Abicanyi bitaga inzuzi “inzira y’ubusamo.” Bajugunyagamo abantu batekereza ko amazi azahisha ibyaha byabo kandi agasibanganya burundu abazize Jenoside. Ariko abo babyeyi, n’abo bana batwarwaga n’amazi bajyanwaga imuhengeri h’inzuzi, bakagera muri Uganda.

Aho ni ho abarobyi 19 baho bafashe icyemezo cyahinduye byose. Aho kwirengagiza, bavanye iyo mirambo mu mazi. Kuyisubiza ku butaka ntibyari ugusukura inkombe gusa—bahaye abo bantu agaciro kabo ka muntu. Bagaragaje ko no mu bihe by’icuraburindi, ubumuntu butagira imipaka.

Impuhwe mu Migezi

Umunyamakuru n’umukinnyi wa filimi Dady de Maximo Mwicira-Mitali, warokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, yamaze imyaka myinshi akusanya amateka y’uru rugendo. Yemeza ko isi igomba kumenya ibyo abo barobyi bakoze.

Agira ati: “Nta magambo ahagije yabashimira. Ntibabonye imirambo gusa; bitaye ku babyeyi bacu n’abana bacu mu gihe nta wundi wabashoboraga kubitaho.”

Hagati ya 2004 na 2011, Mitali yafashe aka gace k’amateka katari kazwi cyane agashyira muri filimi ye yitwa By the Shortcut – Iy’Ubusamo. Ni inkuru ikomeye, ikurikirana inzira iva ku mugezi wa Nyabarongo igera muri Uganda, ariko ni ingenzi. Itwibutsa abazize Jenoside bashakaga kwibagirana, ndetse n’abanyamahanga banze kubyemera.

Abanyarwanda bunamira abazize Jenoside imibiri yabo ikajugunywa mu nzuzi nka Nyabarongo ikambuka imipaka igera muri Uganda.

“Inzira y’Ubusamo” Yari Iy’Ubushinyaguzi

Mu gihe cya Jenoside, abicanyi bakundaga kuvuga “inzira y’ubusamo”—ijambo ribi ryashakaga kuvuga ko Abatutsi boherezwa aho “baturutse.” Iyo “nzira” yari uruhererekane rw’inzuzi zatwaraga imibiri yakomeretse ikayigeza mu Kiyaga cya Victoria.

Ariko si bwo bwa mbere byari bibaye. Gukoresha inzuzi nk’uburyo bwo kujugunya imirambo byari bisanzwe mu bihe by’ubwicanyi byo mu 1959, 1963, 1973 n’indi myaka yakurikiyeho. Mwicira-Mitali agira ati: “Si inzozi mbi gusa. Ni amateka yisubiramo.”

Muri iyo filimi, hagaragaramo inkuru ya Marie Claire Mukamitali, wari ufite imyaka 14 mu 1973, igihe yajugunywaga mu mugezi hamwe n’umuryango we. Yabashije kurokoka mu buryo bw’ibitangaza.

Agira ati: “Banyinjije mu mazi inshuro enye, ariko ndacyariho.” N’ubwo yarokotse, nk’uko byashobotse no ku bandi bacye, hari ibindi bihumbi by’abaroshywemo ntibagaruka ukundi.

Ubumwe Butari Bwitezwe Bwambukiranya Imipaka

Nyuma y’igihe Jenoside irangiye, ubwo imirambo yatangiraga kugaragara ku nkombe z’Ikiyaga cya Victoria muri Uganda, abarobyi baho bahuye n’inshingano itari yoroshye. Bamwe bahisemo kugira icyo bakora.

Abarobyi 19 b’Abagande, bakoreraga mu bice nka Ggolo, Kasensero, Lambu, Marembo, Namirembe, Ddimo na Kalangala, batangiye gukura imirambo mu mazi, akenshi bashyira ubuzima bwabo mu kaga. Benshi barwaye kubera kumara igihe kinini mu mazi. Hari n’abaje gupfa nyuma.

Mwicira-Mitali agira ati: “Babaye igice cy’amateka y’imiryango yacu. Kwitanga kwabo ni gihamya ikomeye y’ubumuntu mu gihe cy’umwijima.”

Hari kandi na Thobani Mohamoud, wiyemeje kwita ku mva zashyinguwemo abo bantu. Mu myaka myinshi, yitaye ku gutuma abajugunywe mu rupfu bashyingurwa mu cyubahiro.

Nyuma y’igihe, ku bufasha bwa Leta y’u Rwanda, bamwe muri abo barobyi baje mu Rwanda guhura n’abarokotse Jenoside, bityo bagafunga uruziga rw’amarangamutima hagati y’ababuze ababo n’abafashije kubona amakuru yabo.

Kwibuka, Agaciro n’Inshingano yo Kuvuga Amateka

Filimi ya Mwicira-Mitali ntigarukira ku gukurikirana urugendo rw’umubiri gusa; yubaka bundi bushya urwibutso rwatatanye binyuze mu buhamya bw’abarokotse, abakoze ibyaha n’abafashije. Igaragaza ukuri kubabaje ko benshi mu bazize Jenoside, bambuwe umwirondoro no mu rupfu, batatanyijwe mu bihugu bitandukanye kandi bashyingurwa kure y’iwabo. Muri Uganda honyine, habonetse imibiri irenga ibihumbi 17, nk’uko bitangazwa n’umuryango uhuza imiryango y’abarokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda (IBUKA).

Kuri uyu mukinnyi wa filimi, uru rugendo rufite uburemere bwihariye. Nk’uwarokotse, yiyemeje kwandika iyi “nzira yibagiranye” mu mateka y’u Rwanda—inkuru irimo igihombo gikomeye ariko ikanagaragaza ubumwe butari bwitezwe.

Agira ati: “Iyo tuvuga abo twabuze, tugomba no kuvuga ababahagazeho mu gihe isi itabishoboraga.”

Uyu munsi, inkuru y’abo barobyi b’Abagande ikomeje kuba ikimenyetso gikomeye cy’uko no mu bihe by’umwijima w’ikirenga mu mateka y’ikiremwamuntu, ubutwari n’impuhwe bikomeza kubaho. Kubera ko bakuye abo bantu mu mazi, bakoze ikintu kimwe abicanyi batashoboye gukora: gusubiza agaciro ku buzima bwari bugamije gusibanganywa.