Menya amateka y’ahitwa mu Gakenyeri kwa Musinga

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Ernestine Musanabera

27-08-2024 - 17:25' | Ibitekerezo ( )

Mu Gakenyeri ni mu mujyi wa Nyanza ahari hubatse umurwa w’Umwami Yuhi V Musinga ndetse n’umugabekazi Nyirayuhi V Kanjogera. Ubu ni mu Mudugudu wa Gakenyeri, Akagari ka Nyanza, Umurenge wa Busasamana, mu Karere ka Nyanza, Intara y’Amajyepfo.

Inteko y’Umuco mu kiganiro yagiranye na Kigali Today yadutangarije byinshi ku mateka yo mu Gakenyeri n’imibereho y’umwami Musinga wari uhatuye. Amateka ya Musinga ari i Nyanza yanditswe mu bitabo byinshi bivuga amateka y’u Rwanda ariko uwayavuye imuzingo cyane ni Alexis Kagame.

Nk’uko Kagame abivuga, Musinga yatuye i Nyanza igihe kirekire ariko si ho yatuye bwa mbere dore ko atari na ho yimiye. Musinga yimye ingoma nyuma y’intambara yo ku Rucunshu; asimbura Mibambwe IV Rutarindwa waguye muri iyo ntambara mu wa 1897.

Yimiye i Runda hafi ya Gihara, ahabwa izina ry’ubwami rya Yuhi. Imihango yo kumwimika yabaye mu ntangiriro z’uwo mwaka iyobowe n’umwiru Mabare, mwene Nkuriyingoma na we wari umwiru. Icyo gihe Musinga yari umwana w’ingimbi afite imyaka nka 17 ku buryo yategekerwaga na nyina ndetse na ba nyirarume.

Musinga amaze kwima hakurikiyeho gushakisha umurwa azaturamo hakurikijwe imihango y’ubwiru yasabaga ko ingo enye za mbere z’umwami zubakwa mu gihe kigufi cyane.

Nguko uko yimutse i Runda ajya gutura ku Kamonyi muri Rukoma, ndetse na ho arahava yubaka umurwa we i Gitwiko cya Nyamabuye mu Nduga. Aha na ho ntiyahatinze kuko yahereyeko yimukira ku Mukingo mu Nduga ari na ho umudage Dr Richard Kandt yaje akahamara iminsi itandatu kuva ku wa 14 kugeza ku wa 19 Kamena 1898. Ariko icyo gihe Kandt ntiyabonanye na Musinga kuko yakiriwe na Ruhinankiko ari kumwe na Rwidegembya.

Musinga yimutse ku Mukingo ajya i Bweramvura mu Kabagari, nyuma y’iminsi
umunani arahava ajya gutura i Mwima hafi ya Mushirarungu. Umwami Kigeri IV Rwabugiri na we yari afite urugo aho i Mwima.

Mu mwaka wa 1899, Musinga yimutse i Mwima yubaka umurwa we hakurya yaho i Nyanza mu Gakenyeri. Kuva icyo gihe Nyanza yabaye umurwa abami b’u Rwanda baturamo batimuka kugeza igihe ingoma ya cyami yavagaho mu wa 1961.

Aho mu ngoro y’Umwami Yuhi V Musinga mu Gakenyeri ni ho Abapadiri Bera, bayobowe na Mgr Hirth, bamusanze baje kumusaba uburenganzira bwo gutura no gushinga Kiriziya Gatorika mu Rwanda. Abo bapadiri ntibakiriwe na Musinga ahubwo bakiriwe na Mpamarugamba umwuzukuru wa Yuhi IV Gahindiro yambaye ikamba nk’umwami.

Ubwo hari tariki ya 02 Gashyantare 1900. Mpamarugamba yabemereye kwihitiramo aho bashaka gutura mu majyepfo y’Igihugu nk’uko bari babisabye; ndetse abaha Cyitatire watwaraga Imvejuru na Kampayana watwaraga Nyaruguru ngo babaherekeze banabakebere aho bazahitamo. Abapadiri bera bavuye i Nyanza baraye i Mara, bakomeza kuzenguruka ako karere, baza guhitamo Save bahashinga kiriziya ya mbere mu Rwanda.

Muri Nyakanga 1900 Dr Richard Kandt yaje i Nyanza noneho ategeka ko abonana n’umwami ubwe. Icyo gihe abari ibwami yabashyizeho igitsure gikabije, ndetse ababurira ko nibamuzanira Mpamarugamba aherako amurasa. Nguko uko Umwami Yuhi V Musinga yabonanye n’umuzungu bwa mbere!

Umwami Yuhi V Musinga ari i Nyanza ubutegetsi bwe bwari bubangikanye n’ubw’abazungu. Icyakora n’ubwo abadage batamujujubije nk’ababirigi ndetse baje no kumucira ishyanga bafatanyije na Kiriziya, ku ikubitiro na bo bamweretse ko ubutegetsi n’ububasha bwabo bwari hejuru y’ubwe nubwo yari umwami nyiri u Rwanda.

Gutesha agaciro umwami byagaragaye bwa mbere mu wa 1902 ibwami bahamagaye Shefu Mpumbika wategekaga i Gisaka kugira ngo yisobanure avuge impamvu yashyigikiye ingabo zarwanyaga ubutegetsi bwa Musinga. Mpumbika akibona intumwa yahereye ko abibwira abapadiri bari i Zaza kuko yari azi ko ibwami bashobora kumwica.

Abapadiri na bo bamugiriye inama yo kujya kwishinganisha kuri Guverineri i Bujumbura mbere yo kwitaba ibwami. Mu Ukwakira 1902 guverineri Lieutenant Von Beringe yamuhaye ibaruwa ashyira Musinga itegeka ko uyu Mpumbika ahamara amezi abiri gusa ubundi agasubira iwe.

I Bwami ntibamenye ibyari muri iyo baruwa kuko ntawari uzi gusoma uhari, bituma babirengaho bica 14 mu bari baherekeje Mpumbika ndetse na we bamushyira ku ngoyi. Beringe akibimenya we ubwe yiyiziye i Nyanza abonana na Musinga ku wa 3 Mutarama 1903, amwihanangiriza mu ruhame ndetse amuca ikiru cy’inka .

Hagati mu Ntambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose Ababirigi batsinze Abadage muri aka karere ndetse bigarurira u Rwanda muri Gicurasi 1916. Mu mitegekere yabo ntibumvikanye na Musinga kuko yanze kuyoboka Kiriziya Gatorika ndetse agatsimbarara ashaka kugumana ububasha yari afite. Ibi byatumye bamukura ku ngoma, ku wa 12 Ugushyingo 1931 bamucira i Kamembe mu Kinyaga.

Umwami Yuhi V Musinga, abagore n’abana be, Umwamikazi Kanjogera ndetse n’ababatwaje ibintu bahagurutse mu Gakenyeri i Nyanza nyuma y’iminsi ibiri umwami aciwe berekeza i Kamembe. Aha na ho yaje kuhakurwa bamuciriye i Moba muri Kongo.

Aho ingoro y’Umwami Musinga yari yubatse i Nyanza Abihaye Imana bahubatse kiriziya yitiriwe Kristu Umwami, ibigo by’amashuri ndetse hari n’urugo rw’Abenebikira. Kiriziya Gatorika yahubatse misiyoni ihahawe n’Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa ku wa 23 Gicurasi 1935. Ubu ikimenyetso gisigaye mu Gakenyeri ni ikigabiro cy’umuvumu munini kiri imbere y’urugo rw’Abenebikira.