Martine Uzamukunda ushinzwe ibikorwa (Program Officer) muri Paper Crown Rwanda, avuga ku mikoranire yabo na RWAMREC, yadusangije ko RWAMREC, binyuze muri porogaramu yabo ya ‘Bandebereho scale-up’, bakoranye na Paper Crown Rwanda, nk’umuryango w’aba Feminists mu gusuzuma no gusesengura iyo porogaramu yabo, ndetse no gutanga ibitekerezo, hifashishijwe n’abandi bagira uruhare mu guharanira uburenganzira n’ubwuzuzanye bw’umugabo n’umugore.

Ni byo Martine Uzamukunda yakomeje asobanura ati “Rero RWAMREC nk’umuryango ukoresha MenEngage Approach, yakoranye na Paper Crown kugira ngo dukoreshe indorerwamo ya Feminism mu gusuzuma no gutanga ibitekerezo kuri iyo porogaramu hagamijwe kurwanya ihohoterwa.”

Theophile Zigirumugabe, umwe mu bagize inama y’ubutegetsi ya Paper Crown asanga ibi biganiro byari bikenewe, kuko hakiri ikibazo cy’abagabo batarumva uruhare rwabo mu buzima bwiza bw’umwana n’ubw’umugore. Zigirumugabe yemeza ko ihohoterwa ribera mu ngo rigihari nubwo abantu bamwe bumva ko ari umugani.

Ati “Ni yo mpamvu twifuje gusangira ubumenyi n’indi miryango itandukanye kugira ngo bagire uruhare mu gufasha abana b’abakobwa n’abagore kugira ijambo, bakuzuzanya n’abahungu n’abagabo.”

Gahunda ya ‘Bandebereho’ ikora ite?

Gahunda ya ‘Bandebereho’ yatangiye mu kwezi kwa Karindwi mu mwaka wa 2013, itangirira mu Turere tune ari two Musanze, Karongi, Nyaruguru na Rwamagana. Ni gahunda igamije gushishikariza umugabo kugira uruhare rufatika mu guteza imbere ubuzima bw’umubyeyi n’ubw’umwana, kwita ku bagize umuryango, no gukumira amakimbirane, hagamijwe kubaka umuryango ushoboye kandi utekanye.

Iyo gahunda ikoresha uburyo bwa ‘MenEngage’ bwo kwinjiza umugabo muri gahunda zose z’iterambere ry’Igihugu, cyane cyane izireba iterambere ry’umugore, guteza imbere uburenganzira bw’umugore, no gufasha umugore kugira uruhare mu gufata ibyemezo bireba umuryango.

Bandebereho ikorana n’abagabo bafite imyaka iri hagati ya 21 na 40 baba bari mu gihe cyo kubyara, bashobora kugira abagore batwite, cyangwa bashobora kugira abana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu y’amavuko.

Babagenera ibiganiro 17 bahabwa mu gihe cy’ibyumweru 17, byose byibanda ku myumvire n’imyitwarire y’abagabo mu mibanire yabo n’abo bashakanye. Bimwe mu byo baganirizwaho harimo ibijyanye na Gender n’igitsina (Gender and sex), kuba umubyeyi w’umugabo, impungenge n’imbogamizi abagabo bashobora kugira iyo babonye abagore batwite cyangwa se uko biyumva igihe abagore babo batwite, uburyo umugabo yashyigikira umugore we mu gihe cyo gutwita, uruhare umugabo yagira kugira ngo amurinde ibibujijwe, uruhare rw’umugabo mu gufasha umugore kugera ku byo ategetswe, n’ibindi. Baganirizwa no ku ihohoterwa icyo ari cyo, ibiritera, ingaruka, n’uburyo barikumira.

Ubu buryo bwa ‘MenEngage’ bukoreshwa muri gahunda ya Bandebereho bufasha ababukoresha gutuma abagabo bumva neza, bakagira impinduka ziturutse ku kuba bumvise, atari impinduka kubera ko babwiwe cyangwa babihatiwe, ahubwo kubera ko bamaze kumva inyungu zabyo, bagahinduka babyiyemeje. Izo mpinduka ziraramba kubera ko biba biturutse ku bushake bw’umuntu no kuba yamaze kumva neza akamaro ko guhinduka.

Ubufatanye bw’umugabo n’umugore babwumva bate?

Ephrem Mudenge ni umwe mu bitabiriye ibiganiro byateguwe na Paper Crown Rwanda ku bufatanye na RWAMREC tariki 26 Kamena 2024. Abajijwe uko abagabo bumva gahunda ya MenEngage n’imbogamizi zirimo, yavuze ko ari ingenzi gushyigikira no guteza imbere ihame ry’uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye, kuko ari byo bituma ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina rigabanuka cyangwa se rikanacika.

Icyakora asanga ari urugendo rusaba guhindura imyumvire cyane cyane ku bantu batojwe na sosiyete bakuriyemo.

Yagize ati “Ubu ngubu abagabo bumva ko uburinganire ari ukunganya uburenganzira, ni ukugira amahirwe angana, ntihagire ugaragara ko asumbya undi ububasha n’uburenganzira.”

“Mu muco twatojwe, byakunze kugaragara ko abagabo basa n’abafite ububasha mu biganza byabo. Hari abagabo bakoreshaga ubwo bubasha bakaba bahohotera cyangwa se bakandamiza babizi cyangwa batabizi bagenzi babo b’igitsina gore. Bagakoresha bwa bubasha kugira ngo bambure bagenzi babo uburenganzira. Iyi MenEngage ni ingirakamaro kuko izafasha abagabo kumva ko bwa bubasha n’uburenganzira twese tubusangiye. Noneho kandi turamutse dukoresheje ubwo bubasha neza, tukubaha uburenganzira bwa mugenzi wacu, n’ubwacu bukubahwa, ndetse tukagira amahirwe angana, byadufasha no kugera kuri rya terambere, ndetse na ya makimbirane yaba ayo mu muryango, yaba ayo hagati y’abashakanye na yo akagabanuka.”

Yifashishije ingero z’uburyo abagabo batarabyumva bakwiye gufashwa kubyumva, Mudenge yagize ati “Ni urugendo, aka kanya ntabwo wahita ubwira umuntu uti ejo utangira wite ku isuku y’umwana, umwuhagire, atarabigiraho ubumenyi. Ni ugutangira kumutwara buhoro, agasobanurirwa ibyiza birimo. Ese iyo umuntu w’umugabo aramutse yogeje umwana cyangwa se akoze undi murimo, urugero gukubura mu rugo, gukoropa, gusasa igitanda,… ni iki byungura umuryango? Ese icyo byungura umuryango nticyaba gifite agaciro kurusha kuguma kuri rya zima? Umugabo yishyire mu mwanya w’umugore yumve uko byagenda aramutse ari we ubikora.”

Kamali Theogene, ni umugabo ufite umugore n’abana babiri. Na we asanga umuryango udashobora gutera imbere ubufatanye bw’umugabo n’umugore mu rugo butabayeho ngo bafatanye imirimo yose, kandi buri wese akubaha uburenganzira bwa mugenzi we, kuko bose bashoboye.

Yagize ati “Byagaragaye ko usibye imiterere yabo karemano ituma umugabo agira uko ateye n’umugore akagira uko ateye, ariko imirimo yo bashobora kuyifatanya, kandi aho byatangiye byagiye bigenda neza. Abavuga ko hari imirimo yo mu rugo batagenewe gukora baribeshya, nta mirimo batakora mu rugo, ntacyo batafasha abagore babo kugira ngo ingo zabo zibashe gutera imbere.”

Uwitwa Mucunguzi Izere Joselyne, na we avuga ko abagabo bakwiye kunganirana n’abagore mu kazi kabo ka buri munsi, bamwe ntibumve ko hari imirimo itabareba. Izere asanga ikibazo kitari mu Rwanda gusa, ahubwo ko henshi muri sosiyete zo muri Afurika abagabo bumva ko ari abatware, ugasanga ari ibintu byabayeho kuva kera, aho umugabo bamufata nk’umuntu w’ikirenga, bakumva ko ari we wenyine ugomba gufata ibyemezo.

Ati “Rero ibyo ngibyo bigira ingaruka ku mugore n’umukobwa kuko we yumva ko atabashije gufata icyemezo, akumva ko nta bushobozi afite, kandi mu by’ukuri umuntu wese ni umuntu, bose bafite uburenganzira bungana.”

Martine Uzamukunda ukora mu muryango Paper Crown Rwanda akebura abajya bafata aba Feminists nk’abarwanya abagabo, ati “Aba Feminists ntabwo ari abagore barwanya abagabo, ahubwo ni abantu bashaka ko abantu b’ibitsina bitandukanye bagira uburenganzira bungana n’amahirwe angana.

Avuga ko mu bikorwa byo guharanira uburenganzira bw’abagore usanga bikunze kwitabirwa n’abagore gusa, abagabo ntibabyitabire. Kugira ngo rero bibashe kugerwaho, ni ngombwa ko n’abagabo babyitabira bakabigiramo uruhare, kugira ngo iterambere ryifuzwa ribashe kugerwaho, ndetse n’ihohoterwa riranduke.

Ati “Hari uburyo butatu bwo kubishishikariza abagabo n’abahungu. Icya mbere, baza nk’abafatanyabikorwa (stakeholders) kuko na bo babifitemo inyungu. Iyo batajemo nk’abafatanyabikorwa mu kurwanya ihohoterwa, hari ingaruka na bo zibageraho. Iyo wowe umugabo utabashije kurwanya ihohoterwa, umwana wawe rimugeraho, umugore wawe rimugeraho. Abagabo bagomba kuba inshuti (allies) bakagirana igihango natwe aba Feminists kugira ngo tubashe guhindura ya myumvire, kurandura ubusumbane, no kugera kuri bwa burenganzira bungana. Icya gatatu ni uko baza nk’abarinzi (gatekeepers), aho tubasaba kureka abagore n’abakobwa bagakoresha uburenganzira n’ububasha bafite ntibababangamire.”

“Murabizi ko ahantu henshi abagabo ari bo bafata ibyemezo, ariko ntibashobora kubifatira abagore batamenye ibibazo byabo, abagore ni bo bagomba kwivugira ibibazo byabo. Ariko kugira ngo babashe kugera aho hantu, bakeneye ko abagabo babashyigikira. Niba ufite umwana w’umukobwa, akeneye ko umufasha kugira aho agera, ariko nutamufasha bizarangira agumye mu gikari, ntabashe kugera aho agomba kugera. Ibyo rero ni ngombwa kubihuza kugira ngo tube mu isi izira ihohoterwa.”

Martine Uzamukunda avuga ko Paper Crown Rwanda ikorana n’urubyiruko cyane cyane ururi mu mashuri kugira ngo babashe kurandura neza ya myumvire ibangamiye uburenganzira bw’umugore cyangwa umukobwa. Ati “Niba ushaka kurandura imizi y’ihohoterwa ugomba guhera mu bana bato. Ni yo mpamvu nka Paper Crown twizera ko kugira ngo urandure igiti ugomba kugihera mu mizi. Nugihera mu mashami n’ubundi kizongera gishibuke, ariko nurandura imizi, bizagenda neza. Kano kanya ushobora kurwanya ihohoterwa abantu bari mu myaka mikuru bakabyumva, ariko hakagira ibintu basigarana kubera ko biragoye guhindura umuntu mukuru. Ariko uhereye mu rubyiruko cyangwa se uhereye mu bana, birashoboka kugira ngo ya myumvire ibashe gucika. Kuko umuntu nakurana imyumvire mizima yo kumva ko abantu bose bakwiriye uburenganzira bungana, bizaba uruhererekane, abihe abana be, na bo bazabihe abandi bana. Niba turimo tubitoza abana bafite imyaka 12, twizera ko nyuma y’imyaka 30 hazaba hariho impinduka kubera ko bazaba barabaye abantu bakuru, babyare abana babatoze bwa bwuzuzanye buzira ihohoterwa.”