Menya amateka y’indorerwamo zifasha abarwaye amaso

Hari abantu byagora cyane kubaho nta ndorerwamo (amalineti) bitewe n’uko zibafasha kubona neza bakagenda badasitara, bagashobora gusoma, ariko umuntu yakwibaza, ubundi indorerwamo zabayeho ryari? Ese izo tubona ubu zitaraza abantu bifashishaga iki?

Ku rubuga https://iris.ca/fr, bavuga ko mbere indorerwamo zambarwaga n’abantu bafite ikibazo cyo kutabona ku buryo bukomeye, ariko nabo bagakunda kuzikuramo kenshi kuko zabaga zibangamye, ariko ubu ngo indorerwamo ni kimwe mu byo umuntu ashobora kwambara nk’umurimbo kuko ubu noneho kuzambara ni byiza ugereranyije n’uko byari bimeze mbere.

Amateka y’indorerwamo atangira mu kinyejana cya mbere, kuko ‘philosophe’ witwa Néron yavugaga ko yajyaga akoresha ibiye y’icyatsi kibisi kugira ngo ashobore kwikingira izuba mu maso.

Habaho indorerwamo z'amaoko atandukanye zifasha abarwaye amaso
Habaho indorerwamo z’amaoko atandukanye zifasha abarwaye amaso

Mbere y’umwaka wa 1200, habayeho kugerageza uburyo bwafasha abantu bafite ibibazo by’amaso kubona kurushaho. Icyo gihe ngo bifashishaga ibirahuri birimo bakabireberamo kugira ngo bongere ubunini bw’ikintu bashaka kureba.

Guhera mu kinyejana cya 13, ahitwa i Venise hari ibisate by’urutare bikoreshwa mu gihe umuntu asoma bakabyita «pierres de lecture» mu Gifaransa. Uko byakoreshwaga, babirambikaga ku rupapuro rw’igitabo barimo basoma, bigatuma inyuguti zisomeka kurushaho.

Indorerwamo z'umurimbo zinarinda izuba uzambaye
Indorerwamo z’umurimbo zinarinda izuba uzambaye

Muri icyo kinyejana kandi nibwo uwitwa Luigi Zecchin w’Umutaliyani yavumbuye ko umuntu afashe ibirahuri ‘cristal’ akabishyira imbere y’amaso ye abyiyegereje byatuma abona kurushaho.

Mu mwaka wa 1284, nibwo hakozwe indorerwamo zitwa ‘roidi da ogli’ mu Gitaliyani, bisobanuye ibirahuri by’uruziga bigenewe amaso ‘verre rond pour les yeux’. Gusa ibyo birahuri byafashaga mu kureba ibintu ari uko ubyegereye gusa.

Mu kinyejana cya 14, nibwo hakozwe indorerwamo mu birahuri bibonerana bikozwe mu buryo bishobora no kugurishwa mu masoko yo hanze ya Venise, nyuma nibwo haje iza mbere zifasha abantu bafite ikibazo cyo kudashobora kureba ibintu biri kure, icyo gihe byasabaga ko umuntu azambara azegereje amaso cyane.

Mu mwaka wa 1400, mu gihe havumburwaga icapiro ‘imprimerie’ bigatuma abasoma biyongera, byatumye n’umubare w’abakeneye indorerwamo wiyongera.

Ahagana mu mwaka wa 1500, nibwo batangiye gukora za ‘monture’ (ibifata ibirahure by’indorerwamo) zikozwe mu mahembe, mu mpu z’inyamaswa, mu magufa y’ibifi binini (baleine), banakoreshaga kandi ibintu byo ku mugongo w’akanyamasyo.

Izi zirinda umuyaga wakwinjira mu maso y'uzambaye
Izi zirinda umuyaga wakwinjira mu maso y’uzambaye

Ubushakashatsi bwakomeje gukorwa bashaka uko umuntu yajya yambara indorerwamo bidasabye kuzifatira imbere y’amaso, nyuma baza kubona ko gushyiraho akantu gafata ku zuru byatuma zifata. Nyuma yaho indorerwamo zambarwaga bazifatishije agashumi kaziritse mu mutwe, bakagapfukisha ingofero.

Hagati y’umwaka wa 1727 - 1730 nibwo hakozwe indorerwamo zifata no ku matwi, bikozwe n’umuganga w’amaso w’Umwongereza witwa Edward Scarlett.

Mu Kinyejana cya 18 nibwo bakozwe indorerwamo zifasha abafite ikibazo cy’uburwayi bw’amaso buzwi nka ‘myopie’, muri icyo kinyejana kandi nibwo haje izitwa ‘lorgnette’ na ‘monocle’ zakorwaga mu bikoresho bihenze cyane, agafatwa nk’imirimbo.

Mu 1873, uwitwa John Wesley Hyatt yavumbuye indorerwamo za ‘celluloïd’, ni ukuvuga ubundi bwoko bwa palasitiki, iyo ‘celluloid’ yaje no gukorwamo montures zitari zarigeze zibaho mbere.

Mu myaka ya 1950, nibwo indorerwamo zamamaye cyane kurusha indi myaka yose yari yarabayeho, kuko ibyamamare byo muri za Sinema byazambaraga by’umurimbo nta pfunwe.

Kugeza n’uyu munsi, hari abambara indorerwamo by’uburwayi, ariko hari n’abazambara nk’umurimbo. Ikindi kandi ni uko uko ikoranabuhanga rishya ryiyongera, ni ko hakomeza kuvugururwa uburyo bwo kuzikora, kuko uko imyaka ihita zikomeza gukorwa, kugira ngo umuntu amenye izigezweho ni uko yegera abahanga mu bijyanye n’indwara z’amaso.

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Ibitekerezo   ( 1 )

Abantu batabona ku isi yose babarirwa kuli 36 millions.Naho abantu batumva bakagera kuli 466 millions.Ariko mu isi nshya dusoma dutegereje izaba paradizo dusoma muli Petero wa 2,igice cya 3,umurongo wa 13,impumyi n’abantu batumva bose bazakira nkuko Yesaya 35:5,6 havuga.Iyo si izaturwa gusa n’abantu bumvira Imana,kubera ko ababi bose izabakura mu isi ku munsi wa nyuma.It is a matter of time.

rutonesha yanditse ku itariki ya: 4-04-2021  →  Musubize

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