Ibiza ntabwo ari ikibazo gusa ku Rwanda, kuko imibare y’Ikigo gikora ubushakashatsi ku biza n’ingaruka zabyo ku batuye Isi gishamikiye ku Ishami rya Loni rishinzwe kurwanya no kugabanya ibiza (UNDRR, Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters) igaragaza ko mu 2023 hagaragaye ibiza 399 byiganjemo imitingito, imyuzure, inkongi, amapfa kumwe izuba riva cyane ibintu bikadogera, imihengeri n’ibindi, byagize ingaruka zikomeye ku baturage.

Byatwaye ubuzima bw’abarenga ibihumbi 86, binagira ingaruka ku barenga miliyoni 93, bihombya ibihugu byagezemo arenga miliyari 380 z’amadolari, ariko muri ayo yose ayishingiwe yari miliyari 118.

Imibare ya MINEMA igaragaza ko hagati ya 2018 na 2023 mu Rwanda habaye ibiza bigera ku 7.961 byatwaye ubuzima bw’abantu 1.209, aho abishwe n’inkangu banganaga na 329, inkuba zica 301, mu gihe abishwe n’imyuzure bageraga kuri 212 naho imvura nyinshi yo yishe abagera kuri 200, binangiza ibikorwa remezo birimo imihanda n’ibiraro bigera kuri 355.

Kuva uyu mwaka wa 2024 watangira kugera muri Gicurasi u Rwanda rwari rumaze kwibasirwa n’ibiza bitandukanye inshuro 288, byahitanye abantu 49, naho abagera kuri 79 babikomerekeyemo, binangiza ibikorwa bitandukanye birimo amazu, ibihingwa, imihanda, ibiraro n’ibindi.

MINEMA igaragaza ko Ibiza byagaragaye cyane birimo inkongi z’umuriro zabaye inshuro 29, imyuzure yabaye inshuro 19, kuriduka kw’amazu 89, inkangu 35, inkuba inshuro 37, kuriduka kw’ibirombe 10, imvura nyinshi inshuro zirindwi ndetse n’inkubi y’umuyaga inshuro 62.

Uturere twibasiwe cyane n’ibiza mu ntangiriro za 2024 turimo Gakenke yahuye n’ibiza inshuro 27, Gasabo na Ngororero twombi twibasiwe n’ibiza inshuro 19, naho Nyarugenge yibasiwe n’ibiza inshuro 17.

MINEMA igaragaza kandi ko hagati ya Mutarama n’Ukwakira 2024, ibiza mu Rwanda byangije inzu 1 620, hegitari 1000 z’ibihingwa, ibyumba by’ishuri 66, ibice by’imihanda 60, insengero 12, n’ibiraro 12.

Raporo ya MINEMA, igaragaza ko ingaruka z’ibiza ziri mu bitwara amafaranga menshi u Rwanda, aho buri mwaka rukoresha miliyoni 300 z’amadolari angana n’arenga miliyari 400 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda.

Ibi biza ngo ahanini biterwa n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe ku rugero rwa 20% mu gihe ibifitanye isano n’imiterere y’ubukungu, imibereho y’abaturage n’ibikorwa remezo biriho bishobora guteza ibiza ku rugero rwa 25%.

Hari kandi uburyo butaboneye bwo kwitegura ibiza bijyana n’ingengo y’imari yo guhangana na byo idahagije n’uburyo budatanga umusaruro mu kugabanya ibyago bifitanye isano n’ibiza, bituma biba ku rugero rwa 55%.

Mu rwego rwo kugabanya icyo gihombo, ubuyobozi bwa MINEMA bugaragaza ko ubudahangarwa bw’u Rwanda mu guhangana n’ibiza buziyongera ku rugero rwa 14% mu myaka irindwi iri imbere, buve kuri 46% mu 2024 bugere kuri 60% mu 2030.

Minisitiri ushinzwe ibikorwa by’ubutabazi, Maj Gen (Rtd) Albert Murasira, avuga ko mu rwego rwo guhangana n’ingaruka ziterwa n’ibiza hari gahunda zizahabwa umwihariko mu myaka itanu iri imbere.

Ati “Mu myaka itanu iri imbere icyo tuzibandaho ni ugushyira mu bikorwa ibigomba gukorwa mu nzego zose zirimo iz’imiturire, ubuhinzi n’ibikorwa remezo, buri wese akareba ibyo agomba gukurikiza kuko ni iterambere ry’igihugu."

Arongera ati “Hari ugushyira imbaraga mu kugerageza gukora ubukangurambaga, kubaka ikoranabuhanga ryo kuburira abaturage mbere y’igihe haramutse hagiye kuba nk’ibiza kugira ngo bitegure turamire ubuzima bwabo.”

U Rwanda rukomeje gushyiraho ingamba zitandukanye zijyanye no kwitegura mu buryo bufatika guhangana n’ibiza, hongerwa ubukangurambaga n’ibindi.

Umwaka ushize nibwo hemejwe politiki y’Igihugu y’imicungire y’ibiza, igaragaza uburyo iyo micungire ishobora gukorwa. Ni Politiki igaragaza ko ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryayo rizasaba ingengo y’imari isanzwe igera kuri miliyari 40,26 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda mu gihe cy’imyaka irindwi.

Iyi politiki izibanda cyane ku gushyiraho uburyo bwo gusobanukirwa neza ibyago bizanwa n’ibiza no gushyira imbaraga mu guhangana n’ibiza binyuze mu nzego zifite ububasha.

Hazibandwa kandi ku kongera ubushobozi bwo kubyitegura no gukora igenamigambi rya gahunda zigamije kongera ubudahangarwa bw’Igihugu ku biza.

Imibare ya MINEMA igaragaza ko urwego rw’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi ruhangana n’ibiza ku kigero cya 44%, imiturire iri ku kigero 55%, ibikorwa remezo byagenewe gutwara abantu n’ibintu biri kuri 39%, ingufu kuri 57%, amazi, isuku n’isukura kuri 46%, ibidukikije kuri 44%, ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro na kariyeri biri kuri 42%, n’ubutabazi bw’ibanze buri kuri 72%.