Rugwizakurinda rwa Mutaneshwa, umugaba mukuru w’intwari z’u Rwanda

Nyuma yo kwerekana ukuntu “Abakurambere b’intwari bitanze batizigama”, bahanze u Rwanda kugeza ubwo ruvamo “ubukombe”, reka nkomeze nerekane n’abandi “bakurambere b’intwari” bivugwa ko “batsinze ubukoroni na mpatsibihugu”.

Yuhi V Musinga
Yuhi V Musinga

Mu by’ukuri abo ni abami b’u Rwanda bane ba nyuma barutegetse mu gihe abakoroni bari barigabije u Rwanda, aribo: Kigeri IV Rwabugiri (1853-1895), Yuhi V Musinga (1896-931), Mutara III Rudahigwa (1931-1959) na Kigeri V Ndahindurwa (1959-1962). Ariko m’Ubwiru bw’u Rwanda, umugaba mukuru w’izo ntwari z’u Rwanda akaba ari “Rugwizakurinda rwa Mutaneshwa”, igisingizo cy’Umwami Yuhi V Musinga. Impamvu nyamukuru imugira umugaba mukuru w’intwari ni uko ariwe werejwe kuzatsinda abo ‘bakoroni’ na ‘mpatsibihigu’ ndetse n’abambari babo. Akabatsinda ate? Yemera gucirwa ishyanga akanahagwa aho gutatira irage ry’u Rwanda, kandi abanje no kurubyarira abatabazi babiri batabariye u Rwanda! Abo batabazi yarubyariye ni Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa (= ’U-Rwanda-rudahigwa!) na Kigeri IV Ndahindurwa (=Irage-ry’u-Rwanda-ndahindurwa)! Uti ibyo se kandi bivuga iki? Ni imvugo ijimije yo m’Ubwiru bw’u Rwanda tugiye kugumya gusobanukirwa mu nkuru mbarirano ikurikira.

Amavu n’amavuko ya Yuhi V Musinga n’inkomoko y’iryo zina rye.

Duhereye no kuri iryo zina rye rya mbere ‘Musinga’, dore ko mu Kinyarwanda bavuga ngo “Nta kabura imvano”, Musinga ngo yavutse se Kigeri IV Rwabugiri ari mu Gitero cy’i Minova i Kamuronsi, ubu hagizwe n’abakoroni Kongo (DRC). Yavutse mu 1883. Icyo gihe se Rwabugiri ngo yari yacumbitse ku mugabo w’umusinga wari utuye hafi yo ku Mugunga noneho ngo mu gihe yari yaharaye bukeye yumva inkuru ebyiri nziza. Iya mbere yari uko umugore we Kanjogera Rwabugiri yakundaga cyane yamubyariye umwana w’umuhungu utagira uko asa; iya kabiri iba ko inka ze zamukamirwaga ku itabaro zabonye iriba ry’amazi y’amakera (arimo umunyu). Umwami Rwabugiri ngo arishima cyane noneho abwira intumwa yari imuzaniye izo nkuru zombi ati “uyu musinga narayeho anteye umutwe mwiza, uwo mwana wavutse azitwe Musinga”! Ni uko Musinga yitiriwe Abasinga ari Umunyiginya w’Umusindi!

Kigeli IV Rwabugili-Inkotanyi cyane
Kigeli IV Rwabugili-Inkotanyi cyane

iryo zina ‘Musinga’ ariko ngo rikaba rinavuga ‘Mutsinzi’ mu Kinyarwanda cya kera. Na ‘Nyakusinga’ mu Kinyankore (gifitanye isano n’ikinyarwanda cya kera) bivuga ‘Nyagutsinda’ ! ‘Abasinga’ nabo ngo bikavuga ‘abatsindiye’ ubuyobozi bwa kera mbere y’Abanyiginya. Kandi koko Ingoma ya mbere y’u Rwanda yategekwaga n’Abasinga b’Abarenge (bakomoka kwa Rurenge I) aribo n’uwo mugabo wari wacumbikiye Umwami Kigeri IV akomokamo.
Izina rya ‘Yuhi V’ ryo Musinga yaryiswe nyuma (mu mpera z’Ukuboza 1896) aho abereye Umwami usimbura se Kigeri IV Rwabugiri nyuma y’Intambara yo ku Rucunshu. Yimikwa yiswe ‘Yuhi’ (Umwami w’umuriro) nyuma y’uko uwo barwaniraga ingoma Mibambwe III Rutarindwa yitwikiye mu nzu ku Rucunshu aneshejwe! Byose ngo byari byarateganijwe n’ubwiru ko bizaba gutyo kugirango irage ry’u Rwanda rizashyire rigaruke nyuma yo kuzimira igihe kirekire! Uti byagenze bite ? Gumya wisomere !

Musinga yerezwa kuzaba Umwami w’Umuriro

Mbere yo kwereza umwana uzasimbura se ku ngoma, habanzaga kwereza umugabekazi uzamubyara. Bigeze igihe rero cyo gushaka uzasimbura Kigeri IV Rwabugiri abiru n’abarebakure ngo bereje Kanjogera umwe mu bagore benshi ba Rwabugiri. Ni uko abiru bagena ko azajya kubundira i Sakara mu imerero ry’u Rwanda aho Ibimanuka bya mbere byamanukiye. Ubwo bagirango azige ayo mateka y’abakurambere b’Abanyarwanda, azabe Umwami ayazi neza! Ni uko Kanjogera n’umuhungu we Musinga bajya kuba mu rugo rwa Rwabugiri rwari i Sakara mu Gisaka. Muri ibyo bihe ni nabwo Inama ya Berlin yariho iba mu 1884-85, abazigabiza u Rwanda batera imirwi Afrika ngo bazayigarurire banyage irage ry’u Rwanda!

Yuhi V Musinga
Yuhi V Musinga

Mbere y’aho ariko gato, Rwabugiri ngo akubutse mu bitero by’i Bunyabungo mu majyepfo ya Kongo y’ubu, ageze mu Kinyaga abarebakure be babonaga ibibera i Berlin ngo baramubwiye bati “turabona igihugu cyawe kizigabizwa n’abanyamahanga, none reka dushake imitsindo yabyo”. Bati “Fata umwambi ufore umuheto cyane uwurase werekeza mu Rwanda. Nituwushaka uwo mwambi tukawubona tuzabatsinda; ariko nituwubura bazadutsinda batwigabize”. Rwabugiri ngo arabikora, ariko umwambi barawushakisha barawubura! Aho umwambi waburiye niko kuhita (mu bwiru) mu ‘Kinyaga’ (cyanyaze Umwami umwambi)! Aha twibuke ko ari naho isha (cyangwa impongo) y’ibara ryera abarebakure ba Gihanga (bitwaga Ubukara) babonye bageze muri Nyungwe (mu Kibariiro cy’Amararo) bakayikurikira ariho yazimiriye! Bikaba rero byaravugaga kuzimira kw’irage ry’u Rwanda! Nibwo rero abiru n’abarebakure batangiye gushaka intsinzi y’abo bazigabiza u Rwanda bakazimiza irage ry’u Rwanda bagirango rizashyire rigaruke. Bashaka rero imitsindo baraguriza uzabyara umwami ukurikira Kigeri wa IV.

Umwami Kigeri IV Rwabugiri yimika Rutarindwa mu 1886 akanitwa iryo zina ry’ubwami ‘Mibambwe’ ngo ntabwo yari yibeshye nk’uko benshi batazi ubwiru babyibwira! Ahubwo ngo ni inama yari yagiriwe n’abiru b’abarebakure bamubwiye bati “imika umwana utari uwawe mu nda, bityo hazavuka amakimbirane mu ngoma atume uwo mwami yitwikira mu nzu, asimburwe n’umwana wawe w’ukuri! Iyo ngoma ye itazaramba izaba ishushanya iya bariya bazigabiza u Rwanda bakarwima nabo barwitije, nayo izarangire ityo, irangijwe n’umuriro”! Ese niko byaje kugenda koko? Turacyategereje kuko ingoma ya ba mpatsibihugu ntirashira burundu!

Ingoma y’Umwami Musinga n’izayikurikiye mu ‘bunyereri’ bw’Abakoroni

Umwanditsi w’umunyarwanda Gasimba François Xavier yanditse igitabo akita: Ingoma ya Yuhi Musinga mu nzira y’Ubunyereri bw’Abakoroni. Niko byagenze koko Yuhi V Musinga yimye mu gihe cy’Ubukoroni bw’Abadage (1897-1916) akomerezaho mu gihe cy’ubukoroni bw’Ababirigi (1916-1962) kugeza ubwo bamukuye ku ngoma mu 1931 bamucira ishyanga (i Kamembe mu Rwanda kuri 12/11/1931, n’i Moba muri Kongo mu 1940) aba ariho anatangira kuri 13 Mutarama 1944! Abakoroni b’Ababirigi n’abamisiyoneri kumukura ku ngoma byatewe n’uko yanze kuyoboka Imana yabo agakomera ku Mana y’i Rwanda yari ahagarariye. Amahirwe u Rwanda rwagize ariko ni uko yasimbuwe n’umuhungu we wemeye kubayoboka, ataretse no guhagararira Imana y’i Rwanda! Ariko nawe n’ubwo yari yabakeje akabayoboka n’Imana yabo, baje kumwivugana kuko yashakaga ubwigenge. Bamaze kumurangiza Abanyarwanda (bahagarariwe n’umwiru mukuru Kayumba) bimika Kigeri V Ndahindurwa abakoroni (bayobowe na Harroy) batabishaka! Niko gukora ku buryo nawe bamwikiza nyuma y’igihe gito babimubwira yagiye mu birori by’ubwigenge i Kinshasa! Bashyiraho abemeraga kubayoboka no gukomeza imigambi yabo ya mpatsibihugu! Ndavuga Kayibanda na Gitera bari bashyize imbere ingoma y’amacakubiri.

Yuhi V Musinga
Yuhi V Musinga

Umwami Yuhi V Musinga rero ngo nawe yageze igihe cyo gushaka uzamusimbura abiru n’abarebakure be bajya mu rugishiro, noneho bereza Mukashema (“uwo ishema rishengurira kuzagarura irage ry’u Rwanda”). Ni uko ngo Musinga ava mu Gakenyeri aho yari atuye aza gutura mu Gihisi aho yubakiye Mukashema. Aboneraho no gukora imihango y’iganzamwonga yakoreye ku iriba rye riri mu Gakenyeri. Ibyo yabikoze abona ko nawe agiye gucibwa agira ngo irage ry’u Rwanda ritazahera burundu! Iryo rage rero ry’u Rwanda “ndahindurwa” mu bwiru bw’u Rwanda ngo ryaba ryaragaruwe igihe umugogo wa Ndahindurwa ugaruwe mu Rwanda “mu nda y’inyoni” (mu ndege) nk’uko byahanuwe mbere mu bwiru! Bityo mu bwiru Kigeri V Ndahindurwa akaba afatwa nk’umutabazi mu gihugu cya ON (igihugu gitegeka ba mpatsibihugu), nk’uko mukuru we yabaye umutabazi mu gihugu cya bene-Mungwe! Se w’abo batabazi bombi akaba rero ari “Rugwizakurinda rwa Mutaneshwa” koko, kuko yitangiye u Rwanda mu gihugu irage ry’u Rwanda ryari ryarazimiriyemo! Ngo ni naho rizazimurukira!

Kigeli V Ndahindurwa
Kigeli V Ndahindurwa

Umwanzuro

Umwami Yuhi V Musinga mu bwiru bw’u Rwanda afatwa nk’umugaba mukuru w’Intwari z’u Rwanda kubera ko yujuje ibya ngombwa byose (bitatu) intwari z’u Rwanda za kera (abatabazi b’u Rwanda) zasabwaga, akongeraho n’akarusho:

1) Kwitangira u Rwanda ubizi neza kandi ubishaka, ndetse unabyemera nta gahato (We yabanje no guteguzwa acirirwa i Kamembe, mbere yo kujyanwa i Moba abanje n’i Buvira)

2) Kuzira ukuri kujyanye n’irage ry’u Rwanda (Yanze gutatira Imana y’i Rwanda iryo rage rishingiyeho akomera ku muco warwo)
3) Kugwa mu gihugu cyindi witangiyemo ngo amaraso yawe adasama u Rwanda (Yatanze ari Moba muri Kongo igihugu cyanyaze irage ry’u Rwanda).
4) Akarusho ni ukuba yaritanze ari Umwami w’u Rwanda (Umwami Ruganzu I Bwimba niwe wabimburiye abandi bami mu kwitangira Igihugu bityo aba urugero rwo kwitanga ku bayobozi)
5) Akandi karusho ni uko yabyaye abandi batabazi babiri nabo bitangiye igihugu barakibereye n’abami. Ngo Musinga yakundaga kuvuga ngo “Iyi buku (indangamuntu) nzayibyarira hungu na kobwa kugeza ivuyeho!”

Musinga yatanze kuwa 25 Ukuboza mu 1944, afite imyaka 66. Yatabarijwe aho i Moba bivuze ko umusesero we ariho uri ahitwa i Butabwa, ariko umugogo we ngo Ababirigi baba barawujyanye mu ngoro z’umurage zabo i Burayi birengagije ko Rudahigwa yawubasabye ngo awucyure!

Birakwiye rero ko nawe agirwa Intwari y’Igihugu ku mugaragaro dore ko abakunda umuco w’u Rwanda babisabye ari benshi; maze n’Urwego rubishinzwe rukabyigaho mu buryo bwimbitse rugasanga bafite ukuri!

Yanditswe na: Lt. Col (Rtd) Nyirimanzi Gerard, umunyamateka

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Ibitekerezo   ( 2 )

Ati:"Iyi buku nzayibyarira hungu na kobwa kugeza ivuyeho".Ni ko byagenze ibuku yavuyeho(indangangabwoko) doreko atari indangamuntu.

Higa yanditse ku itariki ya: 4-02-2025  →  Musubize

Urakoze kutwibutsa impunzi yambere mu Rwanda
Umwami yazize gukunda u Rwanda uwo murage yawusize mu barurwaniye.
zangoma zamacakubiri zaratsinzwe ,zidusigira génocide nibindi bikomere Aliko imana yi Rwanda iduha intwari,
zigarura ndumunyarwanda.
Iyo mbona ibyo abategeka u Rwanda, aho barugejeje ,Nshima ubutwari no gushishoza bafite.Igisigaye no Umwami Musinga Yuhi4 ahabwa umwami akwiye mu

Gihugu

Eric Rutayisire yanditse ku itariki ya: 3-02-2025  →  Musubize

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