Abahanga bavuga ko mu by’ukuri, uretse umwihariko wo mu ihembe rya Afurika, abantu miliyoni 50 bo mu gice kinini cy’akarere ka Afurika y’Iburasirazuba, bafite ibyago byo kwibasirwa n’inzara ikabije.

Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku biribwa (WFP), ryatangaje ko muri Ethiopia, ahari hateraniye inama ya AU yahuje Abakuru b’ibihugu na za Guverinoma, hari abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 5.7 bafite ikibazo gikomeye nyuma yo guhura n’amapfa, kandi ubu bakeneye ubufasha bw’ibiribwa byihutirwa.

Iryo shami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryagaragaje ko nyuma y’uko ibihe bitatu by’imvura bikurikirana itabashije kugwa muri Ethiopia, Kenya na Somaliya, “byatumye imyaka myinshi yangirika, amatungo menshi apfa mu buryo budasanzwe, ibura ry’amazi, bikomeje guhatira imiryango kuva mu ngo zabo kandi bigatera amakimbirane hagati y’abaturage”.

Umuyobozi wa WFP mu karere ka Afurika y’Iburasirazuba, Michael Dunford yagize ati: “Ibisarurwa byarangiritse, amatungo arapfa, n’inzara iragenda yiyongera kuko amapfa akunze kwibasira ihembe rya Afurika.”

Muri Kenya, mu mpera z’umwaka ushize, Guverinoma yatangaje ko amapfa yabaye icyago cyibasiye igihugu, aho abantu miliyoni 2.8 bibasiwe n’inzara, mu gihe WFP yatangaje ko abibasiwe cyane ari abo mu turere tw’amajyaruguru n’amajyepfo.

Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe imicungire y’amapfa muri Kenya (NDMA), gitangaza ko imyaka ibiri yikurikiranya yaguyemo imvura idahagije, yatumye habaho ibibazo by’inzara, imirire mibi ku bana ndetse n’amatungo arapfa.

Ibintu nk’ibi kandi WFP itangaza ko aribyo byagaragaye mu majyepfo ya Etiyopiya no mu majyepfo ya Somaliya aho abantu miliyoni 2.9 bicwa n’inzara, naho abana bagera k’u 585.000 bafite ikibazo cy’imirire mibi.

Raporo ya Alliance for Revolution Revolution muri Afurika (AGRA) yo muri “Mutarama 2022” yerekana ko kugeza ku ya 30 Mutarama, abantu miliyoni 50 mu bihugu bya Etiyopiya, Kenya, Sudani y’Epfo, Uganda, Tanzaniya n’u Rwanda badafite ibiribwa bihagije.

Iyi raporo ivuga ko ikibazo cy’ibura ry’ibiribwa gishingiye ku makimbirane no ibibazo bya politiki, imihindagurokire y’ibihe ndetse n’ihungabana ry’ubukungu ahanini rishingiye kucyorezo cya COVID-19 byatumye ibiciro by’ibiribwa byiyongera bigira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw’ingo bwo kuba zabona amafaranga yo kujya guhaha.

WFP ivuga ko nko Sudani y’Epfo yibasiwe n’ibibazo by’umwuzure mu myaka itatu yikurikiranya, bikaba byaratumye imiryango iva mu byayo, imirima irengerwa ibintu byateye igihombo hatibagiwe n’amatungo yahapfiriye. Ibi byongereye ikibazo iki gihugu gisanzwe gifite cyo kwihaza mu biribwa byiyongera kandi k’u makimbirane akomeje yakomeje kurangwa muri Sudani y’Epfo. Impuguke kandi zerekana ko iki kibazo cy’ibura ry’ibiribwa bishoboka ko kiziyongera.

Isesengura ryakozwe mu Gushyingo 2021 ryagaragaje ko intara 11 zizibasirwa n’ikibazo cy’ibura ry’ibiribwa cyane mu 2022. Rikomeza ryerekana kandi ko miliyoni 7.2 zizakenera ubufasha kubera hazabaho ibura ry’ibiribwa rikabije mu bice by’igihugu.

Ndetse, imiryango n’ibigo bishinzwe imfashanyo bitangaza ko iki kibazo kogoye cyane bigasaba inkunga nyinshi y’ibiribwa mu rwego rwo gutabara abashonje.

Gusa ariko nubwo ibihugu nka Kenya, Somalia, Ethiopia na Sudani y’Epfo ibintu bikomeje kuzamba, WFP itangaza ko hari ibihugu byo muri aka karere ka Afurika y’Iburasirazuba bidafite iki kibazo kuburyo biteye inkeke.

Igihugu cya Uganda cyabonye umusaruro muke bitewe n’imvura yabonetse ariko yariri munsi y’ikigereranyo kugeza mu Kuboza, gusa bikaba biteganijwe ko umusaruro uziyongera mubihe biri imbere mu turere two hagati n’iburengerazuba, ndetse no mu tundi turere tw’igihugu nka Karamoja, kandi ko bitaganyijwe ko ubuhahirane n’ibihugu bituranyi bizatanga umusaruro.

Tanzaniya, kugeza ubu ikibazo cy’ibiribwa si ikibazo kuko Minisiteri y’ubuhinzi yatangaje ko ubu ifite ibihagije mu bubiko ndetse yatangiye gutekereza uburyo yafungura ubuhunikiro bwabyo no mu bindi bihugu ibintu bizafasha no kubigeza ku isoko ryo muri ibyo bihugu.

Muri iki cyumweru, Tanzaniya yafunguye ububiko bwo guhunikamo ingano I Lubumbashi, muri DR Congo, na Juba muri Sudani y’Epfo. Minisitiri w’ubuhinzi Hussein Bashe yavuze ko igihugu giteganya no gufungura ubundi buhunikiro I Mombasa muri Kenya.

Minisitiri Bashe yagize ati: “Twagejeje toni 800 z’ingano mu bubiko bwombi. Ibi byose biri mu rwego rwo gutuma abahinzi n’abacuruzi bo muri Tanzaniya babona amasoko meza k’umusaruro n’ibicuruzwa byabo.”

Bashe yakomeje avuga ko bizera ko ibi bizatuma abahinzi barushaho kongera umusaruro. Uyu mwanzuro wa gufungura ubuhunikiro mubindi bihugu bikaba ari uburyo bwo kwirinda iyangirika ry’umusaruro rikunze kugaragara muri Tanzania bikazafasha kuwegereza isoko.
Gusa iyi raporo ya WFP igaragaza ko hari imbogamizi mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe muri aka karere nk’uko Ikinyamakuru cya The East African kibitangaza. Zirimo amakimbirane ya vuba y’ubucuruzi hagati y’ibihugu bya Kenya, Uganda na Tanzania bishobora kugira ingaruka ku isoko.

Intambara z’ubucuruzi hagati ya Kenya na Uganda, Kenya na Tanzaniya, aho Nairobi yafashe umwanzuro wo gukumira ibigori byaturukaga muri ibi bihugu mu mwaka ushize, byagize uruhare mu guhungabanya isoko.

Kenya kandi muri 2020, yari yafashe icyemezo cyo gukumira ibicuruzwa by’ibikomoka kubworozi birimo amata, n’inkoko byoherezwa muri iki gihugu na Uganda ndetse kugeza ubu iki kibazo ntikirakemuka, aho Uganda yakomeje no kuvuga ko ibi byakozwe na Kenya baihabanye n’amahame y’umuryango wa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba.

Ibibazo ku bihugu by’u Rwanda, Uganda n’Uburundi naho haracyari ibibazo. Gusa bikagaragazwa ko intambwe iherutse guterwa yo kongera kwagura umubano hagati y’ibi bihugu byumwihariko U Rwanda na Uganda bizatanga umusaruro nyuma yo kongera gufungura umupaka wa Katuna/Gatuna, aho ibicuruzwa byinshi bijya mu bihugu byombi ndetse no muri DRC. Ibi byose bigaragazwa ko byagize ingaruka ku bucuruzi bw’ibiribwa muri aka karere muri rusange.

Raporo ya AGRA k’u Rwanda ivugako rwagize ikibazo cyo kwihaza mu biribwa kidakabije ariko nyuma yo kugenda hakurwaho ingamba zagiye zishyirwaho zo guhangana na Covid-19 zatumye ubucuruzi bwongera kuzahuka bigira uruhare mu gutuma ababukora binjiza amafaranga abafasha kubona ubushobozi bwo guhaha.

Muri iki cyumweru, WFP yavuze ko aka karere ka Afurika y’Iburasirazuba karimo guhura n’ibihe byamalfa nk’ibyigeze kubaho mu 1981. Ndetse Abahanga bavuga ko ariko ari Ihembe rya Afurika ho hakenewe kwitabwaho by’umwihariko.