Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima [OMS], rigaragaza ko mu 2021 indwara z’umutima ari zo zatwaye ubuzima bwa benshi aho zahitanye abantu miliyoni 20,5.

Iyi mibare igaragaza ubwiyongere ku rugero rwo hejuru ugereranyije n’abapfuye mu 1990 bangana na miliyoni 12,1. Muri izo mpfu, 80% zigaragara mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere nk’u Rwanda.

Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’izo ndwara no kwita ku bazirwaye by’umwihariko hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga, muri Gicurasi 2024, ibitaro byitiriwe Umwami Faisal (KFH) byatangaje ko abarenga 300 barimo abana bato bari hagati ya 100 na 150 bavuwe umutima hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rituma hadasaturwa igituza, ahubwo hakanyurwa mu mitsi, ibizwi nka ‘Catheterization’.

Catheterization ni uburyo bugezweho, aho kugira ngo umwana bamubage, bifashishwa utwuma tujya kumera nk’urutsinga bakakanyuza mu mitsi hanyuma bakakagenzura hifashishijwe ibyuma byabugenewe biba binafite za ecran nini ikibazo umwana afite kigakosorwa.

Icyakora hari ubwo umuntu aba afite indwara ikomeye isaba ko bamubaga, ariko inzobere mu bijyanye n’indwara z’umutima zikavuga ko aho bigeze ubu ikoranabuhanga riri kunyaruka, ½ cyazo gishobora kuvurwa hifashishijwe ubu buryo.

Ni uburyo buhenda cyane kuko nko ku mwana umwe muri rusange, kumuvura bidashobora kujya munsi ya miliyoni 5 Frw, icyiza kikaba ko abavurirwa muri KFH, bifashisha ubwishingizi, nko ku muntu ukoresha Mituweli akishyura 10% asabwa.

Ntibyagarukiye aho gusa, kuko mu Gushyingo muri uwo mwaka (2024), byatangajwe ko bwa mbere mu Rwanda muri KFH abarwayi batandukanye bafite uburwayi bw’umutima udatera neza, cyane cyane uwihuta (Tachyarrhythmias) bavuwe hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rya ‘Electrophysiology.’

Ubu buvuzi ni ingenzi kuko Abanyarwanda babaga bafite ubu burwayi bakeneraga kujya mu bihugu byo hanze nk’u Buhinde n’ibindi byo mu Burayi cyangwa muri Amerika kwivurizayo.

Electrophysiology ni ikoranabuhanga rihambaye ryifashishwa mu gusuzuma no kuvura indwara z’umutima, ryifashisha ibizwi nka ‘Cardiac catheters’, wasobanura nk’udu ‘tubes’ duto cyane tumeze nk’udutsinga tworohereye, dushyirwa mu mitsi ijyana amaraso mu mutima.

Dukoreshwa mu buvuzi iyo hari gupimwa cyangwa kuvura indwara zimwe na zimwe z’umutima. Dushobora gucishwa mu kaboko, akuguru cyangwa mu ijosi tukagera mu mutima.

Iyo utu du ‘tube’ tumaze kugera aho tugomba kuba turi, dushobora gufasha mu gupima umuvuduko w’amaraso, gufata ibipimo by’amaraso, kumenya uko umutima utera n’ahaturuka ikibazo ufite cyangwa gushyira mu mitsi runaka umuti utuma igaragara byoroshye mu gihe hafatwa ibipimo hifashishijwe X-ray.

Utu du ‘tubes’ kandi twakoreshwa no mu kuvura indwara zitandukanye nko kuzibura imitsi yazibye, gusiba utwobo duto dushobora gucukuka ku mutima ndetse no kuvura umutima utera nabi.

Mu gihe hifashishwa iri koranabuhanga, hafatwa ibipimo by’umutima hakagaragara ahari ikibazo, iyo bibaye ngombwa muganga ashobora gukora ikizwi nka ’ablation’.
‘Ablation’ ni igihe umuganga ahuza akuma kabugenewe na ka ga ‘tube’ gato hakoherezwa ku gice gifite ikibazo ku mutima, ingufu zo mu buryo bw’ubushyuhe ‘radiofrequency’ cyangwa ubukonje ‘cryotherapy’, zigasa nk’izihashiririza.

Aho ubu buryo bukoreshwa ku barwayi benshi, gutera nabi k’umutima guhita guhagarara.

Muri rusange iri koranabuhanga rifasha mu gutahura ahari ikibazo vuba nta kwibeshya ku bijyanye no gutera k’umutima, rikanafasha mu kugikemura bitagoranye.

Ubwo hakorwaga ubu buvuzi mu bitaro bya Faisal, wabaye n’umwanya mwiza wo gutangira guhugura abaganga b’umutima bo mu Rwanda ku bijyanye n’ubu buvuzi bujyanye n’igihe, haharanirwa ko bwazatangira no gutangwa henshi mu gihugu.

Mu kiganiro yagiranye n’Abadepite bagize Komisiyo y’Imiyoborere, Uburinganire n’Ubwuzuzanye bw’Abagabo n’Abagore tariki 6 Werurwe 2025, kuri gahunda y’ibikorwa by’ubuvuzi mu Rwanda n’ingamba zihari ngo burusheho gutera imbere, Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Ubuzima (MINISANTE) Dr. Butera yababwiye ko hari ibyo u Rwanda rumaze kugeraho birimo gutanga serivisi zakorerwaga mu mahanga, zikaba zirimo gutangirwa mu Rwanda.

Yagize ati “Tumaze kubaga abana 356 n’abakuru 186, ndetse 44 bamaze gusimburizwa impyiko bikorewe mu Rwanda.”

Yanagaragarije Abadepite ko serivisi zitangirwa mu Rwanda zagabanyije ikiguzi ku bajyaga kuzishaka mu mahanga, no kuri Leta kuko u Rwanda rwari rumaze kohereza abarwayi barenga 70 mu bihugu by’amahanga gusimburizwa impyiko, bitwara arenga Miliyoni 800Frw.
Mbere yo kwizihiza umunsi mpuzahamaga wahariwe kurwanya indwara z’umutima muri uyu mwaka, Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubuzima (RBC) cyafashe icyumweru cyose bapima indwara zitandura mu bice bitandukanye byo mu Karere ka Rubavu.

Muri icyo cyumweru cyatangiye tariki 22 – 27 Nzeri 2025, muri ako hapimwe abaturage 1.169 muri bo 88 bangana na 7,5% basanganywe indwara z’umutima.

Umukozi wa RBC mu ishami ry’indwara zitandura ushinzwe gukurikirana indwara y’umutima, Dr. Ntaganda Evariste, yavuze ko zimwe mu ntandaro zo kurwara indwara z’umutima harimo umubyibuho ukabije, umuvuduko w’amaraso, kudakora siporo, kandi ziganje mu bantu batabizi rimwe na rimwe zikaba zinabambura ubuzima.

Yagize ati “Indwara zitandura zirimo umuvuduko w’amaraso, ziganje mu bantu kandi usanga rimwe na rimwe zishobora no kubambura ubuzima batabizi, ari yo mpamvu tubashishikariza kwipimisha bakamenya uko bahagaze, kuko indwara z’umutima ziza mu z’imbere zituma bajya bakanatinda kwa muganga cyane ndetse zikanabica cyane ugereranyije n’izindi.”

Imibare ya MINISANTE igaragaza ko indwara z’umutima zigize 14% by’impfu mu Rwanda, zikaba ziri mu ndwara zitandura zihitana benshi cyane cyane mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere, mu gihe raporo ya RBC y’imibare iheruka ya 2022, yerekana ko mu bantu 59.3% bicwa n’indwara z’umutima 47.7% bapfira kwa muganga.

Mu rwego rwo gukangurira abaturage kwirinda indwara zitandukanye cyane cyane izitandura zirimo iz’umutima, umuvuduko, diyabete n’izindi muri Gicurasi 2016, mu Mujyi wa Kigali hatangijwe siporo rusange (Car Free Day) ikorwa kabiri mu kwezi, hagamijwe gushishikariza no gukundisha abawutuye gukunda gukora siporo bityo bakagira ubuzima bwiza.

Ni Siporo imaze kwagukira no mu tundi Turere turimo aka Musanze, ku buryo aho ikorerwa hose, abayitabiriye bagira umwanya wo kwisuzumisha indwara zitandura nta kiguzi batanze.