Gushyira umurwa uhoraho w’Abami i Nyanza, byabaye intangiriro yo gukura k’uyu Mujyi, ari na yo mpamvu bigoye gutandukanya amateka ya Nyanza n’ay’Abami b’u Rwanda.

Ubundi umwami Musinga yimye ingoma mu mwaka w’1896, abanza gutura ahantu hanyuranye harimo ahitwa i Runda mu Karere ka Kamonyi, ahitwa i Bweramvura ndetse n’i Mwima.

Nyuma yaho ngo indagu zemeje ko ajya gutura ahitwa mu Gakenyeri (hafi ya Kiliziya yaragijwe Kiristu Umwami iherereye mu mujyi wa Nyanza), nk’uko bivugwa na Celestin Nyirishema, umushakashatsi n’umwanditsi, ndetse na Jean Baptiste Rwabikumba wari utuye i Nyanza ku ngoma y’Umwami Rudahigwa.

Ingoro ya Musinga yari igizwe n’inzu 16 harimo inini ya kambere n’izindi zari zigiye zifite imimaro inyuranye nk’iy’amata, iy’inzoga n’ibindi.

Mu Gakenyeri umwami Musinga yahatuye kugeza mu mwaka w’1931, ubwo abazungu bamuciraga i Kamembe, bamuziza ko yari yanze imigirire yabo yo kwinjirira umuco n’imiyoborere y’Igihugu.

Mu mwaka w’1940, abazungu babonye ko i Kamembe abantu bakomezaga kumusura noneho bamucira i Moba muri Congo, ku birometero igihumbi uvuye i Kamembe, kandi hirya y’Ikiyaga cya Kivu.

Umwami Musinga bamaze kumukura ku ngoma abazungu bimitse umuhungu we Mutara III Rudahigwa. Bamwimikiye i Mwima nyuma yaho bamutuza mu Rukari aho bari bamwubakiye inzu itari iy’ibyatsi. Yatanze yari amaze kubaka indi nzu ahitwa ku Rwesero, ariko yari atarayitaha. Ubu yagizwe Ingoro y’Amateka yo Kwigira.

Nyanza yakomeje kuba umurwa kugeza mu mwaka w’1961. Kigeli V Ndahindurwa, ari na we Mwami wa nyuma, yimitswe abakoroni baramaze gukuraho ubwami ku buryo we yatuye mu nzu yari ntoya, iri hafi y’ahitwa ku bigega.

Uretse Musinga, Rudahigwa na Ndahindurwa, hari n’abandi bami bari baratuye muri Nyanza nk’uko bivugwa n’umushakashatsi Nyirishema.

Agira ati “Mutara ll Rwogera yatuye i Mwima na Rungu. Yari ahafite umurwa ukomeye warimo inzu yaruse izindi zose z’abami zabayeho. Yari yubakishije ubuhivu, ku buryo n’abasizi bayivuze. Nta yindi ngoro yigeze ingana n’iya Rwogera. Rwabugiri nyuma ahaje na we, muri uwo murwa, barabihindura bati, ntabwo umwami yaza gutura i Rungu nk’uko byahoze, habaye Mushirarungu.”

Avuga kandi ko na Ndahiro Cyamatare kimwe na Mibambwe Sekarongoro Mutabazi na bo batuye i Nyanza.

Ikimenyetso gisigaye cy’aho umwami Musinga yatuye, ni igiti kinini cyane cy’umuvumu. Bacyita ikigabiro, ni ukuvuga ikirango cy’ahahoze urugo rw’Umwami. Hafi yaho ugana mu kabande haracyari iriba ryashorwagamo inka ze.

Musinga amaze kuhirukanwa, mu mwaka w’1935 haje gusenywa, maze hubakwa amashuri na Kiliziya umwami Rudahigwa yatuye Kristu Umwami mu mwaka w’1946, nyuma y’uko yari yabatijwe mu mwaka w’1943.

Ubwiyongere bw’ibikorwa by’iterambere rya Nyanza

Hagati y’umwaka w’1899 n’uw’1960 habayeho ukwiyongera kw’ibikorwa remezo i Nyanza.

Mu w’1937 hubatswe ikaragiro ry’amata, bigizwemo uruhare rukomeye n’Umwami Rudahigwa, nk’uko bisobanurwa n’umusaza Rwabikumba.

Agira ati “Umwami Mutara ni we wasabye ko ryajyaho, kugira ngo amata y’u Rwanda yoye gupfa ubusa, bajye bayakuramo za fromage na za beurre.”

Mu mwaka w’1957 ryaje gufunga imiryango ku bw’imvururu zabaye mu Rwanda, mu 1967 ryongera kubyutsa umutwe ku nkunga y’Abadage na UNICEF.

Ryakomwe mu nkokora na Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, ariko mu mwaka w’1995 ryongera gukora, hanyuma mu w’1999 ryegurirwa Minisiteri y’Ingabo, riravugururwa riva ku bushobozi bwo gutunganya litiro ibihumbi bibiri ku munsi, ubu rikaba rigeze kuri litiro ibihumbi 20. Intego kandi ngo ni ukongera kwagura, bakagera ku gutunganya litiro ibihumbi 50 ku munsi.

Nyuma y’inzara ya Ruzagayura yaturutse ku ntambara ya kabiri y’isi yose (yabaye hagati ya 1940 na 1945) umwami Mutara yubatse n’ibigega byo guhunikamo imyaka, biherereye aho bita ku Bigega.

Rwabikumba ati “Biriya bigega na byo Rudahigwa yabishyizemo intege kugira ngo bazajye babihunikamo imyaka, igihe imbuto yabuze noneho bajye bongera bayisubize mu baturage.”

Mu rwego rwo kurwanya inzara nanone, i Nyamagana hacukuwe icyuzi cyayobowemo amazi yo kwifashisha mu kuhira imyaka.

I Nyanza kandi, umwami Rudahigwa yahubatse urukiko mu mwaka w’1937 yaciragamo imanza, arekera aho gucira imanza ku Karubanda.

Nta wavuga kwaguka kwa Nyanza ngo yibagirwe ikipe ya Rayon Sports yahaboneye izuba, ikaza kwimukira i Kigali. Icyakora kuri ubu buri mwaka iza gukinira kuri Sitade yaho, Abanyenyanza bakabyishimira, muri gahunda bise ‘Gikundiro ku ivuko’.

Nyanza yagizwe igicumbi cy’umuco kubera amateka yayo

Hagati y’umwaka w’1960 n’uw’1994 habayeho kudindira k’Umujyi wa Nyanza kubera ko ubuyobozi bwariho mu Rwanda bwanakoze ku buryo iryo zina ridakomeza kuvugwa, hitwa Nyabisindu.

Nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu mwaka w’1994 wongeye kuzamurwa, ku buryo ugenda ugira ibikorwa biwuteza imbere, harimo ibikorwa remezo nk’imihanda ya kaburimbo, amahoteli agenda ahubakwa, n’ibindi.

Hari n’Ingoro z’Umurage w’u Rwanda ebyiri ari zo iyo mu Rukari yiswe Ingoro y’Amateka y’Abami n’Ingoro y’Umurage yo Kwigira iri mu nyubako Umwami Rudahigwa yari yujuje ku Rwesero, agatanga atayitashye.

Kuri ubu Nyanza yagizwe Igicumbi cy’Umuco, ku buryo hari imishinga yo guteza imbere ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku muco igenda ihashyirwa. Ni no muri urwo rwego inyubako yahoze ari urukiko rw’Umwami ubu yagizwe inzu iyobora ba mukerarugendo.

Hagenwe n’inzira zo gusura amateka yaho, harimo inzira nyabami, n’inzira yo kujya ku musozi witegeye ahantu henshi mu Rwanda (Nyanza Big View). Barateganya no kubaka Umudugudu Ndangamuco (Cultural Village) ku gasozi kari hejuru y’icyuzi cya Nyamagana.

Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Nyanza, Erasme Ntazinda, asobanura ko amateka y’Umujyi wa Nyanza ahatse ubukungu bushingiye ku muco, ari na yo mpamvu bawuhaye icyerekezo cyo kuba ‘Izingiro ry’ubukerarungendo bushingiye ku muco’.

Kuri ubu kandi bari kwizihiza yubile y’imyaka 125 umaze ushinzwe, nk’uburyo bwo kugira ngo Nyanza n’amateka yayo bimenyekane.

Ati “Nyanza ni Umujyi ufite amateka, ufite ubukungu, ufite uko wabayeho n’uko wakuze, n’aho ugeze uyu munsi, ndetse ufite n’icyerekezo kiwuganisha mu cyerekezo Igihugu kirimo cyane cyane cyo kuvuga ngo, ni iki cy’umwihariko dufite cyatuma ubukungu buzamuka?”

Intego ni uko ngo Nyanza kuri ubu isurwa n’abakabakaba ibihumbi 100 bitaranageraho ku mwaka, yazajya isurwa n’abagera kuri miriyoni ku mwaka.

Ku bijyanye n’ibikorwa byo kwizihiza isabukuru y’imyaka 125 Nyanza imaze ishinzwe, byatangiye kuva tariki ya 2 kugeza ku ya 7 Nzeri 2024.

Muri ibyo bikorwa harimo ibyo kumurika bimwe mu bishingiye ku muco biri i Nyanza, kunyura mu Nzira Nyabami abantu basobanurirwa amateka y’ubwami i Nyanza, isiganwa ry’amagare, hanyuma byose bigasozwa n’umukino w’umupira w’amaguru uhuza ikipe ya Rayon Sports n’iya Mukura.