U Rwanda na RDC bihuriye kuri byinshi byatuma biba inshuti zikomeye

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Mediatrice Uwingabire

5-11-2024 - 22:10' | Ibitekerezo ( )

Mu kiganiro aherutse kugirana n’igitangazamakuru cya CSIS, Gen (Rtd) James Kabarebe yasobanuye byinshi ku mubano w’u Rwanda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, avuga ko uhereye mu mateka y’igihe cy’ubukoroni kugeza ubu, usangamo byinshi byagombye gutuma u Rwanda na RDC biba inshuti zikomeye, kuko muri ayo mateka yose usangamo byinshi byasenya ubucuti cyangwa bikabwubaka bitewe n’amahitamo.

Yasubiye inyuma mu mateka mu 1923, asobanura ko igisirikare cy’u Rwanda cyambuwe ububasha bwose, bujya mu maboko y’ingabo z’u Bubiligi bwakoronije u Rwanda ndetse n’ingabo za Congo z’icyo gihe ( Les Forces Publiques), kuko izo ngabo zari ziyobowe na Colonel Guy Logiest w’Umubiligi, zakoreraga muri RDC, mu Rwanda no mu Burundi. Izo ngabo zarimo iza Congo, ngo zayoboye igisirikare cy’u Rwanda guhera ubwo mu 1923 kugeza mu 1963 ubwo ba Ofisiye ba mbere b’u Rwanda bari barangije amasomo ya gisirikare.

Mu gihe cyo kumeneshwa kw’Abanyarwanda b’Abatutsi mu 1959 hari abagiye muri RDC yari Zaire icyo gihe, bakirwa nk’impunzi bariga bamererwa neza, kandi ibyo na byo ngo ni amateka ahuza RDC n’u Rwanda nk’ibihugu bituranye, uko kubana kw’abaturage babyo byongera umubano mwiza.

Mu 1990 mu gihe ingabo za RPA nk’igisirikare cya RPF-Inkotanyi zateraga u Rwanda ziturutse muri Uganda zigamije kubohora u Rwanda no gucyura impunzi zari zimaze imyaka 30 hanze y’Igihugu, ingabo za Zaire icyo gihe yari iyobowe na Perezida Mobutu, zaje gutanga umusanzu no kurwana ku ruhande rwa Leta ya Habyarimana, izo ngabo za Zaire zigira uruhare mu kurwanya RPA kugira ngo idashobora kubohora u Rwanda.

Yagize ati,”Ntekereza ko aho ari ho haturutse bimwe mu bigize ibibazo dufitanye uyu munsi, ni aho byaturutse”.

Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yasobanuye ko uko kuba Mobutu yarohereje ingabo zo kurwanya ingabo za RPA byari bivuze ko yifatanyije na Leta y’abicanyi yakoze Jenoside, kuko kuri we iryo jambo Jenoside risobanura ubwicanyi bwakorewe Abatutsi guhera mu 1959 kuzamura mu myaka itandukanye. Ikindi cyateje ikibazo ngo ni uko no mu gihe Jenoside yari imaze guhagarikwa, mu 1994, ubutegetsi bwa Mobutu bwakiriye ingabo z’u Rwanda zari zimaze gukora Jenoside, nyuma zituzwa hafi y’imipaka y’u Rwanda.

Ariko kandi mbere cyangwa se mu gihe cya Jenoside icyo gihugu cya Zaire/RDC cyatanze inzira n’uburyo bwakoreshwaga n’ingabo z’u Bufaransa zafashije iz’u Rwanda mu gukomeza gukora Jenoside mu cyiswe ‘Zone Turquoise’, aho izo ngabo z’u Bufaransa zari zifite ibirindiro ahitwa i Kindu na Bukavu muri Zaire, zigaturuka aho ziza mu Rwanda gufasha Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yari irimo gukora ubwicanyi.

Yasobanuye ko izo ngabo zatujwe hafi y’imipaka y’u Rwanda, ari zo zatangiye kugaruka mu 1995-1996 zikica abantu mu Rwanda, by’umwihariko harimo abacitse ku icumu rya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi bari bamaze kurokorwa n’ingabo za RPA. Gusa, izo ngabo zari zimaze gukora Jenoside mu Rwanda zigahungira muri Zaire, na ho zagezeyo zihasanga abaturage basa n’abo zari zimaze kwica mu Rwanda zitangira kubica na bo, bituma bamwe bahungira mu Rwanda, mu Burundi no muri Uganda, kandi n’ubu izo mpunzi z’Abatutsi b’Abanye-Congo ziracyari mu bihugu zahungiyemo kuva ubwo mu 1994. Iyo na yo ikaba ari imwe mu mpamvu z’umubano utameze neza muri iki gihe.

Abajijwe ku cyatumye ingabo z’u Rwanda zijya muri Zaire mu 1996, Gen(Rtd) Kabarebe yasobanuye ko nta yandi mahitamo rwari rufite, kuko ingabo zari zahunze zimaze gukora Jenoside mu Rwanda, zatujwe mu nkambi hamwe n’abaturage b’abasivili, zihabwa izindi ntwaro zo gukomeza kubuza umutekano mu Rwanda, no mu gihe cyo gusenya izo nkambi hafi y’imipaka y’u Rwanda, Perezida Mobutu agaragaza gushaka kubitambamira, bituma u Rwanda rufatanya n’abarwanyaga ubutegetsi bwa Mobutu icyo gihe, inkambi zirasenywa. Gusa yemeza ko iyo Zaire ikora nka Tanzania, ikambura intwaro abarwanyi bayihungiyemo, ikabatuza kure y’umupaka, batavanze n’abasivili nta kibazo cyari kubaho.

Gen(Rtd) Kabarebe yameza ko nta kintu cyoroshye nko kugira umubano mwiza hagati y’u Rwanda na RDC, kuko bisaba ubushake bwa politiki gusa. Kuko niba umubano mwiza waragarutse hagati y’u Rwanda n’u Bufaransa n’ibyo bwakoreye u Rwanda byose, ngo ntacyatuma bidakunda no kuri RDC. Ikibazo gihari ni uko u Bufaransa ari igihugu gifite uko kiyobowe, kizi ibyo gishaka, kizi akamaro k’amahoro, bitandukanye na RDC ubuyobozi bwayo guhera mu 1994-1996, ngo bwagiye bukoresha politiki y’urwango ku Rwanda by’umwihariko ku baturage b’Abatutsi nk’intwaro yo kwigarurira icyizere cy’abaturage b’Abanye-Congo kugira ngo bushobore kuguma ku butegetsi. Ubutegetsi bwa RDC, ngo bufata intege nkeya bufite cyangwa ibindi byose bitagenda mu gihugu bukavuga ko byatewe n’u Rwanda.

Yavuze ko iyo politiki ari ikinyoma kandi ari mbi ku Banye-Congo kuko ibayobya. U Rwanda na rwo rwashoboraga gukora nk’ibyo, rugendeye kuri ibyo yasobanuye byagiye biba mu Rwanda mu bihe bitandukanye bikozwe na Zaire cyangwa se na RDC ariko ngo ntirwabikora, ntirwatunga umuturage wa Congo urutoki, ntirwakwanganisha abaturage b’u Rwanda na RDC. Umuturage wa RDC ngo aturuka muri RDC akajya aho ashaka hose mu Rwanda nta muntu wamuhutaza ariko ibyo ngo si ko bigenda ku muturage w’u Rwanda uri muri RDC bakaramuka bamumenye ko ko ari Umunyarwanda cyangwa se byaba bibi cyane akaba ari umututsi kuko arahohoterwa, bikagera n’aho yicwa, agatwikwa ubundi bakanamurya.

Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yemeza ko abaturage ba RDC abenshi batanga u Rwanda ndetse batanga Abanyarwanda, ahubwo ikibazo bagize ari uko bafashwe bugwate n’abanyapolitiki babangisha u Rwanda nk’uburyo bwo gutwikira ibibazo bafite mu miyoborere yabo, naho ubundi bisanga mu Rwanda ku buryo nubwo umubano utameze neza umupaka wa Rubavu-Goma ari umwe mu mipaka ya mbere igira urujya n’uruza cyane ku isi.

Yagize ati "U Rwanda nta ruhare na rumwe rwagize mu gutangiza iyi ntambara, icyo abantu bibagirwa ni uko u Rwanda rwakungukira cyane mu kubana mu mahoro na RDC, ubucuruzi bwacu, imigenderanire hagati y’abaturage bacu, usanga biri hejuru cyane iyo hari amahoro hagati y’ibihugu byombi…”

Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yasobanuye ko ubutegetsi buriho ubu muri RDC bwa Perezida Felix Tshisekedi ari bwo bwasubije inyuma umubano w’u Rwanda na RDC kuko ku butegetsi bwa Perezida Joseph Kabila umubano utari umeze nabi. Intambara ya M23 u Rwanda rushinjwa kuba ari rwo rwayitangije ngo ntabwo ari byo kuko mu gihe yatsindwaga bwa mbere mu 2013, yacitsemo ibice bibiri kimwe kiza mu Rwanda cyari kiyobowe na Bosco Ntaganda, cyamburwa intwaro kijya gutuzwa muri Kirehe, ikindi gice kijya muri Uganda kigumana intwaro, mu 2022 cyongera kubura intambara na Leta ya DR Congo, kuko M23 yari yasohowe mu biganiro by’amahoro bya Nairobi, Leta ya DR Congo yanze kuganira na M23 ivuga ko ari umutwe w’iterabwoba, intambara yongera kubura ihereye ahitwa Bunagana (RDC), ariko igitangaje ngo muri icyo gihe cy’intambara ya M23 muri Bunagana, ingabo za RDC zarashe mu Rwanda inshuro eshatu zitandukanye nk’ubushotoranyi…

Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yasobanuye ko no mu gihe ubutegetsi bwa RDC bwashyiragaho ibihe bidasanzwe mu Burasirazuba bw’icyo gihugu abategetsi b’abasivili bagasimbuzwa abasirikare mu cyiswe ‘State of Emergency ’ abo basikare bakuru bashyizwe muri iyo myanya ari bamwe mu bari mu gisirikare cya Mobutu baje mu Rwanda mu ntambara yo kurwanya RPA mu 1990 bakaba bagifite umutima wo kwihorera ku Rwanda.