Ibi banza ari byo byabaye ku bantu bari bamaze kumenyekana cyane ku mbuga nkoranyambaga zitandukanye, atari ku bw’ibikorwa by’ubutwari bagezeho cyangwa bahakorera ahubwo ku bw’ubugwari buyobowe n’urwango rw’inengakamere bafitiye u Rwanda n’Abanyarwanda.

“Ku bw’ubuntu bw’Imana noneho ndatangaza ko konti zahakanaga Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 zitakiboneka,” ni amwe mu magambo yanditswe n’umwe mu rubyiruko rw’u Rwanda witwa Ajay Jean Niyomufasha uzwi nka @ajeuse2 kuri TikTok, mu cyumweru gishize.

Ni umusore ukoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga mu kurwanya abahakana bakanapfobya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, by’umwihariko abakorera mu mahanga nka Sylvia Mukankiko na Josephine Nyiratunga, bakoresha TikTok mu kugoreka amateka y’u Rwanda no gupfobya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.

Niyomufasha ari mu itsinda rigari ry’urubyiruko rw’Abanyarwanda rifata imbuga nkoranyambaga nk’urubuga rushya rwo kugaragaza ukuri n’amateka. Yishimiye cyane icyemezo cya TikTok, YouTube na Facebook cyo gufunga konti z’abo bantu, abifata nk’intsinzi itari iye gusa, ahubwo n’Igihugu muri rusange.

Avuga ko gucecekesha abahakana bakanapfobya Jenoside ari ishema ry’Umunyarwanda ndetse n’intsinzi y’ukuri ku babeshya ku nyungu zabo bwite.

Nyuma y’aho, abo bagore bakoreshaga imbuga nkoranyambaga bacecetse, hagakwirakwizwa ibihuha bivuga ko Mukankiko yaba yarishwe, hagamijwe gusa guteza urujijo. Nk’uburyo bumenyerewe bw’abahakana Jenoside mu kujijisha abantu no gukomeza gushaka kongera umubare w’ababakurikira.

Urubyiruko rufite imbaraga zidasanzwe

Umwe mu rubyiruko rwigaragaje cyane muri uru rugamba ni uwitwa Gentille Umuhoza, uzwi ku mbuga nkoranyambaga nka La Belle. Agira amashusho akundwa cyane kubera amagambo akomeye n’ubutwari bwo guhangana n’abahakana Jenoside.

Ntajya arondora ibyo abahakana bavuga, ahubwo agaragaza ibyo u Rwanda rumaze kugeraho. Mu mashusho ye akunze gusakara cyane, yagize ati: “Nari ntaravuka mu 1994, ariko ndize bihagije ku buryo nzi amateka y’u Rwanda kurusha ababesha.”

N’ubwo agaragara nk’uwukora ibindi bisanzwe bijyanye n’imibereho n’umuco, ariko yatewe umujinya n’agahinda n’abashaka kugoreka amateka no gutesha agaciro abishwe.

Ubwiyongera bw’Abahakana n’abapfobya Jenoside burigaragaza

Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye uburyo amayeri y’ababahakana Jenoside yahindutse mu myaka ishize. Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 ikirangira, abahakana bakoresheje amagambo ataziguye, bahakana ko Jenoside yabayeho. Nyuma y’igihe, uburyo bwabo bwatangiye kwihisha inyuma y’ibitekerezo bya politiki cyangwa impaka zishingiye ku bushakashatsi. Ubu, ikoranabuhanga n’imbuga nkoranyambaga byahindutse isibaniro rikuru ryo gukwirakwiza iyo ngengabitekerezo.

Abahakana Jenoside bakunze gukoresha inzira eshatu z’ingenzi, zirimo kuvuga ko ubwicanyi bwabayeho atari Jenoside ahubwo ari ingaruka z’intambara y’abanyarwanda. Abandi bagakoreha ingengabitekerezo y’imvugo y’uko “habayeho Jenoside ebyiri”, bavuga ko Abahutu n’Abatutsi bose bishe mu buryo bungana.

Uburyo bwa gatatu bukunze kugaragara, ni uguhakana umubare nyakuri w’Abatutsi barenga miliyoni bishwe, bakagoreka imibare ishimangirwa n’amateka. Hari n’abatangiye guhindura amagambo, bagakoresha izina ridasobanutse rya “Jenoside yo mu Rwanda” aho kuyita izina ryayo nyakuri: Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Ihakana n’ikibazo gikomeye

Ibibazo u Rwanda ruhanganye nacyo si amagambo y’abantu ku giti cyabo gusa, ahubwo ni gahunda ikomeye kandi iteguwe neza yo gukwirakwiza ihakana n’ipfobya rya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Mu 2019, Sena y’u Rwanda yasohoye raporo y’impapuro 149 igaragaza uburyo ihakana rikomeje gukwirakwira mu mahanga. Iyo raporo yagaragaje ko ihakana ari kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye ku bumwe bw’Abanyarwanda, ku cyubahiro cy’abarokotse no ku kuri kw’amateka.

Aba bantu ntibakora bonyine kuko bakorana n’amatsinda y’inyeshyamba nka FDLR hamwe n’imitwe ya politiki nka RNC yagiye ibaha ubufasha n’ibikoresho bibafasha gukwirakwiza ingengabitekerezo.

Ikibabaje cyane ni uburyo iyi ngengabitekerezo yimukiye ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, zikaba igikoresho cyihuta, kandi kitagira umupaka kuko gikunze kutagenzurwa. Sena yagaragaje imbuga nyinshi zikora nk’amasoko y’iyi myumvire, zigaragaza nk’aho ari itangazamakuru ryigenga cyangwa udukuru twa politiki, nyamara mu by’ukuri zikwirakwiza ibinyoma bishaje zibyambitse isura nshya y’ubushakashatsi.

Imbuga nkoranyambaga zatumye izi ngengabitekerezo zigera kure cyane. Olivier Nyirubugara na Gaspard Musabyimana ni bamwe mu bazwi cyane ku mbuga nka Facebook, Twitter (X), na YouTube mu kuzikwirakwiza, cyane cyane mu gihe cyo kwibuka hagati ya Mata na Nyakanga. Icyo gihe hakorwa ubukangurambaga budasanzwe bugamije gutera urujijo, guca intege abibuka no kuyobya amahanga.

Ibikorwa byose bikorwa ku mugaragaro amahanga arebera. Urugero rukomeye ni filime yanditswe na BBC mu 2014 yitwa ‘Rwanda’s Untold Story’, itaramaganywe ku rwego mpuzamahanga kuko yahaye ijambo abahakana Jenoside. Uruhare rwayo rukomeje kugaragara kuko amashusho yayo akiri kuri murandasi.

Uburyo bukoreshwa mu gupfobya

Amayeri y’abahakana bakanapfobya akurikiza inzira zisanzwe: bahakana imibare y’abishwe, bagerageza kwerekana ko impande zombi zifite amakosa angana, cyangwa bakagerageza guhindura umutwe w’amateka bavuga ko Jenoside ari igikorwa cyatewe n’iyicwa rya Perezida Habyarimana. Benshi bihisha inyuma y’ “ubwisanzure mu gutanga ibitekerezo”, bavuga ko ibyo bandika ari politiki cyangwa ubushakashatsi aho kubyita urwango rugamije guhakana.

Izi ngeso ntizikorwa n’umuntu umwe. Zigizwe n’urusobe rw’imiryango nka “GREX”, FDLR na RNC, bifite imbuga, inyandiko n’amatsinda asakaza imigambi imwe. Abanditsi bigenga cyangwa abanyamakuru bo mu Burengerazuba babafasha kubigira ibifatika kurushaho.

Ibi bituma ubuhakanyi butakiri ibikorwa by’abantu bake, ahubwo buba gahunda ya politiki ifite imiyoboro yayo n’uburyo bwo gukwirakwizwa.

Muri iki gihe, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo (RDC) yabaye indi nzira y’ibi bikorwa, aho abashakashatsi nka Jonathan R. Beloff bagaragaje ko politiki mpuzamahanga ku Rwanda igenda iyoborwa n’ingaruka z’ubu buhakanyi.

Mu gihe abahakana bakoresha ibinyoma, urubyiruko rw’Abanyarwanda rwahisemo gukoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga rugaragaza ukuri n’ishusho nyayo y’igihugu cyabo, nubwo bamwe babita “Rwanda Online Brigade” babashinja kuba abavugizi ba Leta, bo babifata nk’ishema ryo kwitangira igihugu.

Abenshi muri bo ni urubyiruko rwize, batinya gushyiraho amazina cyangwa amasura yabo.. Babifata nk’umuhamagaro wo guharanira ukuri no kwibuka ku mbuga by’umwihariko ibibirwaho urwango.

Mu myaka ibiri ishize, abahakana Jenoside bagaragaje uburyo bushya kandi burushijeho kuba bubi, ku mbuga nkoranyambaga nka TikTok na YouTube, buri munsi hakorwa ibiganiro n’amashusho yuzuye urwango n’ibinyoma.

Hari n’abigeze gukwirakwiza ibihuha ko Perezida Kagame yapfuye mu 2020, kugeza ubwo we ubwe yagaragaye mu ruhame ngo abeshyuze ayo makuru.

Kuri ubu, imbuga zo muri Congo n’u Burundi zatangiye gushyigikira imvugo, zikwirakwiza urwango rushingiye ku moko mu Karere. Ni ibiganiro bikwirakwizwa n’abagera ku bihumbi magana atatu (300,000) buri munsi.

Nubwo hari ibyo byose, ariko abenshi mu rubyiruko n’abandi Banyarwanda bakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga mu kugaragaza ibyiza n’intambwe igihugu cyateye binyuze mu mafoto y’ubukerarugendo, imidugudu, ibikorwa remezo, ibikorwa bikomeye bibera imbere mu gihugu nka ‘UCI Road World Championships’, byose bikomeza gusakazwa.

Bose bahuriza ku butumwa bumwe kandi bukomeye, bugira bite “hari byinshi byiza biri kubera mu Rwanda, kuruta igihe umuntu apfusha ubusa akwirakwiza urwango.”

Kuri Niyomufasha, Umuhoza n’abandi benshi, ibi babifata nk’urugamba rw’ubuzima bwabo, barinda ukuri, kwibuka inzirakarengane no kutemerera ibinyoma gusimbura amateka nyakuri y’igihugu cyabo.

Mu myaka ibiri ishize, propaganda ikorwa n’abatavuga rumwe na Leta yafashe indi ntera ikomeye. Ku mbuga nka Twitter (X), hari ibiganiro biba buri munsi bikoreshejwe n’amatsinda nka RNC. Ku TikTok, abantu nka Nyiratunga na Mukankiko bakora ibiganiro bya buri munsi byuzuye ibinyoma n’urwango.Ku YouTube, amashene nka Kazigabanabenirage, Isinijuru n’ayandi yagiye asakaza amakuru y’ibinyoma, harimo n’uko Perezida Kagame yapfuye mu 2020, ibintu byaje guseberwa ubwo yagaragaraga ku mugaragaro.

Uru rugamba si urw’amasasu cyangwa imbunda, ahubwo ni urw’amagambo n’amashusho. Icyo ruzagena ni ukuri cyangwa ibinyoma bizasigara mu mateka y’u Rwanda n’isi yose.

Ku rubyiruko nka Niyomufasha na Umuhoza, uru ni urugamba rwo kurengera igihugu cyabo, guhagarika ibinyoma n’ubuhakanyi kugira ngo ukuri kutazazima ku nk’urwibutso rw’abarenga miliyoni bishwe muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.