Ariko rero, nk’uko byanditswe na International Media Support (IMS), itangazamakuru ryigenga nyaryo mu Rwanda ryatangiye mu 1988, ari na cyo gihe ikinyamakuru cyitwaga “Kanguka”cyabonaga izuba...

Mu butumwa bwayo bw’isuzuma yise “Icyo itangazamakuru ry’u Rwanda ryigiye kuri Jenoside”, IMS ivuga ko ikinyamakuru Kanguka cyashyiraga ku mugaragaro ibibazo bya ruswa, bigatuma abanyamakuru bacyo n’abari bagishyigikiye bashyirwaho iterabwoba.

Nubwo ari ko byari bimeze ariko, icyo kinyamakuru cyabereye Kinyamateka ya Kiliziya, icyitegererezo mu kongera imbaraga mu nkuru zigaragaza ibitagenda mu buyobozi.

Amateka y’itangazamakuru ry’u Rwanda ni inkuru y’undi munsi. Reka twibande ku mugabo watangije Kanguka ari we Rwabukwisi Vincent, wari uzwi cyane ku izina rya Ravi akaba ndetse ari nawe ushobora kuba nk’igipimo fatizo cy’ubwisanzure bw’itangazamakuru mu Rwanda.

Amavu n’amavuko ya Ravi

Rwabukwisi Vincent yavutse mu gihe mu Rwanda akarengane kari karahawe intebe, ku itariki 16 Kanama 1959, umwaka abahezanguni b’Abahutu batangijemo ubukangurambaga bwo kumenesha Abatutsi, kandi byose bitangirira muri Perefegitura ya Gitarama.

Arangije amashuri abanza muri Komini Kigoma aho akomoka, ubu ni mu Murenge wa Ruhango, Akarere ka Ruhango, yatsindiye kujya mu Iseminari Nto ya Kabgayi yitiriwe Mutagatifu Leon. Ariko ageze hagati, Rwabukwisi yirukanywe mu ishuri atarangije nubwo yari Umuhutu, nyuma yo kugerwaho n’ibibazo by’ivangura byari bitangiye gufata indi sura.

Rwabukwisi yakomeje kugerageza gusubira kwiga, ariko irondakarere naryo ryari ryaramaze kurenga imbibi ku butegetsi bwa Perezida Juvenal Habyarimana muri repubulika ya kabiri; Inzozi ze zo gukomeza amashuri mu Rwanda ziyoyoka zityo, ni ko kugana iy’ubucuruzi.

Ahagana mu 1987, Rwabukwisi yashinze akanyamakuru kari kagamije kugaragaza ibibazo by’ikandamiza ryakorwaga n’ubutegetsi mu gihe cye. Ni akanyamakuru yandikagamo inkuru zishushanyije, zisa n’izisekeje ariko zidasesereza kandi atavuga politike cyane, ahubwo akagaragaza akarengane gahari.

Muri izo nkuru ze yakoreshaga umuntu yitaga “Kazagwa” wari umeze nk’umunyarugomo wahoraga arwana n’ubuyobozi afite ibibazo, polisi igahora yamukubise ngo yavuze ibiki, ariko muri make yabaga yababwiriyemo.

Iyo myandikire ni yo yatumye Rwabukwisi atangira kugaragaza ubushobozi mu gukora itangazamakuru, nuko, nyuma y’inama yagiriwe n’abantu batandukanye, yiyemeza kuvugurura akanyamakuru ke gahinduka “Ejo Nzamera nte”, ikinyamakuru cyashyize ku mugaragaro ibibazo by’ubukungu n’ubukene byari byibasiye igihugu, n’uruhare rwa guverinoma mu gutuma ibintu bizamba kurushaho.

Ariko kuri Ravi, nabyo ntabwo byari bihagije. Mu rugamba rwo kumvikanisha ijwi rye kurushaho, yagize igitekerezo cyo gushyiraho ikinyamakuru nyacyo akita “Kanguka” kiza ari ikinyamakuru kigamije kugaragaza amakosa y’ubutegetsi mu buryo bweruye.

Ageze kuri urwo rwego, Ravi yari yarabashije kubona amahugurwa mu itangazamakuru n’imicungire mu karere no hanze ya Afurika, bituma abasha gusobanukirwa byisumbuyeho n’imiterere y’ikivi yari yiyemeje kusa.

Kubera ko yari azi ko atari kubibasha wenyine, yigiriye inama yo kujya muri Kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda (UNR), aho yari yizeye kugeza igitekerezo cye ku bashoboraga kugisamira hejuru, kugira ngo ashake abafatanyabikorwa.

Adrien Rangira ni umwe mu bafashe iya mbere mu kwakira uwo mushinga.

Mu kiganiro na KT Press, Rangira yibuka byose kuri Kanguka. Ari ibibazo n’amahirwe yazaniye abayishinze n’abayifashaga bose, n’igiciro buri wese muri bo yatanze kubera isano iyo ari yo yose yari afitanye n’icyo gitangazamakuru.

Rangira ati “Igihe Kanguka yashingwaga, mu gihugu hari ibibazo by’urudaca by’imibereho na politiki byaterwaga n’ubukene bukabije. Rwabukwisi ni ko kwiyemeza kugaragaza ubwikanyize bwatizaga umurindi ubwo bukene ndetse atangira no kunenga ubutegetsi yivuye inyuma, abinyujije muri Kanguka, ikinyamakuru cyahise gukindwa na benshi kubera ko cyatinyukaga gutangaza amakuru ibindi bitatinyukaga gusohora.”

Amaze kugera kuri urwo rwego, Rwabukwisi yafashe imodoka yerekeza i Butare gushaka abunganizi mu ntiti za Kaminuza.

Rangira akomeza agira ati “Mu ruzinduko rwe kuri Kaminuza, Rwabukwisi yahungukiye abafatanyabikorwa bane bagombaga kumufasha kubona inkuru n’ibindi bitekerezo. Abo ni Kayiranga Marcellin, Mudatsikira Joseph, Bazimaziki Obed nanjye ubwanjye,”
Hagati aho ariko umusanzu wabo bawutangaga rwihishwa batinya ko byagira ingaruka ku masomo yabo.

Aba mbere mu gukekwaho kuba Ibyitso bya FPR

Rwabukwisi yari umunyamakuru washoboraga gucukumbura inkuru, akagera n’aho abandi batatinyukaga kugera.

Nk’uko Rangira akomeza abivuga, muri Nyakanga 1990, Rwabukwisi yuriye indege yerekeza i Nairobi guhura n’Umwami wa nyuma w’u Rwanda nyakwigendera Kigeli V Ndabarasa watanze ari mu buhungiro.

Agarutse mu Rwanda, Rwabukwisi yatawe muri yombi ku Kibuga cy’Indege cya Kanombe n’ibikoresho bye byose barabyangiza kugira ngo atazabasha gusohora ikiganiro yagiranye n’umwami.
Rangira avuga ko batigeze babona n’amafoto yifotoranyije n’umwami, kuko nta kintu na kimwe bamusigiye.

Uko gutabwa muri yombi, kwari nko kwihanangirizwa, atari kuri Rwabukwisi gusa, ahubwo no ku itsinda ryose rya Kanguka. Ukwakira 1990 kwasanze Rwabukwisi ari muri buroko aho yari yarakatiwe igifungo cy’imyaka 17 ashinjwa kwangisha abaturage ubuyobozi.

Kuva ubwo Kanguka yahise ihagarara, kuko Rwabukwisi yasaga n’aho ari umwe mu kibuga mu gihe bagenzi be batabashaga kwiyemeza ngo bamusimbure ku mugaragaro.

Abakozi bane barimo Rangira, bari bamaze igihe bakorera mu bwihisho, nabo baje gutabwa muri yombi mu ihururu ryo gufata abo bitaga ibyitso bya FPR Inkotanyi. Rangira yaratunguwe cyane.
Rangira ati “Baradufashe, batubwira ko bari basanzwe bazi ko ari twe twandikaga Kanguka, baratunekaga birumvikana”.

Bamaze gutabwa muri yombi, basanze Rwabukwisi mu buroko, bibabera umwanya noneho wo kwitegura neza, basanga ko nta cyo bakiramira, ubundi biyemeza ko nibaramuka bagize amahirwe yo gusohoka bazabyutsa ikinyamakuru cyabo.

Mu buryo butunguranye, Rwabukwisi yaje kurekurwa ahawe imbabazi za politike na bagenzi be bafungurwa batyo binyuze mu masezerano ya N’sele, Kinshasa, yo guhagarika imirwano kuwa 29 Werurwe 1991 aho Perezida Juvenal Habyarimana yemeye kurekura imfungwa n’abari baratawe muri yombi bazira guharanira ubwisanzure bwo gutanga ibitekerezo cyangwa se no kuba ibyitso bya FPR.
Ubwo bwisanzure ariko ntibwamaze kabiri, kuko nyuma ya nimero ebyiri za kanguka, Rwabukwisi na bagenzi be barongeye barafungwa bazira ko bari bashushanyije Juvenal Habyarimana mu kinyamakuru (cartoon).

Bafunzwe bashinjwa guharabika umukuru w’igihugu, ariko nyuma y’igitutu cy’umuryango mpuzamahanga, baje kurekurwa by’agateganyo bategekwa ko nta numwe ugomba kurenga iwabo ngo agire ahandi ajya.

Ariko ibyo ntibabikozwaga, kuko nyuma baje kurira bisi ibavana i Nyanza baza i Kigali maze Rwabukwisi ashinga ishyaka rya politike aryita Union Démocratique Pour le Peuple Rwandais (UDPR) - Ihuriro Riharanira Demukarasi y’Abanyarwanda.

Rangira avuga ko mu gushyiraho iryo shyaka, Rwabukwisi yashakaga kubona urubuga rwisumbuyeho rwo gutambutsamo ibitekerezo bye, kuko icyo yari agamije kwari uguhwitura guverinoma kugira ngo ishyire imbere gukemura ibibazo by’Abanyarwanda.

Ishyaka UDPR ryaje kwemerwa hashize umwaka ritanze ibyangombwa nyuma y’uko umugambi wa leta wo kuripfukirana wanze.

Aho ni ho Rangira yahise ajya ku mwanya w’Umwanditsi Mukuru wa Kanguka, kubera ko umukoresha we yari amaze guhitamo inzira ya politike, nubwo yakomeje gukurikirira hafi Kanguka.

Gusura agace kagenzurwaga na FPR: Inkuru yabisubije irudubi

Kuri buri nimero ya Kanguka yasohokaga, hagombaga kuba ikintu kidasanzwe. Nyuma y’uko Rangira asimbuye Ravi, yashatse abayobozi ba FPR, ndetse aza kubasha kujya mu gice bagenzuraga i Byumba kugira ngo agirane nabo ikiganiro ariko ntiyari yabibwiye umukoresha we.

Ikiganiro kirangiye, Rangira yagarutse i Kigali, atunganya inkuru ye ubundi arayisohora.
Abayobozi b’ishyaka ryari ku butegetsi (MRND) babwira Rwabukwisi bati “Twababwiye ko muri ibyitso by’inkotanyi. Hari ikindi urenzaho?”

Rwabukwisi yarongeye atabwa muri yombi, yisobanura avuga ko atigeze yohereza Rangira gutara iyo nkuru, ariko ntibabyumva. Nyuma y’impaka nyinshi, bamuhitishamo kwirukana Rangira, no kwitandukanya n’ibitekerezo bye, Rwabukwisi arabikora.

Kanguka ihinduka Kangura: Inkuru ya Kajeguhakwa Valens

Ikinyamakuru Kanguka kigishingwa cyahise cyamamara bidatinze, abaturage barakitabira biratinda. Muri bo, harimo Kajeguhakwa Valens wari umuherwe muri icyo gihe, wahise yumva ko ari ikinyamakuru yashoboraga gushoramo imari, ni ko gushyiramo miliyoni 50FRW aguramo imigabane.

Muri Mata 1990 habura amezi atandatu ngo FPR igabe igitero, abasirikare bakuru bo mu ngabo z’u Rwanda batangiye gutunga agatoki Kajeguhakwa bavuga ko ashobora kuba yarakoranaga n’umwanzi w’ u Rwanda.

Icyo gihe bagabye igitero mu rugo rwe i Gisenyi, ariko ku bw’amahirwe arakirakoka bukeye ahamagara Rwabukwisi ngo aze kwandikaho inkuru.

Ibyo byarakaje cyane abakekwaga kugira uruhare muri icyo gitero, hanyuma umugaba mukuru w’ingabo yandika inkuru y’amapaji 20 asaba ko ishyirwa muri Kanguka ibivuguruza, bagera n’aho bemerera Rwabukwisi amafaranga kugira ngo ayisohore ariko arabyanga.

Rwabukwisi yabanje kubabwira ko azashyira inkuru ivuguruza mu kinyamakuru gikurikira; ariko nyuma yo kuvugana na Kajeguhakwa bari bafatanyije imigabane yisubiraho, kuko Kajeguhakwa yamubwiye ko naramuka asohoye iyo nkuru ahita akuramo imigabane ye, Rwabukwisi nawe abwira igisirikare ko yisubiyeho.

Ibyo byarakaje abasirikare bikomeye, ariko bahita bashaka indi nzira. Ni ko guhamagaza umuntu wakoranaga na Kanguka witwa Ngeze Hassan icyo gihe wari umushoferi wa bisi muri Gisenyi. Bamuha akazi ko kugenda agasiba ibintu byose Rwabukwisi yagombaga gusohora muri Kanguka ubundi agashyiramo inkuru yabo kugira ngo isohoke muri nimero ikurikira.

Ngeze yabikoze atazuyaje, yohereza ikinyamakuru mu icapiro rikuru ry’igihugu.

Umutekinisiye warushinzwe gusohora ibinyamakuru abonye iyo nkuru yo kwitonderwa muri Kanguka, n’izina rya Ngeze Hassan nk’Umwanditsi Mukuru, ahita aburira umukoresha we icyo gihe wari Rwabukwisi. Nawe ahita avuga ko agomba kwiyambaza ubutabera iyo nkuru niramuka igiye hanze mu izina ry’igitangazamakuru cye.

Kubera ko iryo capiro ryari irya leta, abayobozi baryo bagambanye n’igisirikare bumvikana ko bahindura izina “Kanguka” ho gato hanyuma basohora ya nkuru mu kinyamakuru kitwa “Kangura.”
Nguko uko Kangura yavutse biza kurangira yinjijwe mu nzego zishinzwe umutekano.

Ibyagiye biba byose abicanyi ni ko bagendaga babibika, kugeza ku itariki 11 Mata 1994 ubwo bajyaga guhiga Rwabukwisi Vincent wari uzwi nka Ravi, bamusanga mu rugo rw’umuturanyi baramwica.
Yishwe arashwe na Major Nyampame mu modoka ya gisirikare. Abumvise Rwabukwisi ajya kwicwa, bavuga ko yabajije uwo mu majoro agira ati “Nawe koko Majoro wanjye! Ni iki nakoze gituma uru ari rwo runkwiye?”