Ubu buryo bushya bugezweho bwatangiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa muri Kanama muri uyu mwaka, bufasha ubuyobozi kumenya ubwoko n’ingano y’imyuka ihumanya buri kinyabiziga gisohora hashingiwe ku bipimo bya siyansi.

Bitandukanye n’isuzuma rusange ry’umutekano w’ibinyabiziga (contrôle technique) risanzwe rikorwa, rigasuzuma ibintu bitandukanye, nk’amapine, feri n’ibindi bijyanye n’uko ikinyabiziga kimeze, ubu buryo bushya bwo bureba iby’iyo myuka ihumanya ubwayo. Bupima ibinyabutabire biri mu muyoboro w’imyuka isohoka mu binyabiziga, birimo Monoxyde de carbone (CO), Hydrocarbon (HC), Nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) ndetse n’ibyitwa ‘particulate matter (PM2.5)’.

Umuyobozi uhagarariye uburyo bushya bwo gupima imyuka ihumanya ituruka mu binyabiziga, Innocent Mbonigana, avuga ko kuva iyi gahunda yatangira, bamaze gupima ibinyabiziga birenga 1000.

Ati "Kuva gahunda ya REMA yo gupima imyotsi y’ibinyabiziga yatangira, tumaze gupima ibinyabiziga birenga 1000, abaturage baciye mu nzira ziri zo, basabye banyuze ku irembo bakanishyura. Ariko hari ibyo twapimye mbere tugira ngo turebe tunakangurire abantu, icyo gihe nabyo twapimye ibirarenga 7000."

Arongera ati "Ubu ahantu hapimirwa mu gihugu hose harimo gupimwa ibinyabiziga biri hagati ya 150 na 200 ku munsi."

Iyo mibare igaragaza ko mu binyabiziga byose bimaze gupimwa ibitarengeje imyaka 10 bisohotse, biba byujuje ubuziranenge ugereranyije n’ibyakozwe mbere y’icyo gihe.

Theogene Nzayikorera ni umushoferi, avuga ko biba byiza kujya gupimisha imodoka udategereje ngo ibanze kugira ibibazo.

Ati "Biba byiza iyo utwaye imodoka ibyangombwa byuzuye, ikora neza, bikakurinda n’impanuka."

Umukozi wa REMA ushinzwe ubugenzuzi bw’ubwiza bw’umwuka, Pierre Celestin Hakizimana, avuga ko iyi gahunda yashyizweho hagamijwe kuvugurura uburyo bwari busanzwe bukoreshwa, hongerwa ubushobozi bw’ibikoresho, hanashyirwaho abapima bafite ubumenyi bwisumbuyeho, bujyanye no gupima imyotsi iva mu binyabiziga.

Ati "Iyo dupima hari ibikoresho dukoresha bipima, ni imashini zikoranye ikoranabuhanga ndetse n’ubwenge buhangano. Iyo dupima tuba dukeneye gufata umwotsi uvuye mu mpombo y’umwotsi y’ikinyabiziga, dukoresha agahombo gafata ibipimo, ni ko twinjiza mu kinyabiziga."

Hakoreshwa uburyo bubiri mu gupima, aho imodoka ipimwa yaka itagenda, ikongera gupimwa isa nkaho yirukanka.

Imashini zikoreshwa zifite umwihariko bigendanye n’uko imodoka zigira ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye zikoresha.

Inzego zishinzwe ibidukikije ziherutse gutangaza ko umwuka abantu bahumeka ugenda urushaho kwandura, kubera utuvungukira tw’umwuka twa PM2.5 tuva mu binyabiziga bikoresha moteri.

Iteka rya Minisitiri w’Ibidukikije ryo ku wa 25 Kanama 2025, riteganya ko igikoresho cy’ubwikorezi gikoreshwa na moteri kigenewe gutwara abagenzi muri rusange; igikoresho cy’ubwikorezi gikoreshwa na moteri kigenewe kwikorera imizigo; ibinyabiziga byigishirizwaho gutwara; igikoresho cy’ubwikorezi gikoreshwa na moteri kigenewe gukoreshwa imirimo y’ubucuruzi; ibinyabiziga bikoreshwa mu butabazi; bisi zitwara abanyeshuri; ibikoresho by’ubwikorezi bikoreshwa na moteri zikoresha ibikomoka kuri peteroli byagenewe gukoreshwa mu bwubatsi, mu buhinzi, no mu bindi bikorwa nk’ibyo ndetse n’imbangukiragutabara, bizahabwa icyemezo kimara amezi atandatu mu gihe ibindi bizajya bihabwa ikimara umwaka.

Iri teka riteganya ibihano byo mu rwego rw’ubutegetsi birimo ihazabu kuri buri kosa.

Ingingo ya 24 ivuga ko uretse umuyobozi w’igikoresho cy’ubwikorezi gikoreshwa na moteri, “umuntu utubahiriza amabwiriza yerekeye imyuka ihumanya yoherezwa mu kirere aba akoze ikosa kandi ahanishwa ihazabu ya 3,000,000Frw.”

Ni mu gihe “Nyir’igikoresho cy’ubwikorezi gikoreshwa na moteri utubahiriza amabwiriza yerekeye isohorwa ry’imyuka ihumanya ikirere, aba akoze ikosa kandi ahanishwa ihazabu ya 25,000Frw.”

Umuntu ukora, nta ruhushya, igikorwa gihumanya ikirere kitubahirije amabwiriza y’ubuziranenge agenga ubwiza bw’umwuka aba akoze ikosa, kandi ahanishwa ihazabu ya 3,000,000Frw.

Ni mu gihe umuntu utubahiriza amabwiriza yerekeye kubungabunga ubwiza bw’umwuka no gukumira ihumanywa ry’ikirere aba akoze ikosa, agahanishwa ihazabu ya 2,000,000Frw.

Igihano kiremereye kirimo ni ikigenewe “Umuntu utubahiriza amabwiriza yo guhagarika ibikorwa bihumanya ikirere aba akoze ikosa, kandi ahanishwa ihazabu ya 5,000,000Frw.”

Ni mu gihe umuntu utubahiriza amabwiriza yo gukumira imyuka ihumanya yoherezwa mu kirere mu buryo bwihutirwa aba akoze ikosa, kandi ahanishwa ihazabu ya 3,000,000Frw.

Na ho umuntu utamenyekanisha ko yohereje imyuka ihumanya ikirere atabigambiriye cyangwa bidaturutse ku bushake mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko, aba akoze ikosa. Uyu ahanishwa ihazabu ya 1,000,000Frw.

Imibare igaragaza ko mu Rwanda, moto zihariye 47% mu binyabiziga bisohora imyuka ihumanya ikirere, ari nabyo byatumye hatangira gushyirwaho ingamba zo gushishikariza abantu gukoresha moto zidakoresha lisansi, ahubwo izikoresha amashanyarazi.

Amafoto: Eric Ruzindana