Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe (AU) urimo gufata indi ntera, usa n’usubira inyuma ku byari byaratangiye

Uyu munsi, mu gihe AU yinjiye mu mwaka wa 2026 iyobowe n’umukuru wayo mushya, Perezida w’u Burundi Évariste Ndayishimiye, uwo muvuduko w’impinduka wigeze kugaragara usa n’uwacogoye cyane.

Bitandukanye cyane n’igihe cy’impinduka zatangijwe mu 2017 na Perezida w’u Rwanda Paul Kagame.

Icyo gihe, Kagame yahawe inshingano zisobanutse: kuvugurura AU cyangwa igatakaza agaciro kayo.

Raporo ye yiswe The Imperative to Strengthen Our Union yagaragaje ko AU yari yararemerewe n’imikorere ya birokrasi, ko yishingikirizaga ku baterankunga bo hanze ku kigero kirenga 60% by’ingengo y’imari yayo, kandi ko yari ifite ibyemezo birenga 1,500 bitarashyizwe mu bikorwa. Nk’umuyobozi w’ivugurura, nyuma aza no kuba umuyobozi wa AU, Kagame yashyize mu bikorwa impinduka zahinduye imikorere n’icyerekezo cy’umuryango.

Hashyizweho umusoro wa 0.2% ku bicuruzwa byinjira mu bihugu, ugamije gutera inkunga ibikorwa bya Afurika hakoreshejwe amafaranga yayo. Inama z’abakuru b’ibihugu zagabanyijwe ziva kuri ebyiri ku mwaka zisigara imwe. Amashami amwe yarahujwe. Abakozi batangira gutoranywa hashingiwe ku bushobozi. AU yibanda cyane ku mahoro n’umutekano, kwishyira hamwe mu bukungu, imiyoborere myiza no kongerera Afurika ijwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

Ariko izi mpinduka ntizari iza tekiniki gusa.

Zari zigamije gutuma Afurika iba nk’iyegeranye kurushaho.

Muri Mutarama 2018, abayobozi batangije isoko rusange ry’ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere muri Afurika (Single African Air Transport Market), rigamije kugabanya ibiciro by’indege no gushyiraho ingendo zitazanyura i Burayi cyangwa mu bihugu byo mu Kigobe cya Arabiya. Sosiyete z’indege zatangiye kongera ingendo zo mu karere, kandi byari byitezwe ko ibiciro bishobora kugabanuka kugera kuri 25%.

Nyuma y’amezi abiri, i Kigali, abakuru b’ibihugu 44 bashyize umukono ku masezerano y’Isoko Rusange rya Afurika (AfCFTA), rihuza abaturage miliyari 1.3 n’ubukungu burenga tiriyari 3 z’amadolari. Intego yari ukuvanaho imisoro ku 90% by’ibicuruzwa, gukuba kabiri ubucuruzi hagati y’ibihugu bya Afurika no guhanga imirimo miriyoni nyinshi.

Mu kanya gato, Afurika yasaga n’ihindukiye: iva ku kwishingikiriza ku mfashanyo igana ku kwigira, iva ku kwigunga igana ku kwishyira hamwe.

Umwe mu bahoze ari abayobozi muri AU yavuze ati: “Byasaga n’iby’amateka. Hari kumva ko umugabane wose ugiye gutangira kugenda mu cyerekezo kimwe.”

Afurika itandukanye mu 2026

Icyakora, uwo mwuka w’icyizere ubu uhura n’ukuri gukomeye.

Ku wa 14 Gashyantare, mu nama yabereye i Addis Ababa, Perezida Ndayishimiye yasimbuye Perezida wa Angola João Lourenço ku buyobozi bwa AU busimburana.

Yatangiye manda mu gihe impinduka zatangiye zisa n’izahagaze, kandi amakimbirane yo mu karere yiyongera.

Ibihugu bigera kuri 40% gusa ni byo byashyize mu bikorwa neza amasezerano y’ikirere. Ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya AfCFTA ntiriruzura; hafi 30% gusa by’ivanwaho ry’imisoro ni byo byagezweho. N’umusoro wo kwiyishyurira ibikorwa bya AU nturakusanywa neza hose.

Ikindi giteye impungenge ni isura ya politiki.

Ndayishimiye ayoboye igihugu imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu ivuga ko kigenda gisubira inyuma mu ituze. Kuva mu 2015, u Burundi bwagiye bubamo ibikorwa byo gukandamiza abatavuga rumwe na Leta no kwimura abaturage ku gahato.

Abaturage ibihumbi n’ibihumbi bahungiye mu Rwanda no muri Tanzania, bavuga ko bahunze uburyo bw’imitwe y’urubyiruko ishyigikiwe n’ubutegetsi itera ubwoba abaturanyi, igahindura amakimbirane asanzwe mo ibikorwa by’iterabwoba.

Imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu ishinja ishyaka riri ku butegetsi gukoresha urubyiruko rwaryo, Imbonerakure, mu gutera ubwoba abaturage no kubafata mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Leta y’u Burundi ibihakana.

Mu gihugu imbere, bamwe mu banenga ubutegetsi bavuga ko amasengesho asimbura politiki zifatika. Ndayishimiye akunze gusaba abaturage gusenga basaba ibitangaza ngo bikure igihugu mu bibazo, mu gihe imiryango mpuzamahanga ikomeza gushyira u Burundi mu bihugu bikennye cyane ku isi.

Mu gihe Banki y’Isi n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye bashyira u Burundi mu rwego rw’ubukene bukabije, Perezida abwira abaturage ko baba muri “Edeni.”

Ubufatanye bwo mu karere n’ingaruka zabwo

Ingaruka zirenga imbibi z’u Burundi.

Ndayishimiye yifatanyije mu bya gisirikare na Perezida wa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo Félix Tshisekedi, yohereza abasirikare barenga 10,000 mu burasirazuba bwa Congo.

Abashakashatsi ku burenganzira bwa muntu bavuga ko ingabo z’u Burundi n’imitwe bafatanyije zagiye zishinjwa ibitero ku Banyamulenge muri Kivu y’Amajyepfo, bigateza kwimurwa kw’abaturage, gutwika imidugudu no kwambura amatungo. U Burundi bwo burabihakana.

Hagati aho, u Burundi bwafunze umupaka wabwo w’ubutaka n’u Rwanda kuva mu 2024, bigabanya ubucuruzi no gutandukanya imiryango. Mu mpera za 2025, bwafunze n’imipaka ijya muri Congo ubwo imirwano yegerezaga Bujumbura.

Umwe mu basesenguzi bo muri Nairobi yavuze ati: “Ibi binyuranyije n’intego z’impinduka za AU. Turimo kubona imipaka yongeye gukomera.”

Kwigunga

Igihe cya Kagame cyashimangiraga ubwisanzure bwo kugenda, pasiporo ya Afurika, no kugabanya amakimbirane binyuze mu biganiro.

Ariko manda ya Ndayishimiye itangiye mu mvugo zishingiye ku busugire bw’igihugu n’umutekano, aho ibihugu by’abaturanyi bishinjanya gufasha imitwe yitwaje intwaro.

Mu gihe urubyiruko rwa Afurika ruzagera kuri miliyari 1.2 hagati mu kinyejana, imirimo ntikiyongera uko bikwiye, kandi umuvuduko w’abimuka wiyongera.

Abasesenguzi mu bukungu baburira ko AfCFTA ishobora kuba isezerano ritazashyirwa mu bikorwa, naho isoko ry’ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere rikaba uruhurirane rw’ibyemezo bituzuye.

Ibihugu byo hanze, kuva ku Bushinwa kugeza ku bihugu byo mu Kigobe cya Arabiya, bikomeje kongera ibikorwa byabyo muri Afurika, byuzuza icyuho cyatewe n’ukudindira kw’ishyira hamwe rya Afurika.

Igihe cy’amahitamo

Abashyigikiye impinduka zatangijwe mu gihe cya Kagame bavuga ko zitagombaga gushingira ku muntu umwe, ahubwo zari zigamije kuramba.

Ariko kuramba kwazo bisaba ubushake bwa politiki buhamye.

Ikibazo Afurika ihanganye na cyo mu 2026 ni ukumenya niba izasubira ku cyerekezo cyayo cyo kwishyira hamwe, cyangwa se izakomeza gusubira mu kwigunga kwa buri gihugu ukwacyo.

Ku rubyiruko rwinshi, iki ni ikibazo cy’ubuzima n’ejo hazaza. Bakuriye mu masezerano y’ubucuruzi butagira imipaka, ingendo zihenze n’amahirwe ku mugabane wose. Ariko ibyo babona ubu ni imipaka ifunze, ingabo ziyongera, n’inzego zitabasha gushyira mu bikorwa ibyemezo byazo.

Ibikoresho byo guhindura ibintu birahari.

Icyabura ni umwete n’ubwihutirwe byigeze kubitera imbaraga.

Murabeho, mavugurura ya AU. Indege zihenze make. Inzozi z’ubucuruzi bwisanzuye.

Si iherezo—ahubwo ni akaruhuko ku isangano.

Niba Afurika izasubukura urugendo rwayo rugana ku bumwe, cyangwa igakomeza gusubira mu gucikamo ibice, bishobora kuzagena imyaka icumi iri imbere.