Inkomoko z’izo ndwara ni nyinshi, ariko iy’ingenzi cyane kandi ishobora kwirindwa ni iterwa n’ubwandu bw’uruhererekane hagati y’ibiribwa ubwabyo, ibikoresho n’ibiribwa, n’ubwandu umuntu ashyira ku biribwa.

Kugira ngo ubashe kwirinda ubwandu bw’uruhererekane, banza umenye icyo ubwo bwandu ari cyo n’igihe bubaho.

Ubwandu bwamukiranya ni iki?

Isomero ry’Igihugu ry’Ubuvuzi ryo muri USA (The US National Library of Medicine) risobanura ko ubwandu bw’uruhererekane ari uruhererekane rw’udukoko dutera indwara tuva ku kintu runaka tukajya ku kindi. Agakoko kazwi cyane gatera indwara z’ibyorezo zikomoka ku biribwa kitwa salmonella, agakoko gatera indwara zibasira amara by’umwihariko.

Salmonella ni agakoko kaba by’umwihariko mu mara y’umuntu n’ay’ibisimba kagasohokera mu mwanda ukomeye. Akenshi abantu bandura ako gakoko binyuze mu mazi cyangwa ibiribwa byanduye.

Mu mahugurwa y’iminsi itatu ku mutekano w’ibiribwa yagenewe abanyamakuru, impuguke mu mirire zagaragaje ko uruhare rw’itangazamakuru ari ingenzi cyane mu gufasha abaturage gusobanukirwa n’umutekano w’ibiribwa, kugira ngo babashe gukumira ubwandu bw’uruhererekane butera indwara zikomoka ku biribwa byanduye.

Amahugurwa yateguwe n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Biribwa (FAO), ku bufatanye n’ibigo by’igihugu birimo igishinzwe ubuziranenge (RSB), igishinzwe imiti n’ibiribwa (FDA), n’igifite mu nshingano kurengera umuguzi (RICA). Ibi bigo byose hamwe na Minisiteri y’Ubuhunzi n’Ubworozi byari byatumiwe nk’ibigo bifite aho bihuriye n’ubugenzuzi.

Amasomo yatanzwe muri rusange yibanze ku mutekano w’ibiribwa n’ibikorwa bifitanye isano nawo birimo ubuhinzi bwabyo, ubwikorezi no kubipfunyika, kubibika no kubirya, n’ubufatanye bwimbitse hagati y’itangazamakuru n’abarebwa n’umutekano w’ibiribwa mu guharanira ubuziranenge n’umutekano byabyo.

Umujyanama mukuru mu birebana n’imirire mu kigo Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), Dr Hilda Vasanthakaalam, yagaragaje ubwoko butandukanye bw’ubwandu bw’uruhererekane burimo ubuterwa n’ibiribwa birwaye, ibinyabutabire cyangwa ibihumanya, anasobanura uburyo ubwo bwandu bushobora kubaho.

Dr Hilda yaragize ati “Indwara zikomoka ku biribwa, akenshi abantu bibwira ko ziterwa no gufatira amafunguro muri za resitora, ariko ubwandu bw’uruhererekane bushobora kubaho binyuze mu nzira nyinshi.”

Izo nzira ni izi zikurikira:

• Mu ihinga ry’ibiribwa (guhera ku bimera n’amatungo mu mirima)
• Mu isarura cyangwa mu kubaga
• Mu gutunganya umusaruro (harimo guhindura ibiribwa no kubinyuza mu ruganda)
• Ubwikorezi bw’ibiribwa
• Kubika ibiribwa
• Kubigeza aho bigenewe (ababiranguza, amasoko y’abahinzi, n’ahandi)
• Gutegura ifunguro no kuritanga (mu rugo, mu marisitora, n’ibindi bikorwa birebana no gutanga amafunguro)

Indwara zikomoka ku biribwa n’amazi byanduye zihererekanywa igihe habayeho ubwandu hagati y’ibiribwa n’ibindi (kuvanga ibyanduye n’ibitanduye); gukoresha ibikoresho bidasukuye, n’intoki zanduye mu itegurwa ry’amafunguro (ibikoresho cyangwa umuntu ubwe bikanduza ibiribwa).

Dr Hilda yasobanuye ko kwirinda ubwoko bwose bw’ubwandu bw’uruhererekane bisaba kugira isuku yo mu rwego rwo hejuru igihe harimo gukorwa ibi bikurikira:

Kugura ibiribwa no kubibika:

• Irinde kugura ibiribwa biri hafi kurangiza igihe, keretse niba uteganya kubimara ako kanya.
• Bika inyama mbisi mu bikoresho bipfundikiye neza cyangwa udufuka twa plastic kandi uzishyire mu gice cyo hejuru cya firigo kugira ngo wirinde ko zitonyangira ku bindi biribwa.
• Bika inyama mbisi n’amajyi mu dufuka dutandukanye.
• Ibiribwa byasigaye bidatetse wabikonjesheje, bikoreshe mu minsi 2-3 kandi ubiteke ukoresheje ubushyuhe butabyangiza.

Gutegura ifunguro:

• Karaba ibiganza ukoresheje isabune n’amazi byibuze umare amasegonda 20 nyuma yo gukora ku nyama mbisi, gukora ku nyamanswa zo mu rugo, uvuye mu bwiherero, umaze gukorora cyangwa kwitsamura, umaze gukoresha telefone cyangwa uvuye mu bindi bikorwa bishobora kwanduza intoki.

• Sukura neza ibikoresho byo mu gikoni, imipfundikizo, ibyo gukatiraho, n’ibindi byose birambikwaho ibiribwa, ukoresheje isabune n’amazi ashyushye, by’umwihariko igihe hari inyama mbisi hafi aho.

• Katira inyama ku gikoresho gitandukanye n’icyo gukatiraho imboga.

• Koresha utwogesho n’uduhanaguzo dusukuye.

• Teka ibiribwa ku bushyuhe bwemewe ukoresheje ibikoresho byabigenewe ku bashoboye kubibona (food thermometer).

Uburwayi buterwa n’ubwandu bw’uruhererekane bushobora guteza ingaruka zikomeye no kubura ubuzima rugeretse, ariko rero bushobora kwirindwa. Icyo ukeneye ni ukubahiriza amabwiriza agenga isuku, ukoza ndetse ukanahumanura ibikoresho byawe, ukabika neza kandi ugatanga ifunguro mu buryo buboneye kugira ngo ukumire ubwandu bw’uruhererekane.

Niwita ku isuku y’ibiribwa, uzirinda ubwawe urinde n’abandi kurwara.