Iyo gahunda yubakiye ku nkingi zirimo kurwanya igwingira n’imirire mibi, kwimakaza imitangire ya serivisi, guteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, ireme ry’uburezi no guhanga imirimo.

Mu 2020, ku Isi habarurwaga abana barenga miliyoni 149 bafite ikibazo cy’igwingira, muri bo abarenga 40% ni abo ku mugabane wa Afurika.

Imibare igaragaza ko mu Rwanda, ku mwaka havuka abana barenga ibihumbi 350, na ho umugore w’umunyarwandakazi ashobora gucura abyaye abana bari hagati ya batatu na bane.

Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’ikibazo cy’imirire mibi n’ibibazo by’igwingira ry’abana, 2011 Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yafashe icyemezo cyo gutangiza gahunda Mbonezamikurire y’Abana Bato (ECD’s).

Ingo mbonezamikurire mu gihugu hose zigeze ku bihumbi 31.482, muri zo izirenga ibihumbi 25 zibarizwa mu ngo zitandukanye z’abantu.

Ubushakashatsi bwa Gatandatu ku buzima n’imibereho by’abaturage (Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey) bwakoze n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR), bwerekana ko 33% by’abana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu mu Rwanda bafite ikibazo cyo kugwingira.

Bwerekana ko muri bo harimo abagera ku 9% bagwingiye ku buryo bukabije, 1% we agaragaza ibiro bike ugereranyije n’uburebure, abagera ku 8% bari munsi y’ibiro bisabwa ugereranyije n’imyaka bafite, mu gihe 6% bafite ibiro byinshi.

Ni igwingira ryagabanutseho 5% ugereranyije n’ubushakashatsi bwa NISR bwo mu 2015 bwerekanaga ko 38% bari bafite igwigira, aho 14% muri bo bari baragwingiye bikabije.

Imibare y’ubushakashatsi bwa gatandatu ku bwiyongere n’ubuzima bw’abaturage mu Rwanda (RDHS) bwa 2020, igaragaza ko igipimo cy’igwingira mu bana cyari kuri 33% kivuye kuri 38% mu 2015.

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yari yarihaye intego y’uko gahunda y’imyaka irindwi y’Igihugu yo kwihutisha Iterambere mu cyiciro cyayo cya mbere (NST1) izarangira umubare w’abana bagwingiye ugeze kuri 19%, n’ubwo bitagezweho ariko ngo icyari gikenewe cyane kwari ukuzamura imyumvire.

Abahanga mu by’ubuvuzi bagaragaza bimwe mu bitera igwingira ry’abana harimo inzoka abana bakura mu mazi banywa yanduye, atekeshwa ibyo kurya, zagera mu nda na duke tugiyemo za nzoka akaba arizo zitwirira, umwana akagwingira.

Ikindi ni ibibazo abana bagira kubera amakimbirane aba mu miryango yabo. Kandi ubwonko bw’umwana butihanganira ibibazo n’ibintu bibi bibubuza kwisanzura.

Igwingira ry’abana cyane cyane abatarengeje imyaka itanu ni kimwe mu bibazo bihangayikishije inzego zitandukanye zita ku buzima bw’umwana kuko barifata nk’indwara ndetse ikaba n’icyorezo gikomeye cyane by’umwihariko ku batuye umugabane wa Afurika.

Muri uyu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari y’umwaka wa 2024/2025, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yagaragaje ko amafaranga yashyizwe mu bikorwa bigamije kurwanya imirire mibi n’igwingira ry’abana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu, yiyongereyeho agera kuri miliyari 1.8 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda, avuye kuri miliyari 355.4 yariho mu 2023/2024, agera kuri miliyari 357.8 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda.

N’ubwo aya mafaranga yiyongereye, ijanisha ry’ayashowe muri ibi bikorwa ugereranyije n’ingengo y’imari yose ryavuye kuri 7% ryariho mu mwaka ushize rigera kuri 6%, bitewe n’uko ingengo y’imari y’u Rwanda ya 2024/2025 yiyongereyeho 12% ugereranyije n’iy’umwaka wabanje.

Ubwo tariki 21Kanama 2024 hasozwaga inama y’Igihugu y’minsi itatu yateguwe n’Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe imikurire no kurengera umwana, hagamijwe gushaka ibisubizo ku bibazo bikigaragara mu ngo mbonezamikurire (ECD’s) nka hamwe mu hafasha abana bari muri icyo kigero gukangura ubwonko hakoreshejwe integanyanyigisho yagenwe na NCDA, Minisitiri w’Uburinganire n’Iterambere ry’Umuryango Consolee Uwimana, yasabye Abanyarwanda kubungabunga ubuzima no kwita ku isuku y’abana.

Yagize ati “Iyo turebye ibarura rusange ry’abaturage mu Rwanda riheruka gukorwa, tubona ko abagera kuri 5,896,601 ari abana, aba bangana na 44.5% by’Abanyarwanda twese. Muri aba bana 2,426,016 bari munsi y’imyaka itandatu bangana na 41% by’abana ariko banagize 18% by’abaturage bose. Kugira ngo aba bana bazabe abo bifuza kuba bo kandi batange umusaruro ufatika mu Rwanda bakeneye serivisi zitandukanye.”

Yunzemo ati “Zirimo kubabungabungira ubuzima, kubaha uburere bufite ireme, indyo yuzuye, kurwanya ihohoterwa iryo ari ryo ryose rishobora kubakorerwa, kwita ku isuku yabo, kubabonera umwanya wo gukina, kubaganiriza n’ibindi. Inyinshi muri izi serivisi tuzisanga mu ngo mbonezamikurire y’abana bato ziri mu gihugu.”

Uretse kugabanya umubare w’abana bagwingira, muri iyo gahunda, harimo ko ubuhinzi buzazamuka ku kigero cya 6% ku mwaka, kandi ko buzakorwa hashingiwe ku guhaza amasoko. Umusaruro ubukomokaho uzazamuka hejuru y’ikigero cya 50% binyuze mu kongera ubuso bwuhirwa ku kigero cya 85% no kongera ifumbire n’imbuto. Ni mu gihe kandi ubworozi buzarushaho gukorwaho mu buryo bugezweho.

Guverinoma yiyemeje ko muri iyi gahunda, hazahangwa imirimo ibyara inyungu nibura miliyoni 1,25 ndetse buri mwaka hazajya hahangwa imirimo ibihumbi 250.
Ku bijyanye n’ishoramari ritari irya leta, rizikuba kabiri rive kuri miliyari 2,2$ rigere kuri miliyari 4,6$ mu 2029.

Ibyoherezwa mu mahanga nabyo bizazamuka bive kuri miliyari 3,5$ bigere kuri miliyari 7,3$.

Leta yiyemeje kandi ko gahunda ya Made in Rwanda izarushaho gushyigikirwa bityo izamure ubukungu, itange n’imirimo. Urwego rw’ubuhinzi, inganda na serivisi ni zimwe mu zitezweho kuzamura iyi gahunda.

Mu burezi, Umubare w’abanyeshuri biga mu mashuri y’incuke uziyongera uve kuri 35% ugere kuri 65% mu gushimangira gahunda yo kwita ku burezi bw’umwana kuva akiri muto.
Umubare w’abiga amasomo y’ikoranabuhanga nawo uziyongera bahabwe ubumenyi n’ibikoresho bikenewe, ndetse n’abantu ibihumbi 500 bahugurwe mu bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga.

Amashuri y’icyitegererezo y’imyuga nayo azashyirwamo ingufu kugira ngo atange ubumenyi bukenewe ku isoko ry’umurimo.

Mu buzima, imitangire ya serivisi izarushaho kunozwa bishingiye ku gukuba kane umubare w’abakora mu rwego rw’ubuzima kandi serivisi zigenerwa abagore batwite n’abana zirusheho kwitabwaho byihariye.

Guverinoma yiyemeje ko mu myaka itanu, hazashyirwa imbaraga mu kurwanya imirire mibi ku buryo igwingira ry’abana rizava kuri 33% rikagera kuri 15%.
Leta yiyemeje ko mu 2029, buri rugo, ishuri n’ibitaro bizaba bifite amashanyarazi n’amazi meza.

Mu bijyanye n’ubukerarugendo, umusaruro ukomoka ku bukerarugendo uzikuba kabiri bijyanye na gahunda y’igihugu yo kuba ku isonga mu kwakira inama mpuzamahanga n’ibindi bikorwa bijyana nazo.

Ikindi ni uko hazashyirwaho indangamuntu y’ikoranabuhanga izafasha abaturage bose koroherwa no kubona serivisi za Guverinoma mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga.

Mu 2029 kandi serivisi zose za guverinoma zizaba zitangwa mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga.
Mu bijyanye n’ububanyi n’amahanga, Guverinoma yiyemeje ko ubuhahirane mpuzamahanga buzashyirwamo ingufu kugira ngo habeho ubucuruzi n’amahirwe y’ishoramari yafasha mu kuzamura ubukungu bw’igihugu.

Abanyarwanda baba mu mahanga kandi nabo bazarushaho kugira uruhare mu bikorwa biganisha ku iterambere rirambye.

Ni mu gihe umutekano n’amahoro bizarushaho gusigasirwa.