Imbuto zihinduye (GMOs) zitezweho gukemura ikibazo cy’indwara zibasira ibihingwa

Yanditswe na

Mediatrice Uwingabire

28-02-2024 - 11:41' | Ibitekerezo ( )

Ibihingwa cyangwa se imbuto zihinduye ni ibintu bishya mu Rwanda, ariko bikaba bije ari uburyo bwo gushaka igisubizo ku kibazo cy’indwara zibasira ibihingwa bimwe na bimwe ziterwa na virusi n’izindizitandukanye. Izo mbuto kandi zihanganira n’ibindi bibazo nk’izuba ryinshi, imvura ikabije, ibyonnyi bitandukanye n’ibindi, ariko kandi bigatanga umusaruro uri hejuru.

Mosaic ni indwara yangiza cyane imyumbati

Ibyo ni ibyasobanuwe na Dr Athanase Nduwumuremyi, umushakashatsi akaba n’Umuyobozi wa porogaramu ishinzwe ibinyabijumba n’ibinyamizi mu Kigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi (RAB), akaba anakuriye umushinga wa OFAB (Open Forum on Agricultural Biotechnology in Africa) mu Rwanda, ukurikirana ibyo bihingwa.

Tariki 21 Gashyantare 2024, nibwo itegeko rigena ibyekerekeye ibyo bihingwa cyangwa se imbuto zihinduye (Genetically Modified Organisms/GMOs), ryatangajwe mu Igazeti ya Leta y’u Rwanda, kugira ngo rizajye rishingirwaho mu kugena uko izo mbuto zitunganywa ndetse n’uburyo zikwirakwizwa mu gihugu mu buryo bwizewe.

Dr Nduwumuremyi avuga ko iryo tegeko ryaje uko n’andi mategeko mashya atorwa, rizakurikirwa n’Amategeko-teka ya Minisitiri (Ministerial Orders), cyangwa se n’amabwiriza asobanura biruseho ibijyanye n’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’iryo tegeko rishya.

Uwo mushakashatsi yasobanuye ko iryo tegeko rije, kubera ko hari ibikorwa cyangwa se ubushakashatsi kuri izo mbuto zihinduye bwari bwaratangiye gukorerwa mu Rwanda, ariko bukorerwa ahantu hafunze n’ibivuyemo bitemerewe guhabwa abahinzi, kuko nta tegeko ryari rihari ribiteganya.

Yagize ati “Itegeko rije kuko hari ibikorwa byari byatangiye. Tumaze igihe dukora ubushakashatsi ariko bukorerwa ahantu habugenewe gusa, kandi n’ibivuyemo bitemerewe guhabwa abahinzi kuko nta tegeko ryari rihari ribyemeza. Tumaze igihe dukora ku mbuto y’imyumbati yihanganira indwara iterwa na virusi nka Kabore”.

Ati “Ubundi uko izo mbuto zihinduwe ziba zikozwe, ziba zikoranywe urukingo rw’iyo virusi, ni kimwe na ziriya nkingo za Covid-19 twahawe. Kuko imbuto iba ikoranywe urukingo rw’indwara ntabwo igihingwa kiyirwara. Mu bushakashatsi tumaze gukora twabonye ko iyo mbuto y’imyumbati ihinduwe itazajya ihura n’iyo ndwara ya Kabore”.

Dr Nduwumuremyi avuga ko nubwo imbuto ihinduye bamaze iminsi bakoraho ubushakashatsi ari imyumbati, kandi bakaba bamaze kubona ko izatanga igisubizo ku kibazo cy’indwara ya kabore ikunze kuyifata, ariko ngo batangiye no gusaba uruhushya ku nzego zibishinzwe kugira ngo bakore no ku mbuto y’ibirayi ihinduye, ishobora guhangana n’indwara ya ‘late blight’, ikunze kwibasira cyane cyane ibirayi n’inyanya bikabora mu gihe cy’imvura, cyangwa se ubukonje bwinshi (abahinzi bakunze kuyita indwara y’imvura).

Dr Nduwumuremyi yavuze ko ayo mabwiriza ajyanye n’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’iryo tegeko namara gusohoka, azasobanura ibijyanye no kubona amakuru arebana n’izo mbuto, aho abashaka uruhushya rwo kuzikora barukura n’ibyo bagomba kuba bujuje, kumenya amakuru y’abakeneye izo mbuto n’uburyo bazibonamo n’ibindi.

Ku bijyanye no kuba izo mbuto zihinduye zizasimbuzwa izisanzwe zihari, Dr Nduwumuremyi yavuze ko abantu badakwiye kugira impungenge, kuko izo mbuto zihinduye zizakomezanya n’izisanzwe.

Yagize ati “Abantu ntibagire impungenge ko izo mbuto zihinduye zizasimbura izisanzwe, zizakomezanya zose kuko ni ugushakira igisubizo hose, kuko nubwo dukora ubushakashatsi kuri izo mbuto zihinduwe, dukomeza gukora ubushakashatsi no ku zindi zisanzwe”.

Mu zindi mbuto zihinduwe ziteganywa gukorwaho ubushakashatsi mu gihe kiri imbere, nk’uko Dr Nduwumuremyi yabisobanuye, ni urutoki ndetse n’ibigori, kuko muri rusange, imbuto zibaho zikageraho zigasaza, bityo ubushakashatsi bugakomeza gukorwa hagamijwe kubona imbuto nziza igihe cyose.

Ku bantu bibaza niba izo mbuto cyangwa ibihingwa bihinduwe nta ngaruka byagira ku buzima bw’abantu, uwo mushakashatsi arabahumuriza.

Yagize ati “Nta ngaruka byagira, kuko ntitwakora ibintu byagira ingaruka ku buzima bw’abantu, ni na cyo iryo tegeko riziye, kugira ngo ibikorwa byose bijye bigenzurwa mbere yo guhabwa abantu. Ikindi, hari n’abantu baba basanzwe barya ibihingwa bihinduwe batabizi. Urugero nka ‘pate jaune’, inyinshi ituruka muri Amerika kandi ibigori byose muri Amerika birahinduye. Gusa amabwiriza avuga ko mu gihe ibyo bihingwa bihinduwe biri ku isoko, bigomba kuba byanditsweho ko ari ibihinduye, kugira ngo ugura abe ashobora kubitandukanya n’ibindi bihingwa bisanzwe bidahinduye.”

U Rwanda rwatoye iryo tegeko rijyanye n’imbuto cyangwa ibihingwa bihinduye, nyuma y’uko hari ibindi bihugu byo hirya no hino ku Isi bimaze igihe bikoresha iryo koranabuhanga rya GMO rikoreshwa mu buhinzi ariko no mu bworozi, harimo nka Amerika, Brazil, u Bushinwa, Afrika y’Epfo, Egypt, Bangladesh, Sudan, Malawi, Mozambique, Eswatini, Nigeria, Ghana, Burkina Faso, Kenya ndetse na Ethiopia.