Ibimenyetso n’uko isuzumwa

Umuganga ahereye ku bimenyetso umurwayi afite ashobora gutangira gukeka ko umurwayi afite indwara nyinshi zirimo na kanseri, ariko biragoye guhita yemeza ko ari kanseri atarabanza gukora ibizamini bya laboratwari bigomba gutanga ibimenyetso ntakuka bya kanseri.

Ibyo bimenyetso bifasha umuganga kutitiranya kanseri n’izindi ndwara zishobora kuba zifite ibimenyetso bimwe bisa n’ibya kanseri.

Kanseri y’ibihaha.

Hari ibizamini by’ibanze umuganga abanza gukenera nko kumenya urugero (hemoglobine na haematocrit) rw’amaraso umurwayi afite mu mubiri, kumenya uko uteramangingo two mu maraso (globules blancs) turinda umubiri tungana no kumenya urugero rw’imyunyu y’ingenzi (electrolytes) mu mubiri.

Ibindi bizamini abaganga bifashisha biba bishingiye ku rugingo baba bakeka ko rurwaye cyangwa rufite ikibazo.

Niba ari umwijima bakeka ko urwaye, bapima imisemburo yawo uko ingana mu maraso, niba urwagashya ari rwo bakeka ko rurwaye bagapima imisemburo rukora uko ingana mu mubiri n’izindi ngingo zifite imisemburo ishobora gupimwa ni uko.

Mu rwego rwo gukomeza gushaka urugingo rurwaye, abaganga bakunze kwitabaza uburyo bunyuranye bufata amashusho y’umubiri, harimo radiografi isanzwe, ekografi (echographie), sikaneri (tomographie), andoskopi (endoscopie zitandukanye) na MRI.

Ibi bizamini byose rero ntabwo aribyo byemeza ku buryo ndakuka ko umurwayi arwaye kanseri.

Kanseri yo mu kanwa.

Ikizamini ndakuka ni iyo bafashe agace gato k’urugingo rurwaye bakagakoreraho ibizamini bindi nko kukareba muri microscope, kugashyira mu misemburo iza kugaragaza ibimenyetso byihariye bya kanseri runaka, iyo ibi bigize icyo bigaragaza, nibwo noneho muganga ashobora kwemeza ko umurwayi afite kanseri.

Ibi bizamini bisaba igihe, amikoro, ubumenyi n’ibindi byinshi tudafite ku buryo buhagije mu gihugu cyacu; bigatuma isuzumwa rya kanseri ritagenda uko bikwiye.

Uko ivurwa

Iyokanseri imaze kuvumburwa, akenshi ishyirwa mu byiciro bitewe n’aho iba imaze gufata, mbere y’uko hemezwa uburyo bwo kuyivura. Abaganga bahitamo uburyo buberanye no kuyivura bitewe n’icyiciro igezemo.

Bumwe mu buryo bukoreshwa ni nko kubaga ukavanaho ka gace kose k’urugingo karwaye (chirurgie), hashobora nanone kwifashishwa imiti itandukanye iba ishinzwe kwibasira utwo turemangingo dukura cyane (chimiotherapie), hashobora kwifashishwa kandi imirasire itandukanye ikarishye nayo yibasira uturemangingo dukura ku buryo budasanzwe (radiotherapie).

Ubu buryo bwose bufite ubwiza bwabwo, ibyo budashobora gukiza n’ingaruka zabwo nyinshi (effets secondaires) kandi zikomeye.

Kanseri y’uruhu.

Zimwe muri izi ngaruka ni uko n’utundi turemangingo dukura vuba twibasirwa n’ubu buryo bwo kuvura: Imisatsi igatakara, hakaza ibisebe mu kanwa, uturemangingo turinda umubiri tukagabanuka cyane ku buryo izindi ndwara nazo zishobora kwibasira umubiri (leukopenie).

Ubushakashatsi burakomeje kugira ngo haboneke uburyo bushobora guhangara kanseri kandi butagize ingaruka zikomeye ku barwayi.

Kubera ko uburyo bwo gusuzuma kanseri nyinshi bukigoye, akenshi bituma kanseri zivumburwa zitinze, imiti izivura ikaba nayo akenshi igifite ingaruka nyinshi ku barwayi, niyo mpamvu ubu ubushakashatsi nanone buri kwibanda ku buryo bwo kwirinda kanseri.

Uburyo bwo kuyirinda

Mu buryo bwo kwirinda kanseri harimo kwirinda ibintu byagaragaje ko byongera ibyago byo kuba warwara kanseri.

Harimo kureka kunywa itabi, gukingira virusi ya hepatite B , gukingira virusi ya human papilloma, kureka gusakaza amabati akoze muri asbestos, kwirinda imirasire y’izuba ikabije, n’ibindi ubushakashatsi bumaze kugeraho.

Kanseri rero ntabwo ari indwara yoroheje, niyo mpamvu ifungurwa ry’ibitaro byihariye byo kuvura kanseri mu Rwanda n’umushinga wo kugira, mu gihe cya vuba, uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe imirasire ikarishye (radiotherapie) ari intambwe zo kwishimira.

Hirwa Kagabo Dieudonne