Ubu butumwa bwatanzwe n’itsinda ry’iyi Minisiteri ubwo kuri uyu wa Gatanu tariki 13/09/2013, ryaganiraga n’urubyiruko rwo muri aka karere basuzumira hamwe aho imishinga rwagaragaje ndetse igatsinda mu marushanwa (Business Plan Competition) igeze ishyirwa mu bikorwa.

Bamwe mu rubyiruko rwo mu karere ka Nyamasheke ngo imishinga yabo yatsinze amarushanwa ariko ntarabona inguzanyo.

Iyo mishinga ni iyakozwe n’urubyiruko nyuma yo gukangurirwa gukorana n’amabanki n’ibigo by’imari, kugira ngo rwake inguzanyo maze rubashe kwiteza imbere (Youth Access to Finance).

Muri uru rwego, Leta y’u Rwanda yashyizeho Ikigega cy’ingwate ku rubyiruko n’abagore (BDF), aho bemererwa ingwate igera kuri 75% by’inguzanyo basaba mu gihe bakoze umushinga wunguka ushyikirizwa banki kandi na banki ikaba yemeye ko ari umushinga ufatika.

Hagati ni Niyitegeka J.M.V wari uyoboye itsinda rya MYICT rijya inama ku buryo urubyiruko rwagera ku mafaranga.

Muri iri suzuma ry’aho iyo mishinga igeze, umubare minini w’urubyiruko wagaragaje ko bakoze imishinga bakayishyikiriza banki n’ibigo by’imari ariko kandi ngo ntibabone inguzanyo, nk’uko babyifuzaga,
Nina yo mpamvu bagaragaza ko banki zitabafasha muri iyi gahunda yo kwiteza imbere.

Ku rundi ruhande ariko, abahagarariye amabanki n’ibigo by’imari bagaragaje ko abenshi mu rubyiruko rwakoze iyo mishinga rutari rwigeze ruyitekerezaho neza, kuko ngo bumvaga iyo ngwate ya 75% bakagira ngo ni inkunga y’amafaranga abategereje.

Bavuze ko ahubwo ayo mafaranga ari ubwishingizi (assurance) bwo mu gihe hashobora kubaho ikiza gituma bahomba. Ibi bisobanuye ko inguzanyo urubyiruko rwaka ku mushinga rwateguye iba igomba kwishyurwa 100% n’inyungu zayo bigendanye n’amasezerano uwo muntu aba yagiranye na banki.

Ikindi kibazo cyagaragajwe n’abahagarariye amabanki n’ibigo by’imari mu karere ka Nyamasheke ngo ni uko abenshi mu rubyiruko rwo muri aka karere bakoze imishinga gusa, imaze gutsinda batangira kujya muri banki kwaka amafaranga y’uwo mushinga mu gihe nta konti banasanganywe muri banki.

Ku bw’amabanki, ngo iyo ikaba ari imyumvire ikiri hasi ku bigendanye no gukorana n’ibigo by’imari, kuko banki ziba zibereyeho gucuruza amafaranga kandi umuntu zikorana na we ari umukiriya wazo.

Na none kandi amabanki avuga ko yagize impungenge mu mishinga myinshi y’uru rubyiruko kuko ngo hari n’abashobora kuba atari bo bayiteguriye ahubwo bashatse abayibigira.

Urugero ngo ni nk’aho muri urwo rubyiruko, abenshi wasangaga bataratunga amafaranga ibihumbi 100, nta na konti bagira muri banki nyamara bagasaba inguzanyo iri hagati ya miliyoni enye n’esheshatu.

Ku bw’amabanki, ngo aha hagaragara impungenge cyane z’uwo muntu uba ataramenya imikoreshereze y’amafaranga na macye, nyamara yajya gutangira umushinga agahera ku mafaranga menshi cyane aho kugira ngo ahere kuri make make, noneho akagenda azamuka bitewe n’uko yunguka.

Aha, amabanki n’ibigo by’imari bikaba byasabye urubyiruko ko mbere yo kujya gusaba inguzanyo, hagomba kubaho gukorana na banki by’umwihariko kugira ngo rubashe kugirirwa n’icyizere cy’uko ruri ahantu hafatika kandi rufite ibyo ruhakorera.

Nyuma yo kungurana ibitekerezo ku cyatuma urubyiruko rutera imbere, abenshi muri bo bemeye koko ko hari urubyiruko rwakoze imishinga isa n’icyuka kubera ko bari bitiranyije ingwate ya BDF n’inkunga y’amafaranga bashoboraga guhabwa, maze bagakora imishinga ihanitse.

Cyakora, hari abandi bavuga ko iyo mishinga bayikoze bayitekerejeho ndetse nyuma yo kuyigeza muri banki zikabasaba ibyo bagomba kuzuza, bakaba barimo kubishakisha kugira ngo byuzure maze bashyire mu bikorwa imishinga yabo bahamya ko basanze izabateza imbere.

Aba bo bakaba basaba amabanki kutabashyira mu gatebo kamwe n’abadakora ibikwiriye kandi bagasaba koroherezwa kugira ngo babone inguzanyo bazishyura kandi zikabateza imbere.

Umuhuzabikorwa w’Ikigo cy’Urubyiruko cya Nyamasheke, Ndanga Janvier asaba urubyiruko bagenzi be bo mu karere ka Nyamasheke gusobanukirwa neza imikorere ya BDF ndetse bagakunda gukorana neza n’amabanki kuko ari yo nzira yonyine yatuma babona inguzanyo zibafasha kwiteza imbere.

Ku bwe, ngo bakaba bagomba guhera kuri duke bafite bakagenda bongera ku buryo nubwo basaba inguzanyo baba bafite aho bahera uko hangana kose.

Intumwa ya Minisiteri y’Urubyiruko, Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney wari waje muri iyi gahunda yo gufasha urubyiruko kugera ku mafaranga yavuze ko iyi gahunda igamije kumenyereza urubyiruko uko bashaka amafaranga bishingiye ku gukorana n’amabanki bazigama bakaka n’inguzanyo kugira ngo biteze imbere.

Yavuze ko urubyiruko rukwiriye gusobanukirwa neza agaciro k’amafaranga, by’umwihariko bazigama kandi amafaranga batse nk’inguzanyo bakirinda kuyashora mu maraha ahubwo bakayashora mu mushinga wunguka.

Niyitegeka avuga ko urubyiruko rukwiriye kumva neza ko amafaranga ava mu gukora kandi ko iyo umuntu atangiriye kuri bike afite ibitekerezo bizima, ashobora kunguka buhoro buhoro kandi agatera imbere.

Yasabye ko urubyiruko rufata gahunda ihamye yo gukora no gutunganya ibyo bakora kandi bakamenya ko iyo umuntu akoze akiri umusore ari bwo aba ateganyirije ubuzima bwe bw’ahazaza.

Mu gihe cy’iminsi ibiri yamaze, iyi gahunda yahuje urubyiruko rwo mu karere ka Nyamasheke rugera kuri 80 rwaturutse mu mirenge yose igize aka karere ariko bakaba baragiye bahurira ku masite yegereye imirenge yabo nka Kilimbi, Kanjongo ndetse na Ruharambuga.

Gahunda yo gukangurira urubyiruko kugera ku mafaranga (Youth Access to Finance) ni gahunda yatangijwe na Minisiteri y’Urubyiruko n’Ikoranabuhanga mu Itumanaho n’Isakazabumenyi, mu mwaka wa 2012, hagamijwe gukangurira urubyiruko gutinyuka gukorana n’amabanki ngo rwiteze imbere.

Emmanuel Ntivuguruzwa