Ni bimwe mu byo u Rwanda nk’Igihugu rwagaragarije muri Brazil, mu nama izwi nka COP30 (Conference of the Parties), ihuriza hamwe intumwa zituruka mu bihugu bitandukanye, ziganira ku ngaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe n’uburyo bwo kuzikumira no guhangana na zo.

Mu ijambo yagejeje ku bitabiriye iyo nama, Minisitiri Dr Bernadette Arakwiye yavuze ko bigiye byinshi mu kugira ngo u Rwanda rugere ku rwego rwo hejuru mu bikorwa byo guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, n’uko byakwifashishwa mu kugera ku ntego ya 1.5°C, nk’urugero Isi yiyemeje rwo kutarenza mu kuzamuka k’ubushyuhe, nk’uko bikubiye mu masezerano ya Paris, agamije gukumira ingaruka zikabije z’ihindagurika ry’ibihe.

Yavuze ko imyaka icumi ishize yabaye igihe cyo kwiga byinshi birimo kugira ibyo bashyira mu bikorwa mu byo bari bariyemeje, gushaka amikoro, n’uko bashobora kurinda abaturage ingaruka ziterwa n’ibiza bishingiye ku mihindagurikire y’ibihe.

Yagize ati “Mu kureba aho tugeze, twakoze isuzuma ry’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’intego z’Igihugu zo guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe (NDC) kuva mu 2015 kugeza 2024. Ibyavuyemo byaradushimishije, ariko binaduha umukoro ukomeye mu gihe twinjiye mu yindi myaka 10 y’amasezerano ya Paris.”

Arongera ati “U Rwanda rwageze kuri 81% by’intego zarwo zidashingiye ku nkunga ituruka hanze (unconditional mitigation target). Ibi bigaragaza uko imbaraga ziturutse imbere mu gihugu zirimo gukora mu kucyubaka. Ariko kandi, intambwe ku gice cy’ingamba zishingira ku nkunga (conditional measures) iri kuri 38% gusa. Ibi byerekana icyuho kinini mu kubona ishoramari rihagije kandi riteganyijwe ryo guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ibihe, bikaba ari ikibazo gikomeye mu kwesa imihigo twiyemeje ku masezerano ya Paris.”

Aha kandi byagaragajwe ko mu bijyanye no guhangana n’ingaruka z’ibihe (adaptation), u Rwanda rwageze ku byiza byinshi mu buhinzi no mu micungire y’amazi, ariko ko rwanahuye n’ibihe bikomeye by’imihindagurikire y’ibihe byangije byinshi, bitwara ubuzima bwa bamwe, hononekara n’ibikorwa remezo, bigira ingaruka ku bukungu bw’igihugu.

Raporo ya ‘Rwanda Country Climate and Development Report’, igaragaza ko ihindagurika ry’ibihe rishobora kugabanya ubukungu bw’Igihugu ku kigero kiri hagati ya 5% na 7% by’umusaruro mbumbe buri mwaka.

Ni yo mpamvu ibikorwa byo guhangana no kwirinda ihindagurika ry’ibihe (adaptation) bigomba kuba ku isonga mu by’ibanze, kandi ishoramari ryabyo rikikuba inshuro ebyiri nk’uko byemerejwe i Glasgow muri COP26.

Minisitiri Arakwiye yagaragaje ko u Rwanda rwifuza ko COP30, iba impinduka nyayo, aho Isi itakomeza kuba mu biganiro gusa, ahubwo igihe kigeze ngo ibivugwa bishyirwe mu bikorwa.

Yagize ati “Dukeneye ko imvugo yaba ingiro, no kongera ubushake mu kwita cyane ku ntego zacu z’Igihugu zo guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe (NDC). Dukeneye ko ishoramari rihangana n’ihindagurika ry’ibihe (climate finance) rigira impinduka zikomeye, zikagira icyo zihindura ku buryo bugaragara, kandi ibihugu biri mu kaga bikabona amafaranga mu buryo bwihuse kandi bworoshye.”

Uyu muyobozi yagaragaje ko ishoramari rishorwa mu mihindagurikire y’ibihe ritagomba gufatwa nk’umuzigo, agasanga hakenewe rihabwa agaciro, rikajya rihagerera igihe kandi ku buryo butaziguye rinyuze mu bigo by’Igihugu.

Abageze ku bikorwa bigaragara kandi byatanze umusaruro ugaragara mu bikorwa byo guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, bakajya babihemberwa (results-based payments).

Aha kandi u Rwanda rwagaragaje ko mu rwego rwo kwishakamo ibisubizo rwashyizeho Ikigega cy’Iterambere Rirambye (Rwanda Green Fund/FONERWA), nk’inzira y’Igihugu yo gushakira hamwe ishoramari ryifashishwa mu guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ibihe.

Kikaba kimaze gukusanya no gutanga amafaranga arenga Miliyoni 300 z’Amadolari mu mishinga irimo kubaka igihugu mu bikorwa bitandukanye, bifasha guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ibihe.

U Rwanda kandi ruherutse kwemeza Ingamba z’Igihugu ku miterere y’Ishoramari ry’imihindagurikire y’ibihe n’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima (Climate and Nature Finance Strategy).

U Rwanda rwiteguye gukomeza gutanga umusanzu warwo kugira ngo mu gihe kiri munsi y’imyaka icumi iri mbere intego ya 1.5°C ikomeze kugerwaho, kuko mu ntego nshya z’Igihugu zo guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe harimo ko mu 2035, ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bizaba byagabanutse ku kigero cya 53%.