruhango mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo, hagaragaye udusimba tuba mu butaka tumeze nk’iminyorogoto, twangiza imyaka.

Abashinzwe ubuhinzi bagiriye abahinzi inama yo kujya bakoresha ifumbire y’imborera iboze neza ndetse no guhinga bageza isuka hasi kugira ngo badukure mu butaka aho tuba twihishe.

Mu kiyaga cya Kivu mu gace ka Minova muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, mu ntangiriro za Kamena 2022 habonetse amafi areremba yapfuye, hakekwa ko yaba yarishwe na gaz iri muri iki gice cy’ikiyaga cya Kivu, ariko nyuma yaho ikigo OVG gishinzwe gukurikirana imihindugurikire y’ibirunga cyaje gutangaza ko ayo mafi yishwe n’ibindi bitari gaz.

Hirya no hino mu Rwanda kandi hagaragaye udusimba tw’utumatirizi twangiza ibiti by’mbuto, cyane cyane imyembe, ari na yo twagaragayeho mbere.

Germain Nkima, umushakashatsi muri RAB, yatangarije Kigali Today ko mu kurwanya utu dusimba “Ikintu cya mbere umuhinzi agomba gukora ni ugukonorera igiti, akagifumbira kugira ngo kigire imbaraga, kirememo ubudahangarwa, bityo utwo dusimba nituza dusange ubwacyo gifite ubwirinzi.”

Mu Karere ka Nyamagabe ho hari abahinzi bavuga ko bahoze bahinga marakuja n’ibinyomoro bikabaha amafaranga, ariko ubu bakaba basigaye babihinga amababi akikunja, bigatuma barumbya.

Bagiriwe inama yo kudahinga imbuto babonye zose, kandi ko igihe bazihinze mu murima runaka batagomba kuzisubizamo, bakirenza igihe, abahinga ibinyomoro bo bakirinda kubihingana n’ibindi bihingwa by’ibisantobo nk’intoryi kuko ari byo bibizanira indwara.

Ubuhinzi bw’imbuto, ibigori n’imyumbati

Hagendewe kuri gahunda yatangajwe na Minisitiri w’Intebe, Dr Edouard Ngirente, y’ibiti byibura bitatu by’imbuto ku rugo, hari abaturage bavuga ko na bo bumva akamaro kazo, ariko ko kubona ingemwe bibagora.

Nk’abatuye mu Murenge wa Mbazi mu Karere ka Nyamagabe, bagaragaje icyifuzo cyo gufashwa kwishyiriraho pepiniyeri yazo byibura muri buri kagari, naho i Ruhashya mu Karere ka Huye bagaragaza icyifuzo cy’uko bahabwa avoka, imyembe, intababara n’amapapayi.

Naho ku bijyanye n’ubuhinzi bw’ibigori, ababihinga bishimiye kuba Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi yarashyizeho igiciro cy’amafaranga 235 ku kilo cy’ibihunguye na 315 ku kilo cy’ibiri ku mahundo, ariko na none bifuza gufashwa ko ibyo biciro byakurikizwa kuko nk’i Nyagatare, muri Gashyantare abacuruzi batangaga 200 ku kilo cy’ibihunguye.

Icyakora hari n’abagiye bishyurwa amafaranga arenze ariya n’ubwo hari abayemerewe ntibayahabwe nk’abahinga mu gishanga cya Cyogo i Nyamagabe, batanze ibigori byabo biteguye kwakira amafaranga 460 ku kilo muri Kamena, ariko bakaba bari batarayabona ubwo bavuganaga na Kigali Today ahagana mu mpera z’Ugushyingo.

Mu Karere ka Burera hari abahinze imbuto RHMH 1520 byageze muri Gashyantare barira ayo kwarika kubera yabarumbiye. Icyakora, iyo mbuto ntiyarumbiye abahinzi bose, byatumye abo yarumbiye baba bahawe indi, mu gihe hari gufatwa ingamba zo gufasha abahinzi kumenya uko yitabwaho.

Naho abahinzi b’imyumbati b’i Kaduha mu Karere ka Nyamagabe, beretswe uburyo bwo kuyihinga mu myobo butuma itanga umusaruro ufatika, ab’i Kibilizi muri Nyanza bo bishimira kampani AMPG Ltd yaje gutuburira iwabo imbuto y’imyumbati ikomoka ku ngemwe zatunganyirijwe muri Laboratwari za RAB, kuko byabahaye icyizere cyo kuzabona imbuto nziza, yera, mu bihe biri imbere.

Ibihingwa ngengabukungu-Igiciro cy’ikawa cyarazamutse

Abahinzi b’ikawa bishimiye kuba igiciro cyayo cyarikubye kabiri, kuko igiciro fatizo cy’ikilo cy’ibitumbwe cyavuye ku mafaranga 248 cyaguraga muri 2021, kigashyirwa kuri 410 Frw.

Ibi byatumye abahinzi batangira kongera ubuso bayihingaho, by’umwihariko mu Mirenge ya Kigoma, Simbi, Maraba na Mbazi mu Karere ka Huye bigeze kuyitererwa ku buntu hagati y’umwaka wa 2009 n’uwa 2016, bamwe ntibayiteho igapfa, abandi bakayirimbura, ubu noneho batangiye kuyiterera.

Abahinzi b’ikawa kandi bashishikarijwe kurandura irengeje imyaka 30 itewe, bagatera inshyashya, kuko ishaje itanga umusaruro mukeya, ikabahombya, bikanatuma ijyanwa ku isoko mpuzamahanga iba nkeya ugereranyije n’ikenewe.

Gilbert Gatari, umuyobozi w’Ihuriro ry’abahinzi bohereza ikawa mu mahanga, avuga ko umuti kuri iki kibazo waba ko haboneka urubyiruko ruhagije rwinjira mu buhinzi bwayo, dore ko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe muri 2015 bwagaragaje ko abahinzi ba kawa ahanini ari abafite imyaka guhera kuri 40 kuzamura, urubyiruko ruri muri ubwo buhinzi rukaba rutarenze 20%.

Ubuhinzi bw’icyayi na bwo bugenda butera imbere, kuko ubuso gihingwaho bugenda bwongerwa umunsi ku wundi, ku buryo abagihinga i Nyaruguru batangiye kwifuza kugira abagisarura babigize umwuga.

Mu Karere ka Ngororero ho, abagisoroma (icyayi) bifuje ko bajya bahabwa icyo kunywa kuko ngo bagira uruhare mu gutunganya umusaruro wacyo.

Iki cyifuzo bagihera ku kuba abahinzi b’icyayi bo bagenerwa icyo kunywa, aho buri wese ahabwa ikilo kimwe buri kwezi, kandi akishyura make kuko atanga 300Frw gusa mu gihe ikilo kimwe cy’icyayi cyumye ubusanzwe kigura ibihumbi bitatu (3000Frw).

Abahinzi b’igihingwa cya Patchouli, nyuma y’uko mu mpera za Kanama 2022 abo mu Karere ka Rusizi bagaragarije Perezida Kagame ko bashishikarijwe kugihinga bizezwa isoko n’igiciro cyiza, ariko bakaza kubura abaguzi, bashakiwe Umuhinde Rajnish Awasthi uyobora ikigo ESS Oil, wemeranyijwe n’ubuyobozi bw’Intara y’Iburengeraziba kuzafasha mu buhinzi bwayo no kubona isoko.

Ikibazo cyo kubura isoko cyanagaragajwe n’abahinzi b’igihingwa cya Chia Seeds cyadutse mu Rwanda mu mwaka wa 2018, gitanga icyizere cy’ubukire kuko ikilo cyaguraga amafaranga ibihumbi bitatu, ariko muri uyu mwaka wa 2022 icyizere cy’abahinzi bari bamaze no kwiyongera cyarayoyotse kuko babuze isoko, sosiyete Akens and Kernels Ltd yari yabijeje kubagurira ikaba ubu ibarimo umwenda urenga Miliyari.

Tariki 19 Ukwakira 2022, Minisitiri w’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu n’uw’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi bagiranye inama n’abahagarariye abahinzi b’iki gihingwa, ndetse na sosiyete Akens and Kernels, iyi sosiyete yiyemeza gushaka umuti.

Inama mpuzamahanga ku buhinzi

Tukivuga ku by’inama ziga ku gukemura ibibazo biri mu buhinzi, u Rwanda, mu bihe bitandukanye rwakiriye inama mpuzamahanga zivuga ku iterambere ry’ubuhinzi.

Guhera ku itariki ya 5 kugeza ku ya 9 Nzeri, habaye iy’ihuriro mpuzamahanga ku iterambere ry’ubuhinzi muri Afurika (AGRF). Ayitangiza ku mugaragaro, Ministiri w’Intebe, Dr Edouard Ngirente, yahamagariye ibihugu bya Afurika kongera ishoramari mu bikorwaremezo by’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi, kugira ngo uyu mugabane ubashe kwihaza mu biribwa.

Ibi kandi ngo bigomba kujyanirana no kwifashisha ifumbire n’imbuto za kijyambere ndetse n’ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi, kandi leta n’abikorera bagafatanya.

Yavuze kandi ko gukemura ikibazo cy’ibiribwa bidahagije muri Afurika, ahubwo ko bigomba kujyanirana no kugabanya umusaruro w’ibiribwa wangirika udakoreshejwe kuko ngo ubarirwa hagati ya 30% na 40% by’umusaruro wose mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere.

Guhera ku itariki ya 7 kugeza ku ya 9 Ukuboza habaye iy’abagize Inteko zishinga Amategeko baharanira iterambere ry’ubuhinzi n’imirire muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba, basaba Guverinoma z’ibihugu kongera ingengo y’imari zigenera ubuhinzi n’indi mirimo ishamikiye ku buhinzi n’ubworozi.

Impuzamashyirahamwe y’abahinzi mu Karere ka Afurika y’Iburasirazuba na yo, mu nama yagiriye i Kigali mu mpera z’Ukwakira yari yagaragaje ko itewe impungenge no kuba Leta na Guverinoma z’ibihugu bya Afurika, bikigenda biguru ntege mu gushyira mu bikorwa ibikubiye mu masezerano ya Malabo.

Muri aya masezerano yemejwe n’abakuru b’ibihugu na za Guverinoma bigize Umuryango w’Afurika yunze Ubumwe mu mwaka wa 2014, abategetsi biyemeje kongera ingengo y’imari yagenewe ubuhinzi ikagera nibura ku 10% by’ingengo y’imari y’ibihugu.

Icyakora, u Rwanda rwo rwari rwaratangiye kuyashyira mu bikorwa kuko tariki 30 Nzeri, Minisiteri y’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi mu Rwanda yari yatangaje ko igiye gushora Amafaranga y’u Rwanda asaga miliyari 300 mu bikorwa bitandukanye by’ubuhinzi, hagamijwe kongera umusaruro.

Mu bindi byaranze ubuhinzi n’ubworozi mu mwaka wa 2022, harimo kuba Umworozi w’Ingurube akaba n’Umuyobozi w’Ishyirahamwe ry’abazorora mu Rwanda (Rwanda Pig Farmers Association/RPFA), Jean Claude Shirimpumu, yaratumije mu gihugu cy’u Bubiligi ingurube zigiye kuvugurura ubworozi bwazo mu Rwanda, kuko zirimo izibwagura nibura ibibwana 18 n’izishobora gupima ibiro 500.

Mu rwego rwo kuvugurura icyororo cy’ingurube kandi, RAB yazanye impfizi 13 z’ingurube z’icyororo gishya, gishobora guhangara indwara zafataga ingurube zisanzweho mu Rwanda. Intanga zizikomokaho zigera ku bazikeneye hifashishijwe indege zitagira abapilote zitwa ‘drone’.

Harimo no kuba Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ubugenzuzi bw’ubuziranenge, ihiganwa mu bucuruzi no kurengera umuguzi (RICA), cyaragenzuye uko inyama zitunganywa kugira ngo zigere ku isoko zimeze neza, zizewe.

Ni mu rwego rw’ubukangurambaga bugamije kugira ngo haboneke abantu bakora kinyamwuga mu kubaga no gutunganya inyama, hakaboneka inyama zikase neza zibereye ijisho, ndetse hakazaboneka n’ubwoko butandukanye bw’inyama bujya ku isoko mpuzamahanga.

Aborozi b’i Burasirazuba basabwe kongera umukamo, kugira ngo hazaboneke uhagije wifashishwa n’uruganda rutunganya amata y’ifu ruri hafi kuhuzuzwa. Kugeza ubu ngo Akarere ka Nyagatare kabona umukamo wa litiro 100,000 ku munsi nyamara ari ko kitezweho 60% by’amata yose azakenerwa n’urwo ruganda ruzaba rwakira litiro 500,000 ku munsi.

Naho mu Karere ka Ruhango, aborozi basabwe kutagurisha inyana zivuka ku nka zatewe intanga, kuko iyo babikoze baba bagurishije inka zifite imbaraga kandi zari kuzatanga icyororo cyiza ku bifuza ubworozi bugezweho.

Muri uyu mwaka wa 2022 kandi ifumbire mvaruganda yabaye nkeya ku isoko inarushaho guhenda. Bivugwa ko byaba byaravuye ku ntambara y’Uburusiya na Ukraine. Abaturage bashishikarijwe kugira ibimpoteri mu ngo kugira ngo babashe kubona ifumbire mborera ihagije, yabafasha kubona umusaruro uhagije.

Icyakora, nyuma yo kubona ko izuba ryacanye cyane, Leta y’u Rwanda yatanze ku buntu ifumbire mvaruganda ku bahinga ubutaka bwahujwe ndetse n’abahinze ku butaka burenze hegitari, kandi imyaka yabo ikimeze neza, kugira ngo byibura bo beze ibihagije, abarumbije bazabone aho bahahira.

Abahinzi bo mu Majyaruguru bagaragaje icyifuzo cyo guhugurwa ku ngano y’ifumbire y’imborera ikwiye kwifashishwa mu guhinga nk’uko babwirwa ibipimo by’iy’imvaruganda.

Mu gihe abashakashatsi bemeza ko ibyera ku bihingwa byahinduriwe uturemangingo nta ngaruka n’imwe bigira ku buzima bw’umuntu, ko n’abavuga ko byateza indwara ntacyo bashingiyeho, urubyiruko ruri mu buhinzi n’ubworozi rwibumbiye muri RYAF, rurasaba inzego zibishinzwe, ko itegeko rirebana n’ibyo bihingwa ryakwihutishwa rigashyirwaho umukono.

Ibi ngo byatuma ibyo bihingwa byemererwa guhingwa mu Rwanda no kujya ku masoko yo mu gihugu, bityo n’umusaruro ukiyongera kuko uru rubyiruko rwamenye ko bitanga umusaruro utubutse.