Imibare igaragaza ko mu myaka 40 iri imbere abatuye ku mugabane wa Afurika baziyongeraho abarenga Miliyari 3, ibizatuma Afurika irushaho kuba isoko ry’ingenzi ry’ingufu z’amashanyarazi bitewe n’ibikorwa bitandukanye by’iterambere bizaba biwukorerwamo, birimo ikoranabuhanga n’ibindi.

Yabigarutseho kuri uyu wa Mbere tariki 30 Kamena 2025, ubwo yatangizaga ku mugaragaro Inama nyafurika y’iminsi ibiri irimo kubera i Kigali, yiga ku mikoreshereze y’ingufu za Nikeleyeri, yitabiriwe n’abashakashatsi muri siyansi, aba Minisitiri b’Intebe, abayobozi mu nzego nkuru za Guverinoma n’abandi baturutse hirya no hino bihugu byo ku mugabane wa Afurika.

Abayitabiriye bazarebera hamwe uburyo bwo guhuza imbaraga mu bijyanye no kubahiriza amategeko n’ibindi bisabwa, kugira ngo umuntu agire imbaraga za Nikeleyeri.

Afungura iyi nama ku mugaragaro Minisitiri w’Intebe Dr. Ngirente wari uhagarariye Perezida wa Repubulika, yagize ati “Uyu mugabane uzaba isoko rinini ku rwego mpuzamahanga bitewe cyane cyane n’iterambere ry’inganda, ikoreshwa ry’ubwenge buhangano (AI), hamwe n’ubwiyongere bw’imijyi, byose bikaba ari ingenzi mu kugera ku ntego z’iterambere Afurika yihaye.”

Yunzemo ati “Mu gihe duhuriye hano uyu munsi, Abanyafurika barenga Miliyoni 600 ntibagira umuriro w’amashanyarazi, kuko bifashisha ibikomoka ku biti n’andi masoko y’ingufu zidasukuye bashaka ibyabafasha kubaho mu buzima bwabo bwa buri munsi. Ibi bigira ingaruka ku mashyamba kuko bituma arushaho kwibasirwa bigatuma ibidukikije n’umutungo kamere bihura n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.”

Kuba ingufu z’amashanyarazi zitaratanzwe mu buryo bungana hirya no hino ku mugabane w’Afurika, bikomeza gukoma mu nkokora uburyo abaturage bayabonamo, bikaba imbarutso yo kudindira kw’iterambere ry’ubukungu ku mugabane muri rusange.

Abitabiriye iyi nama basanga kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, hakwiye ubufatanye mu gushaka ibisubizo birambye kandi bifatika byerekeranye n’imitunganyirize y’ingufu by’umwihariko iza Nikeleyeri.

Minisitiri w’Intebe wungirije wa Tanzania, akaba na Minisitiri w’ibikorwa remezo, Dr. Doto Mashaka Biteko, yavuze ko ubufatanye bw’ibihugu ari ingenzi kuko bishobora kwifashishwa mu kubyaza umusaruro ingufu za Nikeleyeri hubakwa inganda nto zizwi nka small modular mu gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi ku mugabane wa Afurika.

Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Niger Ali Mahamane Lamine Zeine, yavuze ko biyemeje gufatanya n’ibindi bihugu ndetse no gutanga umusanzu wabo mu rugendo rwo kubyaza umusaruro ingufu za Nikeleyeri nka kimwe mu bihugu bikungahaye ku mutungo kamere.

Ubuyobozi bw’Ikigo gishinzwe ingufu za Atomike mu Rwanda (RAEB), buheruka gutangaza ko u Rwanda ruteganya gushyiraho uruganda ruto rwa nikereyeri (rutanga ingufu za atomike), nibura mu 2030, mu rwego rwo kongera amashanyarazi mu gihugu.

Ubusanzwe inganda nto zitunganya izi ngufu za nucléaire zizwi nka ‘Small Modular’ na ‘Micro Reactors’ zikaba zidakenera ubuso bunini zubakwaho, zikaba zigatanga umusaruro utubutse ndetse zitanagira ingaruka ku baturage, aho rumwe rukenera abakozi bari hagati ya 220 na 250, bakora mu byiciro bine basimburana.

Hashize imyaka irindwi u Rwanda rutangiye urugendo rwo kubyaza ingufu za nucléaire umusaruro, hagamijwe iterambere, kuko mu 2018 ari bwo rwatangiye imikoranire n’u Burusiya igamije gushyira mu Rwanda Ikigo gikora Ubushakashatsi ku ikoreshwa ry’izi ngufu bizanageza ku ruganda rwazo rwitezweho kugira uruhare mu kongera amashanyarazi.

Kugira ngo amashanyarazi aturutse kuri nucléaire aboneke hifashishwa ubutare bwa Uranium. Barayifata bakayitunganya, intima (atome) zayo zikitandukanya ku buryo zitanga ubushyuhe (ibizwi nka fission nucléaire).

Iyo imaze gutanga ubushyuhe ni bwo bifashisha bagashyushya amazi akavamo umwuka, wa mwuka akaba ari wo bayobora mu mashini ugatanga amashanyarazi.

Ikindi ni uko garama imwe ya Uranium, ishobora gutanga MW 1 ku munsi, ingufu zingana n’izatangwa na toni eshatu z’amakara.

Ubaye utunganyije ikilo kimwe cya Uranium, wabona umuriro ungana na MW 1000, ni umuriro mwinshi kuko mu muri Gasnyantare 2025 u Rwanda rwari rugeze ku bushobozi bwo gutunganya amashyanyarazi anganana na MW 406,4.

Kugeza ubu mu Rwanda habarirwa abahanga mu bya Nikereyeli bari hagati ya 30-50, ariko hakaba hari abandi bagera kuri 200 barimo kubyiga mu mahanga ku buryo bizagera muri 2028, mu gihugu habarirwa nibura abagera kuri 300.

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Amafoto: Eric Ruzindana