Imyotsi ihumanya ikirere

Ibi byatangarijwe mu biganiro byabaye tariki ya 6 Nyakanga 2023 byahuje u Rwanda n’abafatanyabikorwa bo mu Budage, bigamije gusuzumira hamwe ibirimo gukorwa mu birebana no guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere ndetse no gutangiza porogaramu y’imyaka 3 ijyanye n’iyi gahunda yo kugabanya ibihumanya ikirere mu rwego rwo gukomeza kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Imibare igaragaza ko u Rwanda rwohereza mu kirere imyuka ihumanya ku kigero cya 00.03% cy’iyoherezwayo yose, mu gihe umugabane wa Afurika uhumanya ikirere cy’isi ku kigero cya 4% by’ihumana ry’ikirere ku rwego rw’isi.

Tobias Cossen, ushinzwe iby’ihindagurika ry’ikirere, ingufu n’iterambere ry’imijyi mu kigo cy’Abadage gishinzwe iterambere mu mikoranire mpuzamahanga ndetse n’uburezi cya GIZ Rwanda avuga ko muri ibi biganiro barimo kurebera hamwe uburyo nk’Ubudage bushobora gushora imari mu Rwanda mu mishinga itandukanye.

Ati “"Carbon Market izadufasha guhanga n’iki kibazo kuko nk’iyo urebye hano mu Rwanda hari ihumana ry’ikirere riri hasi cyane nyamara hari amahirwe menshi ku bijyanye n’iterwa ry’amashyamba, ubutaka, n’ibindi byose bikaba ari amahirwe ubukungu bw’igihugu bwakubakiraho”.

Tobias Cossen atanga urugero ku gihugu cyabo cy’Ubudage gihumanya ikirere ku kigero kiri hejuru, ko cyashora imari mu Rwanda bitewe nuko ihumana riri hasi bityo bikinjiriza igihugu nk’u Rwanda.

Ati “Ubu rero ikibazwa ni uburyo byakorwamo akaba ari nabyo turimo kuganiraho n’abafatanyabikorwa bacu muri Minisiteri y’ibidukikije na REMA kurwanya ihumana ry’ikirere bikajyana n’umurongo mpuzamahanga."

Mu nama mpuzamahanga ku ihindagurika ry’ikirere COP 28, izabera i Dubai hagati y’Ugushyingo n’Ukuboza uyu mwaka hazasuzumwa ibimaze gukorwa mu guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere mu gihe hazaba hasigaye imyaka irindwi gusa ngo 2030 igere, ari cyo gihe Isi yihaye ngo izabe yamaze kugera ku ntego yihaye mu kurinda ibidukikije.

Raporo z’igihugu ku mihindagurikire y’ibihe zitangwa ku bunyamabanga bw’amasezerano ku mihindagurikire y’ibihe (UNFCCC) - ni ukuvuga First Biennial Update Report yatanzwe mu kwezi k’Ukuboza 2021 na Third National Communication yatanzwe mu 2018 - zombi zigaragaza ko myinshi mu myuka yongera ubushyuhe mu kirere cy’u Rwanda isohorwa n’imodoka na moto.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na REMA bugatangazwa mu 2017, nabwo bwerekanye ko imyotsi isohorwa n’ibinyabiziga iza ku isonga mu bihumanya umwuka mu mijyi y’u Rwanda.

Imokdoka ni bimwe mu bisohora imyuka yangiza ikirere

Ibinyabiziga n’imashini bihumanya ikirere cyane ni ibidasuzumishwa uko bikwiye cyangwa bigakoresha mazutu na lisansi bitujuje ibipimo by’ubuziranenge. Ubu bukangurambaga bwiswe Ikinyabiziga kizima, Umwuka mwiza burahamagarira ababifite kubisuzumisha no gukoresha amavuta yujuje ibipimo by’ubuziranenge.

Kubyubahiriza bizagira uruhare mu kugabanya imyuka yongera ubushyuhe mu kirere igateza imihindagurikire y’ibihe, ndetse binongere ubuziranenge bw’umwuka abantu bahumeka.

Ihumana ry’ikirere riri mu mbogamizi zikomeye zugarije ubuzima bwa muntu. Kugeza ubu, 90% by’abatuye isi bahumeka umwuka wanduye, kandi abantu hafi miriyoni zirindwi bapfa buri mwaka bazize indwara zifitanye isano no guhumeka umwuka wanduye.

Ihumana ry’ikirere rihombya isi miriyari 5 z’amadolari ya Amerika mu kwita ku ku buzima bw’abagerwaho ingaruka no guhumeka umwuka wanduye buri mwaka, kandi biteganyijwe ko kwangirika kw’akayunguruzo k’imirasire y’izuba biturutse ku bikorwa bya muntu bizagabanya umusaruro w’ubuhinzi ku gipimo cya 26% kugeza mu 2030.

Mu kubungabunga ubuziranenge bw’umwuka, ubuzima bw’Abanyarwanda n’ibidukikije, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda mu 2015 yemeje ko ibinyabiziga bigomba gupimwa ingano y’imyotsi bisohora.

Mu 2019 na 2020, Ikigo RSB cyatangaje ibipimo ngenderwaho by’ubuziranenge - bw’umwuka, iby’ingano y’imyotsi isohorwa n’ibinyabiziga, ndetse n’iby’amavuta akoreshwa n’ibinyabiziga biri ku rwego rw’igipimo cya kane (Euro 4) ku mugabane w’Uburayi, bikaba bifatwa nk’ishingiro mu kugenzura ihumana ry’ikirere, gusuzuma no kugenzura ingano y’imyotsi ibinyanyabiziga bisohora hagamijwe kubungabunga ibidukikije, n’ubuzima bw’Abanyarwanda.