Dore amwe mu mateka y’abacanshuro muri RDC

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Mediatrice Uwingabire

4-02-2025 - 14:51' | Ibitekerezo ( )

Gukoresha abacanshuro b’abanyamahanga hagamijwe kongera imbaraga za Guverinoma, mu kurwanya inyeshyamba ziyirwanya bifite amateka yo guhera kera mu 1961, ubwo muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), icyo gihe yitwaga Congo-Léopoldville, hari inyeshyamba zitwaga ‘Rébellion Simba’, zari ziyobowe n’uwitwa Antoine Gizenga na Pierre Mulele, bamwe izo nyeshyamba bazise ‘Rébellion Muleliste’, bahereye ku izina ry’uwo muyobozi wazo witwaga Mulele.

Abacanshuro b'Abanya-Romania batsinzwe urugamba bari bashyigikiyemo RDC irwana na M23

Izo nyeshyamba zaje gufata igice cy’igihugu, zishyiraho Guverinoma yamaze igihe gito mu Mujyi wa Kisangani, icyo gihe witwaga ‘Stanleyville’ zikagenzura igice cy’u Burasirazuba bw’igihugu, hagati y’umwaka wa 1961-1964.

Icyo gihe, Moïse Tshombé wari warigeze nanone gukoresha abacanshuro mu myivumbagatanyo yiswe iya Katanga, ni we wasenye iyo Guverinoma, abifashijwemo n’Ababiligi bifashishaga indege z’Abanyamerika ndetse n’abarwanyi b’Abongereza, ariko n’abacanshuro bari bayobowe n’uwitwa Michael Hoare, waje guhabwa izina ry’irihambano rya ‘Mad Mike’, biturutse kuri radio imwe yo mu Burasirazuba bw’u Budage, ngo yamuvugaga mu bikorwa bye nk’aho ari umusazi.

Mad Mike wayoboye abacanshuro, bafashije icyo gihe Moïse Tshombé kurwanya izo nyeshyamba za Simba cyangwa se Mulele, yavukiye mu Buhinde ku babyeyi b’Abanya-Irlande, aza kuba umusirikare w’u Bwongereza warwanye mu ntambara ya kabiri y’Isi yose, ayirangiza afite ipeti rya Major, nyuma ajya gutura muri Afurika y’Epfo, akora nk’umucungamari kuko ni byo yari yarize mu Bwongereza, ariko abivanga no kwikorera mu bucuruzi buto buto harimo no kugurisha imodoka zakoze, gufasha ba mukerarugendo bashaka gusura ibintu bitandukanye aho muri Afurika y’Epfo n’ibindi.

Nyuma y’uko Tshombe yiyemeje gukoresha abacanshuro mu kurwanya izo nyeshyamba za Simba, umuzungu wari umujyanama we mu bya gisirikare witwaga Jeremiah Puren, yamwoherereje inshuti ye y’igihe kirekire, Mad Mike Hoare wo muri Afurika y’Epfo. Muri Nyakanga 1964, nibwo Mad Mike yahuye na Tshombe i Leopoldville (Kinshasa), bemeranya ko agiye kumuzanira abacanshuro kandi akanamuyoborera mu ntambara yo gutsinda izo nyeshyamba za Simba.

Kuva ubwo Mad Mike ngo yahise atanga itangazo aho muri Afurika y’Epfo mu binyamakuru, ashaka abakorerabushake bashaka kujya muri Congo, abona abagera kuri 500, bakomoka mu bihugu 19 bitandukanye, ariko abenshi muri bo, ngo bari abo muri Afurika y’Epfo nk’uko bitangazwa n’ikinyamakuru BBC.

Buri muntu muri abo bacanshuro ba Mad Mike biswe, ‘ 5 Commando’, ngo yasinye kontaro y’Amadolari azajya ahembwa ku kwezi, ariko n’andi yiyongeraho ku munsi, uko agiye mu mirwano. Muri iyo kontaro ngo byari biteganyijwe uko umuntu yishyurwa mu gihe agize ubumuga ku rugamba, bitewe n’urugingo rwakomeretse cyangwa se rwacitse, niba ari ukuboko kw’iburyo bwacitse umuntu yishyurwaga menshi kurusha uwacitse ukuboko kw’ibumoso, uwacitse ino ry’igikumwe yishyurwaga menshi kurusha uwacitse akano gato k’agahera n’ibindi.

Abo bacanshuro bo muri 5 Commando barwananye n’ingabo za Congo zitwaga Armée Nationale Congolaise (ANC), nyuma Mad Mike aza kongererwa ipeti agirwa ‘Lieutenant-Colonel, abo bacanshuro be ba 5 Commando arabongera abagabanyamo batayo ebyiri.

Ku musozo w’akazi yari yahawe, guhera muri Nyakanga 1964 kugeza mu kwezi k’Ugushyingo 1965, Mad Mike ubwe, ngo yibwiriye itangazamakuru ko we n’abacanshuro be ba 5 Commando, bishe inyeshyamba za Simba ziri hagati ya 5,000-10,000.

Muri uyu mwaka wa 2025, nabwo inyeshyamba za M23 zirwanya ubutegetsi buriho muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, zafashe Umujyi wa Goma, ariko zinafata abacanshuro hafi 300 bakomoka muri Romania, barwanaga ku ruhande rw’ingabo za Congo, ariko barwana kubera akayabo k’amafaranga bishyurwaga buri kwezi.

BBC yatangaje ko ikurikije ibyanditse mu masezerano y’akazi y’abo bacanshuro, buri muntu yahembwaga Amadolari 5,000 ku kwezi igihe ari ku kazi, agahembwa Amadolari 3,000 igihe ari mu kiruhuko. Mu gihe umusirikare usanzwe wa RDC we ngo ahembwa Amadolari 100 ku kwezi, rimwe na rimwe ntanayabone.

Abo bacanshuro bo muri Romania, bari bahawe akazi ko kurwanya inyeshyamba za M23, ziharanira uburenganzira bw’abaturage bo muri Congo bavuga ururimi rw’Ikinyarwanda, by’umwihariko bo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi.

Umwe muri abo bacanshuro batashye banyuze ku mupaka wa Rubavu, Constantin Timofti, ndetse wari umuhuzabikorwa wabo, aganira na Televiziyo y’Igihugu ya Romania ku wa Mbere tariki 27 Mutarama 2025, yavuze ko babonye ingabo za RDC (FARDC) zihagaritse kurwana barabireka.

Yagize ati “Igisirikare cya Leta cyahagaritse kurwana, natwe biba ngombwa ko turekeraho kurwana dusubira inyuma”.

Umuvugizi wa Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’amahanga ya Romania, Andrei Tarnea yavuze ko abo banya-Romania bafashwe n’inyeshyamba za M23, ari abakozi bigenga, bafitanye amasezano y’akazi na Guviroma ya RDC, bakaba bari bari mu butumwa bwo kwigisha cyangwa se gutoza ingabo za RDC mu bya gisirikare.