U Rwanda rwashyize imbaraga mu guteza imbere uburezi bw’umwana w’umukobwa

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ya nyuma ya Jenoside, yamenye kare ko kuzamura imibereho myiza n’iterambere by’umugore, bifite icyo bisaba, kuko Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yarangiye hari abagore n’abakobwa bayoboye ingo, ariko kandi hari uburyo bahezwamo n’amategeko yariho icyo gihe, cyane cyane ajyanye n’uburezi, ubutaka n’imitungo, aho wasangaga abagore badahabwa uburenganzira bungana n’ubw’abagabo mu muryango.

Muri urwo rwego, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yashyizeho ingamba zitandukanye, harimo no kuvugurura amwe mu mategeko, bikorwa hagamijwe gukuraho inzitizi zagiye zituma abantu batagira amahirwe angana mu bijyanye n’uburezi, harimo izishingiye ku gitsina, ku bumuga, agace umuntu aturukamo n’ibindi.

Itegeko Nshinga ry’u Rwanda ryaravuguruwe kugira ngo hashyirwemo ingingo zirebana no gukuraho inzitizi, zidindiza iterambere ry’uburezi bw’abakobwa n’abagore.

U Rwanda rwageze ku ntego mu bijyanye no guteza imbere uburezi ku bana b’abakobwa, ku buryo ubu ruri imbere mu bihugu by’Afurika y’Iburasirazuba, aho ubu umubare w’abana b’abakobwa mu mashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye, uruta uw’abahungu.

Ingamba zitandukanye u Rwanda rwashyizeho hagamijwe kuzamura uburezi bw’abana b’abakobwa

Ububare w’abakobwa mu mashuri warazamutse ku buryo bugaragara

Mu 2009, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yatangije gahunda y’uburezi bw’ibanze bw’imyaka 12 (12-year basic education program), kugira ngo abana bose bige kandi ku buntu, by’umwihariko hitabwa ku bana b’abakobwa ndetse n’abaturuka mu miryango ikennye.

Binyuze muri iyi gahunda, Leta yubatse amashuri mashya, yongera ibyumba by’amashuri, yongera umubare w’abarimu, itanga ibikoresho by’ishuri by’ibanze ku bana b’abakobwa, kugira ngo bige batekanye.

Mu rwego rwo gukuraho inzitizi zishingiye ku muco no ku mikoro make yo mu miryango, zatumaga abana b’abakobwa batajya mu mashuri, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yashyize mu bikorwa za gahunda na politiki zitandukanye, harimo iyo kwihutisha iterambere icyiciro cya mbere (NST1), na Politiki y’Igihugu yo guteza imbere ihame ry’uburinganire (National Gender Policy).

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yakoranye bya hafi n’inzego z’ibanze, abayobozi b’amadini n’amatorero n’ababyeyi, kugira ngo irusheho kumvikanisha akamaro k’uburezi ku bana b’abakobwa, bitandukanye n’uko byafatwaga mu myaka ya cyera. Nyuma yo kubyinjiza mu baturage, imyumvire n’uko abantu bafataga uburezi bw’abana b’abakobwa, byatangiye guhinduka.

Mu mashuri ya Leta, muri buri shuri hashyizweho ‘icyumba cy’umukobwa’ cyo gufasha abana b’abakobwa gukomeza kwita ku isuku yabo, no mu gihe bari ku ishuri cyane cyane igihe bari mu mihango ya buri kwezi, bagahabwa ibikoresho bakenera muri icyo gihe.

Umuryango Imbuto Foundation wagize uruhare rukomeye mu gufasha abana b’abakobwa kwiga

Uretse uburezi bwo mu mashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye, Leta y’u Rwanda yashyizeho n’amashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyingiro, kugira ngo na yo afashe abakobwa kugira imyuga bazi, ituma barushaho kwiteza imbere mu bijyanye n’ubukungu.

Nubwo hari ibyagezweho, ariko hari ibikibura nk’uko bisobanurwa na Minisiteri y’uburezi

Mu bibazo bikiri mu burezi ku bana b’abakobwa, harimo kuba hari abahitamo kudakomeza amashuri ngo bagere kure, ugasanga bagize umubare munini w’abacikiriza batayarangije. Kuri icyo kibazo, Leta y’u Rwanda yashyizeho uburyo bwo kongera ubukangurambaga mu baturage, kugira ngo icyo kibazo kirangire.

Hari kandi icyorezo cya Covid-19, kimwe no mu bindi bihugu byo hirya no hino ku Isi, no mu Rwanda cyagize ingaruka zikomeye ku burezi, kuko amashuri yamaze igihe kirekire afunze mu rwego rwo kwirinda ikwirakwira rya virusi itera Covid-19, abanyeshuri bakiga mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga, ibyo byagize ingaruka ku banyeshuri batashoboraga kugera kuri iryo koranabuhanga, cyane cyane ab’abakobwa baturuka mu miryango ikennye.

Ihezwa mu burezi ku bana b’abakobwa nta mwanya rigifite

Gusa nubwo hari izo ngorane, muri iki gihe umubare w’abakobwa mu mashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye uruta uw’abahungu, rimwe na rimwe ugasanga abakobwa banatsinda neza mu masomo kurusha bagenzi babo b’abahungu mu bizamini bya Leta.

U Rwanda ni kimwe mu bihugu byihuta mu iterambere ku Isi, kandi rukaba rufite intego yo kuzaba ari Igihugu gifite ubukungu bugereranyije ‘middle-income’ mu 2035. Kugira ngo iyo ntego igerweho, uburezi ku Banyarwanda bose buzabigiramo uruhare.

Uburezi n’uburinganire bw’ibitsina byombi ni ingenzi mu kubaka ahazaza heza h’u Rwanda, yaba mu bijyanye n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage, ubukungu, politiki n’ibindi.

Hagendewe ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya gahunda za Leta zitandukanye, ku bufatanye n’abaturage n’imikoranire myiza hamwe n’abafatanyabikorwa banyuranye, u Rwanda rukomeje gutera intambwe mu gukora ku buryo abana bagira amahirwe angana ku burezi, ariko runifuza gukomeza gushyigikira no kongerera ubushobozi abakobwa n’abagore.

Rose Baguma, Umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe Politiki y’Uburezi muri MINEDUC

MENYA UMWANDITSI

Rose Baguma

@RoseBaguma

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