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Raporo ya LONI ijyanye n’igipimo cy’ubushyuhe ivuze iki ku Rwanda?
U Rwanda rushobora kuzahura n’ingaruka zikomeye mu myaka icumi cyangwa makumyabiri iri imbere, harimo kugira imyuzure myinshi ndetse n’inkangu niba igipimo cy’ubushyuhe ku isi gikomeje kuzamuka.
Iryo teganyagihe rishingiye ku kuba igipimo cy’ubushyuhe ku isi gishobora kurenga 1.5 cyangwa se 2 (degrees Celsius) mu kinyejana cya 21, keretse habayeho igabanuka rikomeye kandi ryihuse ry’ikoreshwa ry’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere mu myaka iri imbere.
Ibyo ni ibivugwa muri Raporo ya LONI ku bijyanye n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere (UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ’IPCC’).
Mu masezerano ya Paris, isi yari yihaye intego yo kutazarenza igipimo cy’ubushyuhe ku isi cya 1.5 mu 2040 na 2 ’degrees Celsius’ mu kinyejana cya 21.
Muri iyo Raporo ya ’IPCC’ bavuga ko iyo ntego itazashobora kuzagerwaho mu myaka 20 nk’uko ibihugu byari byiyemeje muri ayo masezerano y’i Paris, niba hatagize igikorwa byihuse mu bijyanye no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere.
Inzobere mu bijyanye n’ikirere zivuga ko igipimo cy’ubushyuhe ku isi nigikomeza kuzamuka, bizagira ingaruka no ku batuye mu Mijyi yo mu Rwanda, igashyuha cyane ndetse abayituye bakagira ingaruka ziterwa n’ubwo bushyuhe bukabije.
Impuzandengo y’igipimo cy’ubushyuhe mu Rwanda igeze kuri 1.4 ’Degrees Celsius’ guhera mu 1970, ibyo bivuze ko igipimo cy’ubushyuhe ku isi nikigera kuri 1.5 ’degrees celsius’, bizagira ingaruka no ku gipimo cy’ubushyuhe mu Rwanda, hagashyuha cyane nk’uko bisobanurwa n’inzobere.
Nk’ uko bivugwa na Karera Patrick, Umunyamabanga uhoraho muri Minisiteri y’ibidukikije, amakuru akubiye muri Raporo ya ’IPCC’ yibutsa buri wese kugira icyo akora ku bijyanye n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.
Yagize ati "By’amahirwe, icyerekezo cy’u Rwanda cyo muri 2050 (vision 2050), harimo ibiteganyijwe gukorwa mu rwego rwo guhangana n’ imihindagurikire y’ ikirere. Ariko kubikora ku buryo bwihuse, ubu ni byo bikenewe kurushaho".
Yavuze ko intego u Rwanda rwihaye zizwi nka ’Nationally Determined Contributions’(NDCs), ari zo zizafasha u Rwanda rugana k’ugukoresha ibintu bitangiza ikirere.
Gahunda y’imyaka 10 u Rwanda rwihaye mu bijyanye no guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, harimo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bigera kuri Toni Miliyoni 4.6 bitarenze umwaka 2030.
Kugira ngo u Rwanda rushobore gushyira mu bikorwa iyo gahunda rwihaye, rukanayishyikiriza LONI (United Nations Framework convention on Climate Change ’UNFCC’), hakenewe Miliyari 11 z’Amadolari ya Amerika. Kugeza ubu, u Rwanda rumaze kubona agera kuri Miliyoni 216 z’Amadolari.
Iyo Raporo ya 6 ku mihindagurikire y’ikirere, isohotse hasigaye igihe gito mbere y’uko inama ya LONI ku mihindagurikire y’ikirere iterana. Iyo nama iteganyijwe kubera mu Bwongereza ku itariki 31 Ukwakira kugeza ku itariki 12 Ugushyingo 2021.
Tariki 9 Kanama 2021, Umunyamabanga Mukuru w’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, Antonio Guteres, yavuze ko gukwirakwiza ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ndetse no kwangiza amashyamba biri mu bihungabanya Isi, bigashyira ubuzima bw’abantu bagera kuri za Miliyari mu kaga.
Yongeraho ko hakenewe kugira igikorwa mu buryo bwihuse, kugira ngo isi itagera ku gipimo cy’ubushyuhe cya 1.5 kuko ubu ngo kigeze kuri 1.2 ’Degrees Celsius’. Ubu nihatagira igikorwa byihuse, ngo na 1.5 ’Degrees Celsius’ izarenga mu gihe kiri imbere.
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Abahanga mu by’ikirere n’abayobozi benshi bemeza ko ibibera mu isi bitabagaho kera,bijyana isi ahantu habi.Ni ubwa mbere ahantu henshi ku isi haba ubushyuhe burenga 50 degrees Celsius.Nibyo biteza imiriro yanga kuzima mu bihugu byinshi.
Ibihe biruhije isi irimo,bihuye n’ibyo bible ivuga ko mu minsi y’imperuka hazabaho "ibihe biruhije".Biratujyana ku munsi w’imperuka wegereje.Niyo mpamvu niba dushaka kuzarokoka kuli uwo munsi,ijambo ry’Imana ridusaba kurushaho gushaka Imana,aho kwibera gusa mu gushaka iby’isi.