Mu mwaka wa 2050, Abanyarwanda 70% bazaba batuye mu mujyi. Umujyi wa Kigali ku isonga y’indi mijyi 100

Mu bindi bipimo byerekana ubuzima bwiza, u Rwanda rurashaka kugera ku kwihaza mu biribwa ndetse n’imirire inoze mu miryango, ibyiciro byose by’imyaka, kubona amazi (mu ngo) n’isuku bihendutse, birambye, byizewe kandi bigezweho.

Igihugu kandi kirashaka kugera ku buryo bw’imyubakire bwiyubashye kandi bugezweho (SMART), hamwe na interineti yihuta kuri bose.

U Rwanda kandi rushaka kugera ku mijyi igezweho ifite imikoreshereze myiza y’umwanya, imijyi ihujwe, y’icyatsi kibisi/ibanye neza n’abayituye, (urugero nko kuvugurura ingufu, gutunganya imyanda n’ibindi), hamwe n’ imijyi ikeye (SMART).

Igishushanyo mbonera cy’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka n’iterambere cyemejwe n’Inama y’Abaminisitiri, ni cyo kizagaragaza ibigomba gukorwa.

Igishushanyo mbonera cyateguwe n’ikigo gishinzwe imicungire n’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka mu Rwanda, hagendewe ku bitekerezo byatanzwe n’ibigo binyuranye.

Nk’uko byatangajwe na Alexis Rutagengwa, ukuriye ishami rishinzwe ubushakashatsi, imikoreshereze y’ubutaka, igishushanyo mbonera kizakoreshwa mu turere twose n’Umujyi wa Kigali, kigaruka ku gutura no gukoresha ubutaka mu nzego zitandukanye z’ubuzima mu myaka 30 iri imbere.

Ati “Mbere ya byose, iki gishishanyo mbonera gishingiye ku cyerekezo cy’igihugu, hanyuma ku bwiyongere bw’abaturage; abaturage bazakora iki, bazatura he, bazarya iki, iterambere rusange, n’ibindi.

Bizakemura ibibazo byinshi birimo imiturire aho ingo zitatanye, ku buryo buri mushyitsi ugeze mu Rwanda ahita abona ko dufite ikibazo cyo gukemura”.

Ubwo yerekaga umunyamakuru wa Kigali Today (KT Press), icyo gishushanyo mbonera, Marie Grace Nishimwe, umuyobozi w’ishami rishinzwe imicungire y’ubutaka, yibukije ko hari imbogamizi mu micungire y’ibikorwa remezo.

Ati “Ushobora kwiyumvisha ukuntu byari bihenze kugeza amashanyarazi mu mudugudu utuwe utatanye. Mu by’ukuri, igishushanyo mbonera kije gukosora ibibazo biriho no kugena icyerekezo hakurikijwe aho Umunyarwanda agomba kuba ari mu myaka 30 iri imbere”.

Iyi gahunda izirikana ko abaturage b’u Rwanda biyongeraho 2,4% buri mwaka, rukaba ruri mu bihugu byo ku Mugabane wa Afurika bifite ubwiyongere bw’abaturage bwinshi.

Mu mwaka wa 2050, miliyoni 12 z’abaturage zizikuba kabiri bagere kuri miliyoni 22. Ni yo mpamvu, igishushanyo mbonera giteganya kuzana igishushanyo mbonera rusange kiri mu bice bitandatu ari byo: imiturire mu mijyi no mu byaro, ubuhinzi, ibikorwa remezo, ubukerarugendo, iterambere ry’inganda n’ibidukikije.

Imidugudu izahinduka imijyi

Mu Rwanda, hari ibice abaturage batarabona imodoka inyura mu mihanda yaho. Ntabwo byaba ari ugukabya kuvuga ko bamwe mu bakuze muri iyo miryango ya kure batigeze bahagarara hafi y’imodoka.

Ikigaragara cyane kugeza vuba aha, abantu benshi muri utwo duce barinze bitaba Umuremyi wabo batabonye umuhanda wa kaburimbo.

Mu Rwanda, ijambo ‘umujyi’ rishobora gukoreshwa muri ibi bihe, nubwo muri iki gihe abantu benshi bitiranya cyangwa babigambiriye bakavuga ko isantere y’iwabo ari umujyi.

Rurangirwa ati “Ku bijyanye n’iki gishushanyo mbonera, dukeneye gutura hamwe, mu midugudu. Imijyi minini isobanura isoko, ariko, iyo habayeho gutura gutatanye, nta soko riba rihari”.

Mu gishushanyo mbonera, abategura bashyizemo urwego rw’imiturire, aho 70% by’Abanyarwanda bazaba mu mujyi, bavuye kuri 18% uyu munsi.

Bagaragaje inzego eshanu z’umujyi, harimo: Umujyi wa Kigali, imigi itatu uwugwa mu ntege, imijyi umunani yunganira Kigali, imijyi 16 y’uturere, hamwe n’amasantere 76 akomeye.

Rurangirwa ati “Ubona ko ubucuruzi muri izo santere bwibanda gucuruza ibiribwa, gucuruza amatungo n’ibindi. Twasuzumye abafite ubushobozi bwo kwagura turavuga tuti reka tubahe amahirwe yo kwagura ubucuruzi bwabo neza”.

Nyuma ya santere z’ubucuruzi, ahasigaye ho gutura (30%), hazaba ibice by’icyaro no mu midugudu y’icyitegererezo igomba kuba umwe muri buri Kagari k’igihugu.

Rurangirwa agira ati “Turateganya ko hari igihe kizagera imidugudu imwe n’imwe ikajya yinjira mu mijyi ku buryo tuzagera ku mijyi 100%”.

Ubwoko bw’inyubako na bwo bwarateguwe. Mu mijyi, inyubako zigomba kuba nyinshi. Mu gihe mu midugudu y’icyitegererezo, bateganya inzu umunani muri imwe (eight in one), enye muri imwe (four in one) nibindi, ku kigereranyo cya 50%.

Imijyi 100 yo mu Rwanda izaba iri he?

Muri iri genamigambi, igishushanyo mbonera cyatangiriye ku mijyi isanzwe. Urugero, umurwa mukuru w’u Rwanda uzaba Kigali, biteganyijwe ko uzaba utuwe n’abaturage bari hagati ya miliyoni 3 na 3.8 bitarenze 2050. Kwagura umurwa mukuru bizakomeza, hakurikijwe igishushanyo mbonera.

Imijyi igwa mu ntege Kigali izaba Nyamata (Bugesera), Rwamagana na Muhanga. Rurangirwa asobanura iyo mijyi itatu nk’ “inyabutatu ya Zahabu kuri Kigali”.

Buri mujyi muri iyo ufite umwihariko wawo, nk’aho Bugesera igenda ihinduka akarere k’inganda nyuma ya Kigali, ikaba kandi n’agace k’ubwikorezi bitewe n’ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Bugesera.

Ati “Imishinga minini yamaze gushorwamo imari muri Bugesera. Ni na yo mpamvu twiyemeje umuhanda wa gari ya moshi Kigali-Bugesera. Inzira ya gari ya moshi izava Uganda-Kagitumba, n’izava Isaka-Tanzaniya bizahurira i Masaka. Tuzajyana igice mu karere kihariye k’ubukungu kugira ngo ibicuruzwa bishobore kunyura mu nganda”.

Rwamagana mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba, ikigega cy’ibiribwa mu gihugu, kakaba n’agace ka gatatu k’inganda, kagiye kwakira inganda nini zitunganya umusaruro.

Umujyi wa Muhanga, umwe muri itatu igwa mu ntege uwa Kigali

Muhanga ifite umutungo kamere kandi ikaba ikungahaye ku bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro n’ibice biyegereye nka Ngororero na Rutsiro, yiteguye kuba ihuriro ry’ubucukuzi.

Ati “Turi kuva mu bucukuzi bwa gakondo, tujya mu bucukuzi buhaza akarere turimo. Muhanga izakira ibyo bikorwa”.

Iyi mijyi uko ari itatu imaze gukurura abaturage benshi, kandi abayobozi n’inzego zishinzwe imicungire y’ubutaka bemeza ko batangiye kuyitegura mu miturire, mbere yo gukurura akajagari.

Izakira abaturage bari hagati ya 650,000 na miliyoni imwe, abaturage ubu batuye Umujyi wa Kigali, nk’uko ibarura rusange ry’igihugu riheruka (2012) ribitangaza.

Ku mwanya wa gatatu, imijyi yunganira Kigali ni ijambo rimaze kumenyekana mu Rwanda, imijyi umunani izatezwa imbere.

Rubavu, umwe mu mijyi umunani izaba yunganira Kigali

Imijyi umunani irimo imijyi itanu yari yatanzwe mbere mu mijyi itandatu yunganira Kigali, harimo Huye, Rubavu, Musanze, Nyagatare na Rusizi. Imijyi ya Karongi, Kirehe na Kayonza na yo yongewe kurutonde. Iyi ni imijyi iteganyijwe kwakira abaturage bari hagati ya 250,000 na 650,000.

Imijyi 16 y’uturere, ahanini iherereye ahari ibiro by’akarere, ni yo iza ku mwanya wa kane. Na yo irimo imijyi izwi cyane yo muri iki gihugu nka Nyanza, Ruhango, Kamonyi, Gicumbi, Gakenke, n’indi iteganyijwe kuba ituwe n’abaturage bari hagati ya 100,000 na 250,000.

Munsi y’iyi mijyi hari amasantere y’ubucuruzi akomeye 73 yo mu cyaro, hirya no hino mu gihugu cyose.

Byimana, Kinazi, Gitwe-Buhanda muri Ruhango igaragara kuri uru rutonde, ndetse na Kaduha na Gasarenda muri Nyamagabe na Nyagasambu muri Rwamagana.

Musanze ifite Byangabo na Remera-Ruhondo kuri uru rutonde, naho Rulindo ifite Kinihira, Base n’abandi.

Birambo, Shyembe na Mugonero n’ahandi muri Karongi na ho hagaragara ku rutonde rwa santere z’ubucuruzi zikomeye.

Guverinoma, umuturage, cyangwa bombi, ni nde uzubaka imijyi?

Abategura gahunda bemeza ko abaturage bazakomeza kugendana n’impinduka ziteganyijwe uko bagenda bazamuka mu bukungu.

Marie Grace Nishimwe wo mu ishami rishinzwe imicungire y’ubutaka, yagize ati “Hariho ihame ryitwa ‘iterambere ryiyongera’ aho nk’urugero, niba umuntu afite gahunda yo kubaka inyubako y’amagorofa 15, ntazasabwa kuyazamurira rimwe yose”.

Yavuze ko nyir’ubwite azagira amahitamo yo kurangiza icyiciro cya mbere mu gihe runaka no kugera ku byiciro byinshi mu myaka ibiri iri imbere cyangwa irenga, n’ibindi, kugeza ayirangije.

Isantere ya Byangabo, imwe mu zikomeye muri Musanze

Rutagengwa yongeyeho ati “Reka dufate urugero rw’umudugudu w’icyitegererezo. Ku ikubitiro, politiki y’umudugudu w’icyitegererezo yashakaga kuvuga ko abantu bagomba gutura ku muhanda, kandi igitangaje ni uko gahunda zimwe na zimwe zitibukaga no gushyiraho uwo muhanda.

Hagati aho, ibikorwa remezo bizakurikira iyi mijyi, kandi Nishimwe agaragaza ko ibigo bimwe bigeza ku baturage ibikenewe, nk’urugero bizagendera ku buryo bugezweho bwo kubona amazi n’amashanyarazi.

Ati “Buri wese agomba guhabwa, ariko agomba kubahiriza igishushanyo mbonera. Ntabwo bizaba ikibazo cyo cy’uburyo mpuzamahanga bwo kubona amazi meza cyangwa amashanyarazi”.

Umuyobozi mukuru w’ikigo gishinzwe iterambere ry’ubwikorezi mu Rwanda (RTDA), Imena Munyampenda, yatangarije Kigali Today (KT Press), ko icyo kigo gifite uburyo imihanda izagera ahatuwe. Ubwo buryo bwakozwe mu mwaka wa 2012 kandi, “bushobora gukenera guhinduka aho bibaye ngombwa hose”.

Abategura gahunda bemeza ko urugero ku bijyanye n’imidugudu y’icyitegererezo, abantu bamwe bakeneye amakuru bagenderaho mu kwakira impinduka, kugura ibibanza no kubaka.

Imodoka zigendera mu kirere zizaba zageze muri Kigali mu myaka ibiri

Umuyobozi w’Umujyi wa Kigali wungirije ushinzwe iterambere ry’ibikorwa remezo, Eng. Ernest Nsabimana, yabwiye Kigali Today (KT Multimedia) ati “hakozwe byinshi mu gushyira mu bikorwa uyu mushinga”.

Ati “Hari imishinga myinshi. Iyo tuvuze ubwikorezi, tuba tuvuze ibirenze imihanda. Hari n’imodoka zo mu kirere, n’izindi zisaba imihanda yihariye izwi nka PRT”.

Yongeyeho ati “Umushinga wa PRT uracyari mu biganiro n’abashoramari, kandi ibiganiro biratanga icyizere”.

Uyu muyobozi avuga ko kuba Kigali igizwe n’imisozi, imodoka zigendera ku migozi mu kirere ari ingenzi, zikaba kandi zifite akarusho ko kuba zakongera ubukerarugendo muri Kigali.

Yavuze ko ibiganiro hagati ya Minisiteri y’Ibikorwa Remezo, ibigo by’ikoranabuhanga, Urwego rw’Igihugu rw’Iterambere (RDB), ndetse n’abashoramari byarangiye, aho uwo mushinga byagaragaye ko ufite agaciro. Inyigo zisumbuye zikaba zikomereje ku cyiciro cya kabiri.

Ati “Byose nibigenda uko byateguwe, imodoka zigendera ku migozi mu kirere hamwe na PRT bizaba bikora muri Kigali, bitewe n’ibizava mu biganiro”.

Umushinga w’imodoka zigendera ku migozi umaze igihe uvugwa. Umujyi wa Kigali wari wavuze ko izo modoka zigendera ku migozi zazatangira gukoreshwa nibura mu mwaka wa 2050, ariko noneho wiyemeje kuwushyira mu bikorwa mbere.

Nanone ariko, Umujyi wa Kigali uri gukora ibishoboka byose mu kunoza imitwarire y’abantu, mu gihe hitegurwa inama y’ibihugu bikoresha ururimi rw’Icyongereza (CHOGM), iteganyijwe guteranira i Kigali mu mwaka utaha wa 2021.

Muri uko kwitegura, hari kwagurwa imwe mu mihanda, ndetse hakaba n’imihanda mishya yakwifashishwa, ireshya n’ibilometero 24.

Mu mihanda iri kubakwa harimo uwa Mulindi-Rusororo (Intare Conference Arena), Nyabisindu-Green Hills Academy uhuza Nyarutarama na Kibagabaga.

Hari kandi umuhanda wa Alpha Palace-Kabeza, Gishushu-Remera (Controle Technique) unyura imbere y’ibiro by’Akarere ka Gasabo, ukanyura kuri Airtel no kuri Sports View Hotel.

Undi muhanda ni uwa Rwandex-Kimihurura (Mu Myembe). Uyu muhanda wo wamaze kuzura utwaye miliyari 25 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda yatanzwe na Guverinoma y’u Rwanda.

Kabuga yafashwe ku wa Gatandatu tariki 16 Gicurasi 2020, afatirwa mu Bufaransa n’Igipolisi cyaho, nyuma yo kumushakisha ku bufatanye na Polisi y’u Bubiligi, u Bwongereza ndetse n’Urwego rwasigariyeho icyari Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda na Yugoslavia (IRMCT).

Ubuzima bwa Kabuga mu myaka 26 ishize bwaranzwe no kwihishahisha mu bihugu binyuranye, abifashijwemo n’inzego zitandukanye ndetse n’abana be.

Mbere yo kuvuga ku buzima bwe, ubundi kabuga Felicien ni muntu ki?

Amakuru make agaragara mu kirego cye, agaragaza ko Kabuga yavutse mu 1935, avukira ahitwa Mugina, mu cyahoze ari Komini Mukarange, Perefegitura ya Byumba.

Abaturanyi bo mu muryango we mugari, babwiye Kigali Today / KT Press, ko ako gace ubu hasigaye ari mu Kagari ka Gatenga, Umurenge wa Mukarange, Akarere ka Gicumbi mu Ntara y’Amajyaruguru.

Kwitwa “umuterankunga wa Jenoside”, Kabuga yari umucuruzi ukomeye wabanaga bya hafi n’umuryango wa Habyarimana Juvenal wari Perezida w’u Rwanda. Yagize uruhare mu ishingwa rya komite y’agateganyo y’ikigega cy’umutekano w’igihugu (“Comité Provisoire du Fonds de Défense Nationale – FDN”), ayibera umuyobozi, ndetse anaba umuyobozi wa komite nyobozi ya radiyo/televiziyo RTLM.

Kabuga kandi yari umurwanashyaka w’ishyaka ryari ku butegetsi (MRND), rya Perezida Habyarimana, ndetse n’umutwe w’urubyiruko wari urishamikiyeho waje no gushyira mu bikorwa Jenoside.

Kabuga kandi yari umuterankunga w’imena w’iyo mitwe yose, ndetse n’umuterankunga w’ibikorwa byayo byo gutegura, gutera inkunga no gushyira mu bikorwa Jenoside, ibikorwa yahaye imbaraga cyane hagati ya 1990-1994.

Inyandiko y’ikirego cye hari aho igira iti “Mu bindi, uyu mugambi wabibye urwango, irondabwoko no gutsemba Abatutsi, gutoza umutwe witwaza intwaro, no gukora urutonde rw’abantu bagomba kwicwa.

Kabuga avugwaho gutegura, gushishikariza no kwitabira ubwicanyi mu gusohoza uwo mugambi”.

Ni yo mpamvu kuva muri Mata kugera muri Kamena, ku itegeko rya Kabuga, ku bufatanye na Guverinoma y’inzibacyuho, hamwe n’Interahamwe, bahagarikiye banagenzura abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze hamwe n’abaturage bishe Abatutsi mu gihugu hose.

Icyo kirego kiti “Kuva muri Mata 1994, abo bayobozi hamwe n’uwo mutwe n’ingabo, bategetse banitabira ubwicanyi bwibasiye Abatutsi n’Abahutu batari bashyigikiye uwo mugambi mu Rwanda hose. Kabuga yari azi ubu bwicanyi ariko ntiyigeze akoresha imbaraga ze ngo abuhagarike”.

Bigaragara ko Kabuga n’abo bari bafatanyije bari bafite uburyo bukomeye bwabafashaga gutanga amategeko akubahirizwa, ari bwo radiyo/televiziyo RTLM ndetse n’ikinyamakuru Kangura, bivugwa ko Kabuga ari we wari warabishoyemo imari.

“Mu nama yo gukusanya imisanzu ya RTLM, Kabuga yavuze ko RTLM yagombaga kuba radiyo ya “Hutu Power”. Mu Ugushyingo 1993, no muri Gashyantare 1994, Kabuga yahamagajwe n’uwari Minisitiri w’Itangazamakuru, amusaba guhagarika gukwirakwiza ubutumwa bugamije guhembera inzangano".

Bivugwa kandi ko kuva mu 1992, binyuze muri Kompanyi ya Kabuga yitwaga ETS, byavuzwe ko yatumije amatoni y’imihoro, amasuka ndetse n’ibindi bikoresho by’ubuhinzi, byakekwaga ko byari kwifashishwa nk’intwaro mu gihe cy’ubwicanyi.

Hiyongeraho kandi ko Kabuga yaba yaratanze ibikoresho ku Nterahamwe, harimo gutanga intwaro, impuzankano, no kuzitwara mu modoka ze.

Muri Werurwe 1993, bivugwa nanone ko Kabuga yatumije imihoro 5000 muri Kenya.

Bivugwa kandi ko muri Jenoside hagati, Kabuga yakomeje gushka izindi nkunga, mu rwego rwo gukomeza umugambi we.

Bivugwa ko Kabuga yayoboye komite y’ikigega gishinzwe umutekano w’igihugu, mu rwego rwo gushaka inkunga ya Leta y’inzibacyuho mu gutsemba Abatutsi. Icyo kigega cyashyizweho tariki 25 Mata 1994.

Raporo ikubiyemo ikirego cye, ivuga ko icyo kigega cyari cyashyiriweho kugura intwaro, imyambaro ndetse n’imodoka byo gufasha Interahamwe, ndetse no gukwirakwiza intwaro hirya no hino mu gihugu.

“Kabuga yagizwe umuyobozi wa komite y’agateganyo y’icyo kigega, ndetse ni nawe wari wemewe nk’’umusinyateri’ kuri konti z’ikigega”.

Kwihisha imyaka 26

Nkuko bigaragazwa n’inyandiko yemewe n’amategeko, Kabuga yasabye ubuhungiro mu Busuwisi ku itariki ya 22 Nyakanga 1994, kuri viza yemewe. Yaje kugarurwa mu Rwanda ku itariki ya 18 Kanama 1994, ariko abasha guhita ahungira i Kinshasa muri RDC, mnbere y’uko ihuriro ry’Abanyarwanda babaga mu Busuwisi ritanga ikirego kuri we.

Igihugu cy’u Busuwisi cyishyuye urugendo rwe n’abana be barindwi, ku mafaranga 21,302 y’Amasuwisi.

Raporo ivuga ko “Uretse ibyo, mbere yo kwirukanwa, bigaragara ko yabashije kubona uko ajya muri banki yari iri i Geneve, abasha kubikuramo amafaranga”.

Tariki ya 18 Nyakanga 1997, yacitse umukwabu wo kumuta muri yombi wari wiswe “Naki”, wakorewe ahitwa Karen mu murwa mukuru wa Kenya, Nairobi. Bivugwa ko umupolisi w’Umunyakenya yaretse Kabuga akigendera.

Nkuko abagenzacyaha ba ICTR babivuga, Kabuga ngo yaba yarahawe umutekano n’uwari Perezida wa Kenya Daniel Arap Moi. Muri Mata 1998, bivugwa ko Kabuga yagaragaye mu nzu yari iya mwisywa wa Perezida Moi, yari yegeranye n’iy’umuhungu wa Moi.

According to ICTR investigators, Kabuga was reported to be protected Raporo y’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rishinzwe gukurikirana intwaro zaguzwe n’umutwe witwaraga gisirikare wa Leta y’u rwanda, bivugwa ko Kabuga yagaragaye mu burasirazuba bwa Asia muri Nzeri 1998. Nyuma muri 2000, bivugwa ko yahise ajya mu Bubiligi, aho bivugwa ko umugore we atuye.

Tariki ya 11 Kamena 2002, Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika, zatangije ubukangurambaga mu itangazamakuru bwo guta muri yombi Kabuga, ndetse ubwo bukangurambaga bwaje no kugera ku gihembo cya ,iloyoni eshanu z’amadolari ya Amerika, ku muntu wari gutanga amakuru yatuma atabwa muri yombi.