Abonye nta gisubizo ahawe, yatekereje ko amahirwe yo kwiga kaminuza agiye kumucika, yihitiramo kwiga amasomo y’igihe gito mu ishuri ry’imyuga mu bijyanye no guteka.

Mu mwaka wakurikiyeho, yongeye kugerageza gusaba kwiga muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda ku nshuro ya kabiri, noneho amahirwe aramusekera, yemererwa kwinjira muri kaminuza ndetse ahabwa buruse ya Leta. N’ubwo atahawe ishami yifuzaga kwiga ariko byaramushimishije.

Mu cyumweru cya mbere cyo kumenyereza abanyeshuri bashya muri Kaminuza, Mukamana yamenye ikintu cy’ingenzi, kandi asobanukirwa ko agomba gufata imyigire ye muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda nk’ikintu gikomeye, niba koko yifuza kugera kure mu buzima.

Ati “Muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, nahamenyeye uburyo bushya bwo gutanga amanota; impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro ya mbere (First Class Honor), impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya kabiri yisumbuye (Second Class Upper), impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya kabiri mu rwego rwo hasi (second class lower), n’impamyabumenyi isanzwe (Pass). Ariko ikibazo ni ukuntu umuntu ajya muri buri cyiciro”.

Nk’uko biteganywa n’amategeko ngengamikorere ya Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, ku bijyanye n’amasomo y’icyiciro cya mbere cya kaminuza yo mu Ugushyingo 2018, impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro ya mbere ihabwa umunyeshuri wagize nibura amanota 80% mu masomo yose, usibye ayo mu mwaka wa mbere, kandi akaba atarigeze abaona manota ari munsi ya 70% muri buri somo.

Ayo mategeko ariko ateganya ko iyi mpamyabumenyi ihabwa gusa abanyeshuri babashije gutsinda amasomo yose ku nshuro ya mbere y’ikizamini, bivuze ko umunyeshuri wakoze ibizamini by’isubiramo (second sitting) atemerewe guhabwa impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya mbere.

Impamvu ni uko aya mategeko ya Kaminuza y’u Rwanda ateganya ko iyo umunyeshuri akoze ibizamini by’isubiramo (second sitting), amanota yo hejuru atagomba kurenza ari 50%.

Impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro ya kabiri mu rwego rwisumbuye yo itangwa ku munyeshuri wagize amanota 70% mu masomo yose yize, usibye ayo mu mwaka wa mbere, kandi akaba atarigeze agira amanita ari munsi ya 60% muri buri somo.

Impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya kabiri mu rwego rwo hasi, yo ihabwa umunyeshuri wagize amanota 60% mu masomo yose yize, usibye ayo mu mwaka wa mbere, kandi akaba atarigeze ajya munsi y’amanota 50% muri buri somo.

Impamyabumenyi isanzwe (Pass), yo ihabwa umunyeshuri wagize nibura amanita 50% kandi akaba ataragize munsi yayo manota mu masomo yose, kandi nk’ibindi byiciro bitatu bya mbere, ntihabarirwamo amasomo yo mu mwaka wa mbere.

Ubu buryo bwo gutanga amanota, busobanuye ko ku mpapuro zigaragaza amanota (transcripts), amanota y’umunyeshuri ku mpuzandengo ashobora kuba meza, ariko ku mpamyabumenyi ntibigire icyo bimufasha mu gihe atabashije kubona amanota asabwa muri buri somo, ahubwo bikamushyira mu cyiciro cyo hasi.

Urugero, nk’umunyeshuri watsindiye ku mpuzandengo y’amanota 70% mu masomo yose, washoboraga kugira impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya kabiri yo mu rwego rwisumbuye, ariko akisanga yahawe impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya kabiri mu rwego rwo hasi, kubera ko hari isomo rimwe yagizemo amanota ari munsi ya 60%.

Hari n’ubwo umunyeshuri ushobora kubura amanota make kugira ngo agire 80%, ariko akisanga mu cyiciro cya kabiri, mu rwego rwo hasi.

Witegereje neza, uyu munyeshuri aba atarigeze agira amanota ari munsi ya 60%, haba mu mwaka wa kabiri cyangwa mu wa gatatu, bikaba byasobanura ko nibura uwo munyeshuri yari kujya mu cyiciro cya kabiri mu rwego rwo hejuru (second class Upper division).

Ku mwarimu w’umutima mwiza, aba ashobora gufasha abanyeshuri batsinda neza kurusha abandi mu ishuri, akaba yaburungushura amanota yabo akagera kuri 80%, ku buryo bisanga mu cyiciro cya mbere cyisumbuye (First Class Honours).

Nyamara ariko hari abanyeshuri bavuga ko abarimu babo bakunda amanota cyane, kandi bakaba badaha agaciro ubujurire bwabo ku manota bahawe.

Ni mu gihe nyamara aya mategeko ya Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, yemerera abanyeshuri ko mu gihe batanyuzwe n’amanota babonye, bemerewe kujurira ku muyobozi w’inama y’ishuri.

Ubujurire busuzumwa n’umuyobozi w’ishami bireba ari kumwe n’umwarimu w’isomo ndetse n’undi mwarimu ubifiteho ubumenyi, ari na bo bemeza amanota umunyeshuri yabonye cyangwa bakayahindura.

Umunyeshuri ushaka kujuririra amanota yabonye yishyura amafaranga ashobora kuba 5,000Frws cyangwa akajya munsi yayo, kandi mu gihe atsinze ubujurire bwe akayasubizwa.

Abanyeshuri baganiriye na Kigali Today, bavuze ko kujurira bigira ingaruka kuko iyo umunyehuri adatsinze, ahabwa amanota yo mu cyiciro cyo hasi.

Iyo amanota yamaze kugera ku kanama gashinzwe amasomo muri kaminuza, nta mpinduka n’imwe ishobora kuyakorwaho, kabone n’ubwo ayo amanota yaba ataremezwa n’inama nkuru ya kaminuza.

Abagizweho ingaruka byabimishije amahirwe

Nk’uko abanyeshuri baganiriye na Kigali Today babivuga, muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, umunyeshuri urangije icyiciro cya mbere ashobora gusaba akemererwa mu cyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza (Master) mu Rwanda, ariko kuri kaminuza zo mu karere no hanze yako, ashobora kutemererwa kwiga kaminuza nziza.

Umwe mu barangije muri UR, ati “Nangiwe kwiga muri kaminuza mpuzamahanga kubera ko nari mfite impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya kabiri mu rwego rwo hasi (second class lower division), nyamara iyo ubu buryo buba butworohereza nari kwemererwa”.

Umwarimu wo muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda yemeye koko ko ubu buryo bwo gutanga amanota bufite ibibazo, kuko “umunyeshuri ashobora kubona 80% mu masomo yose, ariko mu gihe hari aho yabonye 55% mu isomo rimwe, iyo ntsinzi ye ntigire icyo imumarira”.

Hari abandi bantu bagiye bakurikirana imirimo y’inama zifata ibyemezo ku manota muri kaminuza, bashinja abarimu kugira uruhare muri ubu buryo bita bubi bwo gutanga amanota.

Hari umwe muri bo wagize ati “Urebye ukuntu ibibazo bimwe bifatwaho imyanzuro mu nama, ubona ko inama ifite ububasha bwo kuba yazamura abanyeshuri bari hafi yo gutsinda neza, ariko urebye uburyo abarimu bafata ibyemezo, ubona ko ari ugushaka kubahana, ukaba wakwibaza impamvu yabyo”.

Undi ati “Inama ni yo ifite ububasha! Ifite ububasha ku buzima bw’abanyeshuri, kandi bitewe n’uko babona ibintu, umunyeshuri ashobora kuzamurwa cyangwa agasubizwa hasi. Icyo bakwiriye kwibuka ni uko ibyemezo bafata bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwose bw’umunyeshuri wasubijwe hasi”.

Ku rundi ruhande ariko, hari umwarimu wo muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda wabwiye Kigali Today ko iki kibazo gikwiye gusuzumwa mu buryo bufatika.

Ati “Abanyeshuri b’iki gihe bitwara mu buryo butangaje; bashyira imbaraga nke mu byo bakora. Baza mu ishuri bafite telefone zabo ngendanwa, bagatekereza ko zishobora kubakorera byose, kandi bakumva ko bagomba kubona amanota y’ubuntu”.

Umuyobozi wa Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, Dr. Didace Muganga avuga ko, “uburyo bwo gutanga amanota bugenwa n’urwego rubishinzwe hamwe n’Inama y’Amashuri Makuru na Kaminuza (HEC), kandi kaminuza igomba kubukurikiza”.

Ku bivugwa ko uburyo bwo gutanga amanota bubangamira abanyeshuri, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Kaminuza y’u Rwanda arabihakana, akavuga ko n’ubwo impamyabumenyi itagaragaza mu buryo burambuye imitsindire y’umunyeshuri, impapuro zigaragaza amanota (transcripts) zo zigaragaza urugendo rwose rw’umunyeshuri, bikaba bivuze ko amakuru arambuye ku mitsindire y’umunyeshuri ari yo ashobora kugaragaza icyo ashoboye.

Yavuze ko amanota aboneka kubera ko yakorewe, bityo ko ntawe ukwiye kumva ko abarimu bamuhaye ibyo atakoreye.

Agira ati “N’iyo waba utekereza ko umuntu abura amanota make kugira ngo agere ku yindi ntera, ukwiye kumva ko amanota yabonye ari impuzandengo y’ibizamini byinshi, ntabwo ari ikizamini kimwe gusa ureba”.

Yongeyeho ko nta muntu ukwiye kumva ko asuzuguritse igihe atatsinze neza masomo yose kuko “si igitangaza ko umunyeshuri atsinda neza mu masomo runaka ariko akaba yanatsindwa ayandi, kuko nta muntu n’umwe ushobora kumva ko yamenya byose mu rugendo rw’amasomo”.

Dr. Muganga kandi yongeraho ko hari igihe bibaho ko muri kaminuza hoherezwa icyiciro cy’abanyeshuri batujuje ibisabwa ngo bemererwe kwiga muri iyi kaminuza.

Ati “Ibyo bibaho mu masomo ya siyansi kandi iyo abarimu babibonye, dushyiriraho abo banyeshuri uburyo bwo kubafasha kuzamuka”.

Umuyobozi wa Kaminuza kandi avuga ko abanyeshuri boherezwa kwiga muri kaminuza badahora ari bamwe, kuko hari ubwo hoherezwa abahanga cyane, ubundi hakoherezwa abatari abahanga cyane.

Ati “Mu mwaka runaka ushobora gusanga abanyeshuri benshi batsindiye impamyabumenyi z’icyiciro cya mbere, mu yindi myaka ugasanga dufite bake cyane. Ibyo nta gitangaza kirimo, ntabwo abanyeshuri bose bemererwa ari bamwe”.

Ku bijyanye n’abavuga ko hari amategeko ya Kaminuza afite ibibazo, twifuje kubaza Inama nkuru y’amashuli makuru na kaminuza (HEC) icyo ibitekerezaho, ariko umuyobozi wayo Dr Rose Mukankomeje inshuro zose yavuganye n’umunyamakuru wa Kigali Today ntiyashatse kugira icyo abivugaho.