Bimwe mu byaha byahanwaga n’Itegeko-teka n° 21/77 ryo kuwa18 Kanama 1977 rishyiraho igitabo cy’amategeko ahana ntibigifatwa nk’ibyaha ubu.

Iri tegeko ni ryo rya mbere rihana ibyaha ryishyiriweho n’u Rwanda. Mbere yaryo hagenderwaga ku mateko yashyizweho n’Abakoloni.

Bimwe mu byaha ryateganyaga, ubu bikaba bitagifatwa nk’ibyaha ni ibi bikurikira:

1.Ingingo ya 253: Kutandikisha ivuka cyangwa urupfu.

Umuntu utandikishije umwana wavutse ndetse n’umuntu wapfuye yahanishwaga igifungo kitarenga iminsi 7 n’ihazabu y’amafaranga atarenga 2000, cyangwa kimwe gusa muri ibyo bihano. Umuntu wese, utegetswe n’itegeko kumenyesha ivuka cyangwa urupfu, ntabikore mu gihe gitegetswe n’uwo umukozi ushinzwe kubyandika, azaba yandikiye ngo aze kumumenyesha uwapfuye, akanga kuza cyangwa kubihamya yabaga akoze icyaha.

2. Gugutera urusimbi

Ingingo 260 yavuga ko Urusimbi ni imikino ishingiye ku mahirwe, kurusha ubushobozi, imbaraga cyangwa ubuhanga by’abakinnyi bayishoramo imari nyinshi, ugereranije n’ubushobozi bwabo bwo kuyitanga, bagamije kugera ku nyungu nini.

Uguteresha urusimbi ni uburyo umuntu akundisha undi iyo mikino, kugira ngo yironkere inyungu y’amafranga.

Urusimbi rubujijwe gutererwa ahantu hagenewe bose cyangwa hashobora kugerwa na bose, ahantu hose hatazitiye hitegeye rubanda, n’ahandi hose, ndetse n’ah’umwihaliko, bareka umuntu wese ushaka gukina akinjira.

Ingingo 261 yavugaga ku bihano bihabwa umuntu wese utera akanateresha urusimbi ko yagombaga guhanishwa igifungo kuva ku minsi 8 kugeza ku mezi 2 n’ihazabu y’amafaranga atarenga ibihumbi 20 cyangwa kimwe gusa muri ibyo bihano.

Nubwo urusimbi byari bigize icyaha ubu imikino y’amahirwe mu Rwanda irakinwa kandi ukabyarira inyungu uyikora.

3. Tombola

Ingingo 262 yavuga ko tombola zibujijwe.
Bita tombola, imigenzereze yose ikorewe rubanda, uko yakwitwa kose, kandi igendereye kubizeza inyungu yaturuka ku bufindo.

4. Irushanwa ryo kuvuga ibizaba (Ubufindo)

Ingingo ya 268 yavugaga ku muntu uzakora Irushanwa ryo kuvuga ibizaba azahanishwa igifungo kuva ku minsi 8 kugeza ku mezi 3 n’ihazabu y’amafaranga atarenga ibihumbi 200 cyangwa kimwe gusa muri ibyo bihano.

Iri tegeko ryavugaga ko uzaba yariganije cyangwa yarakoze irushanwa ryo kuvuga ibizaba abyigirira cyangwa abigirira undi ndetse n’uzaba yafashije, yabihemberwa cyangwa atabihemberwa muby’irushanwa ryo kuvuga ibizaba bibujijwe, yohereza amafaranga, akwiza impapuro cyangwa amatangazo yogeza iyo sosiyete itunganya iryo rushanwa cyangwa iritezeho urwunguko.

5. Mu ngingo ya 280 yavugaga ku rusaku mw’ijoro

Umuntu wese uteza urusaku nijoro ko azahanishwa ihazabu y’amafaranga kuva kuri magana atanu kugeza ku gihumbi kimwe, uzaba yakoze icyaha cyo gusakuza no gutera induru mu ijoro ku buryo byashobora guhungabanya amahoro y’abaturage.

Mu gihe cy’insubira-cyaha mu mwaka ukurikira igihano cyaciwe kubw’iyi ngingo, igihano kizaba icyo gufungwa kuva ku minsi munani kugeza ku mezi 2 n’ihazabu y’amafaranga atarenga ibihumbi 2000, cyangwa kimwe gusa muri ibyo bihano.

6. Ubuzererezi n’ubusabirizi

Ingingo 284yavugaga ko inzererezi ari abatagira aho baba hazwi, batagira uburyo bwo kubaho, kandi basanzwe batagira icyo bakora ari umwuga, ari umurimo.
Abasabirizi ni abafite akamenyero ko gusabiliza.

Ingingo 285 ivua ko umuntu ufatiwe muri ibyo bikorwa ahanishwa igifungo kuva ku minsi 8 kugeza ku mezi 3 ndetse ko umuntu wese muzima uzaba yarihaye akamenyero ko gusabiliza bazahanishwa igifungo kuva ku minsi 15 kugeza ku mezi 6. Abarebwaga niyi ngingo ni:

1. Umusabilizi wese, naho yaba ikimuga, uzaba yakoresheje ibikangisho;
2. Umusabilizi wese, naho yaba ikimuga, uzaba yinjiye mu nzu ituwemo cyangwa mu rugo atabyemerewe na bene urugo;

3. Umusabilizi wese, uzigira nk’urwaye ibisebe cyangwa nk’ufte ubumuga;
4. Abantu bose, naho baba ari abafite ubumuga, bazasabiriza bikoranije, keretse iyo ari umugabo n’umugore we, umubyeyi n’abana be bato, ufite ubumuga bwo kutabona n’umurandasi wayo.

Ingingo ya 286

Umusabirizi wese cyangwa inzererezi bazasangana intwaro cyangwa ibindi bikoresho byo kwibisha cyangwa gukoresha ibindi byaha cyangwa kwinjira mu mazu, cyangwa uzaba yagiriye abantu urugomo, byateganyaga ko azafungwa kuva ku myaka 2 kugeza kuri 5 idatambamiye ibihano birushijeho gukomera, niba bibaye ngombwa, bitewe n’ubwoko bw’urugomo n’uburyo rwakozwe.

Ingingo 391 yakuwe mu bigize ibyaha ni Gucira umuntu igikororwa hagamijwe kumutesha icyubahiro

Uzaba, kubw’inabi kandi mu ruhame, yaciriye undi igikororwa cyeruye gishobora gutesha uwo muntu icyubahiro cyangwa agaciro, cyangwa gishobora kumusuzuguza mu ruhame, azahanishwa igifungo kuva ku minsi umunani kugera ku mwaka umwe n’ihazabu y’amafranga kuva ku 1000 kugeza ku bihumbi 10 cyangwa kimwe gusa muri ibyo bihano.
Ikindi kigaragara muri ibi byaha n’ibihano ni uko ibihano byatangwaga kiriya gihe bitari binini cyane, cyane cyane ihazabu aho umuntu yashoboraga no guhabwa igihano cyo gutanga ihazabu y’amafaranga magana atanu.

Muri iki gihe aya mafaranga umuntu ashobora kumva ari mu make cyane, ariko mu gihe itegeko ryashyirwagaho mu mwaka wa 1977, amafaranga y’u Rwanda yari afite agaciro kandi kanino cyane ku buryo amafaranga 500 yabonaga umugabo agasiba undi.
Ku bantu bakoze ibi byaha bacibwa amande aho kuba igifungo.

MENYA UMWANDITSI

Ernestine Musanabera

Umunyamakuru

@ musanatines

Reba inkuru zose nanditse ( 1672 )