Ibihumyo rero ni indyo yuzuye, kuko nk’uko urubuga Wikipedia.org rubivuga, n’ubwo intungamubiri zibigize ziterwa n’ubwoko bwabyo, ariko byose bifite iz’ibanze bihuriraho, arizo:

Amazi ku kigero cya 82-92%

Igice gisigaye kikaba ari imyunyu ngugu, Hydrate de Carbone, Lecithine, Vitamines na Proteines, muri Afrika ho ngo ibihumyo bishobora gusimbura inyama n’amafi.

Ibihumyo n’ubwo bibarizwa mu itsinda ry’ibimera, ntibikora ikizwi nka photosynthèse gitanga ibara ry’icyatsi, ariyo mpamvu bitagira iryo bara ahubwo bigira iry’umweru.

Usibye izo ntungamubiri bihuriyeho muri rusange aho biva bikagera, ariko ibyinshi biboneka muri Afrika bigira izindi zikurikira:

• Sodium yo ku gipimo cyo hasi cyane
• Vitamin B zinyuranye nka riboflavin, folate, thiamine, pantothenic acid, na niacin.
• Vitamin D, nta kindi kimera ibonekamo usibye mu bihumyo gusa
• Selenium, potassium, umuringa, ubutare, na phosphore.
• Bigira fibre zizwi nka beta-glucans.
• Harimo na choline ifasha mu bitotsi, imikorere y’imikaya, kwiga no kwibuka.
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Akamaro ku buzima

• Kuringaniza igipimo cya cholesterol

Ibihumyo muri byo nta binure ahubwo harimo proteine izwi nka lean, Fibre zirimo na za enzymes zinyuranye bituma igipimo cya cholesterol kigabanuka.

Si ibyo gusa kuko ya lean protein ifasha umubiri gutwika cholesterol iyo yinjiye. Twibutse ko kugira cholesterol mbi (LDL) mu mubiri byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara zinyuranye z’umutima.

• Kurwanya Isereri

Ubusanzwe isereri iterwa no kugira ubutare bucye mu mubiri.

Umurwayi w’isereri arangwa n’umunaniro uhoraho, umutwe, imikorere mibi y’imitsi n’urwungano ngogozi. Ibihumyo rero ni isoko nziza y’ubutare (fer/iron) umubiri ukenera, bifasha kandi mu ikorwa ry’insoro zitukura bityo umubiri ugakora uko bikwiye.

• Kurwanya Kanseri y’ibere n’iya prostate

Kuba mu bihumyo dusangamo beta-glucans na linoleic acid, bibiha ingufu zo gufasha umubiri guhangana n’izo kanseri.

By’umwihariko linoleic acid ifasha mu gukuraho ingaruka z’umusemburo wa estrogen iyo yabaye nyinshi, kandi ubwiyongere bwayo nibwo buza ku isonga mu gutera kanseri y’ibere ku bagore bari mu gihe cyo gucura, naho beta-glucans zo zikabuza ikura ry’uturemangingo dutera kanseri cyane cyane kuri prostate.

• Kurwanya diyabete

Nk’uko twabibonye, ibihumyo nta binure bigira, nta cholesterol, bifitemo ibinyasukari bicye cyane, ahubwo bikize kuri za proteine, vitamine n’imyunyu ngugu, ndetse n’amazi ku gipimo cyo hejuru hamwe na fibre bizwiho gufasha abarwayi ba Diabete.

Ikirenze kuri ibyo, bifite insuline y’umwimerere na enzymes zibifasha gushwanyaguza isukari iri mu byo turya, kandi binafasha impindura, umwijima n’izindi mvubura mu mikorere yazo.

Si ibyo gusa kuko binafite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya indwara ziterwa na mikorobe zikunze kuzahaza abarwayi ba diyabete.

• Ni ingenzi ku buzima bw’amagufa

Kuba bikungahaye kuri calcium bifasha mu gukorwa no gukomera kw’amagufa, binafasha mu kurinda no kurwanya indwara zo kubabara mu ngingo, rubagimpande, goute n’indwara zose zitera guhinamirana.

• Bifasha mu kwinjiza intungamubiri

Ibihumyo nicyo kimera cya mbere dusangamo vitamin D, izwiho gufasha umubiri gukurura intungamubiri zinjijwe n’ibyo umuntu yariye, by’umwihariko calcium na phosphore. Kuba byo ubwabyo bikungahaye kuri iyo myunyu ngugu, bikagira na vitamin D muri byo, bibigira ifunguro ry’agaciro.

• Kongera ubudahangarwa

Ergothioneine, iboneka mu bihumyo izwiho guhangana no gusohora imyanda n’uburozi mu mubiri. Iboneka kandi mu bihumyo gusa, ikaba ubwayo irimo soufre, umunyu ngugu udakunze kuboneka mu byo kurya byinshi.

• Kurwanya mikorobi

Ibihumyo byifitemo antibiyotike z’umwimerere zimeze nk’izo dusanga mu miti yo mu bwoko bwa penicillin (twavuga amoxicillin, cloxacillin, ampicillin, n’izindi), kandi ni mu gihe kuko n’ubundi penicillin ikorwa mu miyege. Ibi bituma bifasha umubiri guhangana n’indwara ziterwa na bagiteri na zimwe mu ziterwa n’imiyege, bigafasha ibisebe gukira ntibinazane amashyira.

• Gushyira ku rugero rukwiriye umuvuduko w’amaraso

Ibihumyo bikize ku munyu ngugu wa potassium. Uyu munyu uzwiho gufasha mu gutuma imitsi y’amaraso yaguka bityo bigafasha mu guhangana n’indwara y’umuvuduko udasanzwe.

Kuba bikungahaye ku munyungugu wa Selenium, ubusanzwe uboneka cyane mu bikomoka ku matungo, bituma amagufa, amenyo, inzara n’imisatsi bikomera ndetse bikaramba, ukanafasha mu gusohora imyanda mu mubiri.

Ikindi kandi ibihumyo ni ifunguro ryiza ku bifuza gutakaza ibiro ariko na none ugasanga bakomeye, bitewe na ya lean protein ibonekamo.

Icyitonderwa

N’ubwo ibihumyo biribwa, ariko biri mu muryango w’ibyo twakwita imiyege, birimo ibiribwa n’ibitaribwa, ibitaribwa habamo n’ibifite uburozi bwica.

Mu kubitegura rero banza umenye neza ko ibyo ufite biri mu biribwa. Akenshi ibyo tuzi mu Rwanda biribwa harimo ibyobo, intyabire, imegeri, ibihepfu n’ibindi bitewe n’uko mu karere runaka babyita.

Niba utabisobanukiwe neza, mbere yo kubyica (kubisarura), wabaza umuntu ubimenyereye niba ibyo wabonye biribwa. Ibitica nabyo kandi bishobora gutera indwara zimwe na zimwe.

Twongereho ko ibihumyo bitekwa bigisarurwa, waba utari bubiteke ukabyanika cyangwa ukabibika muri frigo. Gusa iyo uhisemo kubishyira muri frigo urabironga noneho ugacamo udusate ukavangamo amavuta, ukabona kubishyiramo. Iyo bitinze birabora, kandi bikaba byazana muri byo uburozi.