Ibi umuyobozi wa REACH-T, umushinga wa Winrock International, Felix Muramutsa yabitangaje mu gikorwa cyo kwizihiza umunsi mpuzamahanga wo kurwanya imirimo mibi ikoreshwa abana wabereye ku rwego rw’igihugu mu Murenge wa Gacaca mu Karere ka Musanze, kuri uyu wa 12 Kamena 2015.

Muramutsa yagize ati “Imyumvire y’ababyeyi, abize n’abatarize, abasirimu n’abatari abasirimu, benshi ntibazi gutandukanya umurimo mubi utemerewe umwana n’uturimo twemewe umwana yakora. Umwana utarageza ku myaka 16 ntiyemewe kugira cyo yakora cyinjiza amafaranga ahemberwa igihe icyari cyo cyose.”

Nk’uko akomeza abisobanura, ngo umwana ugejeje ku myaka 17 na 18 yemewe gukora imirimo imuha igihembo ariko itavunanye kandi idafata amasaha menshi. Icyakora, ntibemerewe gukoreshwa mu mirimo y’ubureta nko gukina amafilime y’urukozasoni, uburaya, gutangwaho ingwate n’ibindi hamwe n’imirimo igira ingaruka ku mibereho yabo, imikurire ndetse n’imitekerereze.

Ariko ngo hari uturimo two mu rugo tutagira ingaruka ku buzima bwe, ku mikurire n’imitekerereze kandi tutabangamira imyigire ye umwana yemerewe kudukora mu rwego kumutegura kuzagira icyo yimarira ejo hazaza.

Abana ubasanga hirya no hino mu mirimo mibi ibaha amafaranga cyane cyane iba ijyanye n’ubwubatsi, ubwikorezi bw’amatafari mu birombe, mu cyayi n’ahandi.
Ni ku wa Gatanu mu masaha ya saa munani z’amanywa, hariho ikirere gifite amafu kiberanye n’akazi. Kuri Nsabimana, umwana w’imyaka 12 ni igihe cyiza cyo gukora cyane. Yambaye ikabutura y’impuzankano y’ishuri ari guterura amatafari y’inkarakara yarabye yabumbye azagurisha kugira ngo abone amafaranga.

Uyu mwana wiga mu mwaka wa Gatatu ku kigo cy’amashuri abanza cyo mu Karere ka Musanze, avuga ko kubumba amatafari ari akazi akora buri munsi avuye ku ishuri, iyo yize igitondo abubamba nimugoroba yaba yize ikigoroba, ako kazi agakora mu gitondo, amafaranga abonye ayashyira nyina akayamuguriramo ibikoresho by’ishuri n’ibibatunga.

Undi mwana w’imyaka 15 witwa Ndayambaje yiga mu mwaka wa gatanu na we mu Karere ka Musanze arimo gukata icyondo cyo kubumbamo amatafari y’inkarakara, Avuga ko ashaka amafaranga yo kugura inkweto za siporo n’ibikoresho.

Ipfundo ry’ikibazo ni ubukene

Nubwo impamvu zitera abana kwishora mu mirimo mibi ari nyinshi ariko impamvu nyamukuru ni ubukene. Umugabo uvuga ko yitwa Habimana Etienne, ahagaze hafi yabo areba ibyo bakora abishimangira agira ati “Ariko ahanini ni imibereho mikeya wenda aravuga ati ‘niba mama nta kigenda reka njye kureba ko nabona udufaranga two gusayidira mu rugo ntabwo babikorera ubushake.”

Tubanambazi Edmund, Umujyanama muri Minisitiri y’Abakozi n’Umurimo (MINIFOTRA) asobanura ko ubukene buza ku isonga mu gutuma abana bishora mu mirimo mibi binagira ingaruka ku myigire yabo bagata ishuri imburagihe.

Ibarura rusange ry’imibereho y’ingo rya gatatu (EICV3) ryo muri 2010-2011 ryakozwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ibarurishamibare (NISR) ryagaragaje ko ubukene bwagabanutse buva kuri 56.7% muri 2005 bujya kuri 44.9% muri 2010-2011 ariko urugendo rwo guca ubukene rukaba rukiri rurerure.

Ngo kurwanya imirimo mibi ikoreshwa abana bigomba gushingira ku kurwanya ubukene mu miryango no kongera imbaraga mu bukangurambaga kugira ngo barindwe iyo mirimo kuko igira ingaruka ku mibereho ye, imikurire y’umwana n’ imitekerereze by’umwihariko ku myigire ye aho benshi batagana ishuri, abandi barita imburagihe. Iryo barura rya EICV3 ryerekanye ko 22.5% by’abana bakoreshwa imirimo mibi batiga.

Umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe Imibereho Myiza y’Abaturage mu Karere ka Musanze, Ndayambaje Vincent witabiriye uyu munsi, yavuze ko kurwanya amakimbirane mu ngo, ihohoterwa irya ryo ryose n’ubukene bituma abana bishora mu mirimo mibi ari bimwe mu bisubizo birambye byarinda abana gukoreshwa imirimo mibi.

Ikindi itegeko rihana abakoresha abana imirimo mibi ryagiyeho ni ikintu cyiza cyo kwishimira ariko hakwiye kongerwa imbaraga mu bukangurambaga rigasobanurirwa Abanyarwanda bikajyana no gushyirwa mu bikorwa ku gipimo gishimishije.

Uko ikibazo gihagaze

Icyegeranyo cyakozwe n’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga wita ku Murimo (ILO) muri uyu mwaka wa 2015 kigaragaraza ko miliyoni 120 z’abana bari munsi y’imyaka 18 bakoreshwa imirimo mibi.

Gusa, ibarura rusange rya EICV3 ryagaragaje ko abana bari munsi y’imyaka 18 mu Rwanda ari miliyoni 5 n’ibihumbi 350 bisaga gato, abari hagati y’imyaka 6-17 bagera kuri hafi 3.5 muri bo abagera ku bihumbi 370 bangana na 10.74% by’abana bose bari munsi y’imyaka 6-17 bakoreshwa imibare mibi.

Umubare munini w’abana bakoreshwa imirimo ivunanye ubasanga mu buhinzi bwihariye 40.8% hagakurikiraho akazi ko mu ngo kazwi nk’ubuyaya gafata 31.9%. Ibi bigira ingaruka ku myigire y’abana aho bata amashuri imburagihe.

Umunsi mpuzamahanga wo kurwanya imirimo mibi ikoreshwa abana watangiye kwizihizwa kuva muri 2002 ku rwego rw’isi ari ba bwo u Rwanda rwatangiye kuwizihiza, uw’uyu mwaka wari ufite intero igira iti “ Turwanye imirimo mibi ikoreshwa abana, dushyigikira ireme ry’uburezi.”

NSHIMIYIMANA Leonard