Ubuhinzi bw’ibirayi bukorwa cyane cyane mu nkengero za pariki y’ibirunga. Akarere ka Musanze ni kamwe mu turere duhinga ibirayi byinshi nyuma y’aka Nyabihu ariko ikibazo cy’imbuto yabyo iracyari ikibazo gikomeye.

Kampire Francoise, umuhizi w’ibirayi wo mu Murenge wa Kinigi, avuga ko imbuto nziza iboneka iba ihenze kuko ikiro kimwe kigura 350Frw mu gihe imbuto mbi bagura ku isoko bayibonera ku 190Frw.

Uyu muhinzi yemeza ko iyo umuhinzi yahinze imbuto mbi nta musaruro abona. Yerekana imbuto nziza n’imbi, atanga urugero ko ahinze umufuka asarura ibiro 20 mu gihe ahinze inziza asarura imifuka 10.

Undi muhinzi w’ibirayi witwa Mukayuhi Helene wo mu Murenge wa Gataraga, mu kugaragaraza uko ikibazo cy’imbuto gihagaze mu giturage, yagize ati “ ikibazo cy’imbuto y’ibirayi mu giturage ntayo ntiboneka mu batubuzi iracyari nkeya na ho ibonetse abaturage nta bushobozi baba bafite yo kuyigura.”

Imbuto z’ibirayi ziri mu byiciro bitandukanye. Nyuma y’uko utugemwe duto dukurira muri laboratwari duhingwa mu mazu akorerwa ubutubuzi azwi nka Green house haboneka ibirayi bito byitwa mini-tubercule bituburwa n’abatubuzi b’imbuto z’ibirayi.

Icyiciro cya mbere cy’imbuto kiboneka kuri mini-tubercule biyita pre-base igura 600Frw ku kiro, ayo amafaranga akaba ari menshi ku muhinzi wo hasi ugikora ubuhinzi bwa bwire- ndamuke.

Iyi mbuto nubwo ihenda ariko abahinzi benshi bayikeneye ngo ntibayibona, nk’uko Mukayuhi akomeza abitanaza.

Ati “Muri rusange mu Gataraga nta muturage udahinga ibirayi ntabwo iyo mbuto twayibona kuko abatubuzi baracyari bakeya ahubwo turifuza ko bakongerwa.”

Icyiciro cya kabiri cy’imbuto kiva kuri pre-base nyuma yo kuyihinga, bagakuramo imbuto bita “base” igura 500Frw ku kiro. Ibyo birayi bisaruwe bibyara indi mbuto bita “certifie,” icyiciro cya nyuma n’iyitwa “declare.”

Yashoye miliyoni 45 mu gutubura imbuto akoresheje ikoranabuhanga

Guhenda no kutabonekera igihe bimaze igihe kirekire ariko Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ubuhinzi n’ubworozi (RAB) n’abikorera barakora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo kibonerwe igisubizo.

Karegeya Appolinaire ni umuhinzi w’ibirayi akaba n’umutubuzi w’imbuto yabyo ugeze ku rwego rushimishije. Mu Murenge wa Nyange, Akarere ka Musanze ni ho akorera iyo mirimo.

Mu mwaka ushize, ubwo twamusuraga twasanze afite umushinga ageze kure wo gutubura imbuto y’ibirayi akoresheje gusa amazi arimo imyunyu ifasha ikimera gukura nta butaka. Ni umushinga wabonaga ari indoto, icyizere cyo kuzikabya cyari gikeya cyane.

Agira ati “Yeee zari indoto ariko mu vision zanjye nk’ibintu nari naragiye mu rugendo shuri nkaza kubibona njye numvaga bizashoboka nubwo kubigeraho byari bigoye.”

Ibikorwa by’ uwo mushinga ngo byamutwaye miliyoni 45Frw, yishakiye 50% ni ukuvuga angana na miliyoni 22.5 naho umushinga IFDC Catalyst na yo imutera inkunga ya 50%, none yatangiye gusarura buri cyumweru abona ibihumbi hagati ya 400 na 500.

Yunzemo ati “Umusaruro wabaye mwiza nkurikije kuko inshuro ya mbere navanyemo mini-tubercule zigera ku bihumbi birindwi kandi imwe tuyigurisha amafaranga 80 urumva ko buri cyumweru ngomba kubona ibihumbi 400-500.”

Karegeya yemeza ko azagaruza amafaranga yashoye ndetse anabone inyungu igaragara. Ashimangira ko ubu buryo bwo gutubura imbuto z’ibirayi hakoreshejwe iryo koranabuhanga byakemura ikibazo cy’imbuto y’ibirayi.

Umusaruro wa Aeropinic wakemura ikibazo cy’imbuto

Nzabarinda Isaac, Perezida w’Ihuriro ry’Abahinzi b’Ibirayi mu Rwanda (FECOPPORWA) asobanura ko uburyo bwa Aeroponic butanga umusaruro mwinshi ugereranyije n’ubwo guhinga ibirayi mu mazu (green house) hakoreshejwe ubutaka.

Ati “Greenhouse zari zihasanzwe zitubura nk’uko ubizi habanza gucanira ubutaka bifata umwanya mwinshi kandi mu musaruro bitanga akagemwe kamwe gatanga ibirayi bitanu mu gihe hano kamwe gatanga ibirayi hagati ya 30 na50.”

Akomeza avuga bahinga muri green house ingemwe ibihumbi 12 biteze umusaruro kuva ku bihumbi 60 kugeza kuri 70 ariko we ngo atera ingemwe 2 500 yitezwe gukubura inshuro ebyiri umusaruro babona.

Mu gihe cyo guhinga ibirayi, abahinzi bakeneraga toni ibihumbi 400 by’imbuto ariko RAB ikabona gusa 2%; nk’uko Nzabarinda akomeza abishimangira none hamwe n’ubufatanye n’abikorera mu gutubura imbuto bageze kuri 25% by’imbuto ikenerwa ariko icyerekezo ni ukugera ku 100%.

Kongera umubare w’abatubuzi bashoboye nka Karegeya rushobora kuba urugendo rurerure kandi rugoye kuko ubushobozi bw’abahinzi buracyari buke n’ibigo by’imari byakabafashashije kubigeraho biracyaseta ibirenga mu gutanga inguzanyo zijyanye n’ubuhinzi.

Nzabarinda anashimangira ko gusaba inguzanyo muri banki bitoroha kuko umara igihe kirekire kandi ugasohora amafaranga menshi ku byangombwa, atanga urugero ko usaba ya miliyoni zirindwi atabura ibihumbi 800 bigenda mu byangombwa.

Ati “Mu by’ukuri imikoranire hagati y’abahinzi n’amabanki iracyari hasi…mu myuga wanjye nkorana n’amabanki kenshi biragora.”

Ku kijyanye n’igihe, Eric Bikino, umukozi ushinzwe inguzanyo mu Urwego Opportunity mu ishami rya Musanze we avuga ko mu kigo ahagarariye gutanga inguzanyo ku bahinzi bifata igihe kitarenga nibura ibyumweru bibiri.

Ati “Twe dukorana n’amakoperative, ku nguzanyo y’abahinzi n’aborozi bujuje ibisabwa igihe kirekire ni ibyumweru bibiri.”

Imibare dukesha icyegeranyo cya Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda cyo mu mpera wa 2014 kigaragaza uko ubukungu n’ifaranga rihagaze cyerekana ko inguzanyo zitangwa n’ibigo by’imari biciriritse muri uwo mwaka ni miliyari 89.95 y’u Rwanda, imishinga y’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi ndetse n’uburobyi yabonye inguzanyo ya miliyari 13.3Frw bingana na 13.5%.

Igice kinini cy’inguzanyo zitangwa n’ibyo bigo by’imari byo mu Rwanda zijya mu bucuruzi, amahoteri, amaresitora ndetse n’ibikorwa rusange byiharira 60% by’inguzanyo zose zitangwa kubera ko impungenge z’uko amafaranga batanze atagaruka.

Icyakora muri uyu mwaka wa 2015 hari impinduka zigaragara mu mitangire y’inguzanyo aho kugeza muri Kamena gusa inguzanyo zahawe imishinga zimaze gusumba izo mu mwaka wose ushize zingana na 14.4% nyamara ibikorwa rusange, ubucuruzi, amahoteri n’amaresitora bwihariye 66.9%.

Ibi bitanga icyizere ko inguzanyo z’ubuhinzi, ubworozi ndetse n’uburobyi zizazamuka muri uyu mwaka ndetse mu myaka izaza.

NSHIMIYIMANA Leonard