Iyo raporo ya WHO yatangajwe muri Lancet journal ku itariki 29 Gashyantare 2024, igaragaza ko ikibazo cy’umubyibuho ukabije kiboneka cyane cyane mu bihugu bikennye kurusha mu bihugu bikize, ikindi kandi ubwiyongere bw’abafite umubyibuho ukabije bukaba buzamuka cyane mu bana bato no mu ngimbi n’abangavu kurusha uko icyo kibazo cyiyongera mu bakuru.

Ni raporo yatangajwe mbere gato y’umunsi mpuzamahanga w’umubyibuho ukabije wizihizwa buri mwaka tariki 4 Werurwe. Bivugwa ko mu mwaka wa 1999 abafite ikibazo cy’umubyibuho ukabije bose yaba abakuze, ingimbi n’abangavu ndetse n’abana, kuko isi yose, bari Miliyoni 226, uwo mubare warazamutse bikabije kuko mu 1 mu mwaka wa 2022, umubare w’abafite icyo kibazo wari ugeze kuri Miliyoni 1.038.

Francesco Branca, Umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe indyo iboneye ku buzima muri WHO, yavuze ko umubare w’abafite ikibazo cy’umubyibuho ukabije, wazamutse vuba ukugera kuri Miliyari y’abantu, “ mbere y’igihe twateganyaga”.

Abaganga bavuga ko umubare w’abafite ikibazo cy’umubyibuho ukabije uzamuka byihuse cyane, kuko aho iyo Miliyari y’abantu bafite umubyibuho ukabije, byari byitezwe ko izuzura mu 2030. Ibyo abashakashatsi bari babigereranyije, bahereye ku gupima ibiro by’umuntu ugereranyije n’uburebure bwe mu bantu basaga Miliyoni 220 mu bihugu 190, babona icyo kigereranyo nk’uko byatangajwe na Lancet.

Mu kigereranyo bakoze, bagaragaje ko mu 2022, Miliyoni 504 z’abagore bafite imyaka y’ubukure bari bafite ikibazo cy’umubyibuhio ukabije, mu gihe abagabo bari bafite icyo kibazo bari Miliyoni 374. Bakavuga ko imibare y’abafite umubyibuho ukabije, yikubye hafi gatatu uhereye mu myaka ya 1990, (14 % ku bagabo) naho ku bagore imibare yikubye kabiri (18.5 %).

Ubwo bushakashatsi kandi, bwagaragaje ko Miliyoni 159 z’abana n’ingimbi n’abangavu, ari bo bari bafite ikibazo cy’umubyibuho ukabije mu 2022, bavuye kuri Miliyoni 31 z’abari bafite icyo kibazo mu myaka ya 1990.

Ubuwo bushakashasti kandi bugaragaza ko ikibazo cy’iyo y’umubyibuho ukabije, ariko izamura ibyago by’imfu ziturutse ku ndwaraza z’umutima, diyabete ndetse na kanseri zimwe na zimwe.

Branca wa WHO, yavuze ko , " Mu gihe cyashize twasaga n’abibwira ko ikibazo cy’umubyibuho ukabije ari ikibazo cy’abakize, ariko ubu noneho ni ikibazo cy’Isi yose, bitewe n’impinduka zo mu buryo bw’imibereho zihuta mu bihugu bikennye no mu bifite amikoro aciriritse”.

Mu gihe kutarya ibihagije ari yo ntandaro yo kugira ibiro bidahagije (under-weight), kurya nabi nayo ni impamvu ikomeye mu zigeza abantu ku kibazo cy’umubyibuho ukabije.

Umuyobozi mukuru w’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima OMS, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, avuga ko hari imyitwarire yagombye kuranga abantu kugira ngo bashobore gukomeza guhangana n’ikibazo cy’umubyibuho ukabije, ariko n’abikorera bakajya babazwa ingaruka mbi ku buzima bw’abantu zizanwa n’ibikorwa n’inganda zabo.

Yagize ati, " Ubu bushakashatsi bushya, bwagaragaje ko ari ingenzi gukumira umubyibuho ukabije mu buto kuruta gutangira abantu bamaze gukura, bikajyana no kwitondera ibyo barya, ibikorwa cyangwa imirimo bakora no kumenya kwiyitaho uko bikwiye. Kugira ngo tugaruke ku murongo mwiza, dushobore kugera ku ntego zo kugabanya umubare w’abafite ikibazo cy’umubyibuho ukabije, birasaba imiranire n’urwego rw’abikorera, bagomba kwemera kubazwa no kwirengera ingaruka ku buzima bw’abantu zazanwa n’ibyo inganda zabo zikora”.

France24 yatangaje ko WHO yo ishyigikiye ko hashyirwaho imisoro ku binyobwa by’ibinyamasukari mu rwego rwo kugabanya icuruzwa ry’amafunguro atari meza ku buzima akunze guhabwa abana, noneho hakongerwa ibyo kurya bitagira ingaruka ku buzima bw’abantu.

Mu Rwanda naho, ikibazo cy’umubyiho ukabije kirahari nk’uko byagaragajwe n’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare ku bufatanye na Minisiteri y’Ubuzima bwiswe ‘Rwanda Demographic Health Survey’, bwagaragaje ko mu Rwanda abagore ari bo bibasiwe cyane n’ikibazo cy’umubyibuho ukabije kurusha abagabo.

Ubwo bushakashatsi bwakorewe ku bagore n’abakobwa bafite imyaka 15 kugeza kuri 49 bwagaragaje ko abagore 68% bafite ibiro bisanzwe, 6% bafite ibiro bike (bananutse cyane) mu gihe abafite umubyibuho ukabije ari 23,3%.

Gusa byagaragaye ko umubare w’abagore bananutse uri kugenda ugabanuka, aho mu 2005 bari ku 10% biza kugera mu 2015 basigaye ari 7%. Mu 2020 uyu mubare wongeye kugabanuka kugera kuri 6%.

Uko umubare w’abagore bananutse wagiye umanuka ni ko uw’abafite ibiro bikabije wagiye uzamuka. Mu 2005 bavuye kuri 12% bagera kuri 16% mu 2010. Uyu mubare wakomeje kuzamuka ku buryo hagati ya 2014 na 2015 bari bamaze kugera kuri 21% ndetse mu 2019/2020 bagera kuri 26%.

Ubwo bushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko umubyibuho ukabije ugaragara cyane mu bagore bize n’abakize kurenza abatarize n’abakennye. Byagaragaye ko mu bagore batize nibura abagera kuri 22% ari bo bafite ikibazo cy’umubyibuho ukabije, mu gihe muri bagenzi babo bize nibura amashuri yisumbuye gusubiza hejuru 52% ari bo bafite iki kibazo.

Ku bijyanye n’amikoro, byagaragaye ko 13% by’abagore bakennye, 13% ari bo bafite umubyibuho ukabije, mu gihe 44% by’abakize ari bo bafite iki kibazo. Iki kibazo kandi kinagaragara ku bagore bo mu mijyi kurenza abo mu cyaro kuko bamwe bari kuri 42% mu gihe abandi bari kuri 22%.

Abagore bo mu Mujyi wa Kigali baba bafite ibyago bingana na 43% byo kuzahura n’umubyibuho ukabije mu gihe abo mu ntara bo biba biri hagati ya 20% na 27%.

Hari inama zitangwa zo kwirinda ibi bibazo birimo kuba umuntu yahindura imirire ndetse no kumenya ingano y’ibiryo arya.

Umuntu ashobora kubagwa iyo indwara y’umubyibuho ishobora kumuhitana, umuntu kandi ashobora guhabwa imiti mu rwego rwo kwirinda ibibazo by’ubundi burwayi yaterwa n’umubyibuho ukabije. Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri na byo ni umuti w’indwara y’umubyibuho ukabije.