Intsinzi yo kubohora igihugu yatumye Ingabo z’u Rwanda zinjira mu mishinga myinshi inyuranye, binazigeza ku kuba ingabo z’icyitegererezo, zifite intumbero, binyuze mu mishinga izamura imibereho myiza y’Abanyarwanda.

Dore bimwe mu byo zimaze kugeraho mu myaka 22 ishize zitsinze urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu.

ZIGAMA CSS

Iyi banki y’inzego z’umutekano mu Rwanda ni yo banki yonyine umuntu abonamo inguzanyo ku munsi ayakiyeho. Itanga inguzanyo ititaye ku mubare w’amafaranga waka. Bikorwa mu masaha 12 uyisaba akaba amaze kuyibona.

Mu 2014 Zigama CSS yari imaze kugeza ku mali ingana na miliyari 100Frw ivuye kuri miliyari 10Frw gusa muri 2011.

Iyi banki ifite amashami 20 hirya no hino mu gihugu, ikagira abanyamuryango ibihumbi 72. Ni yo ya mbere yaka inyungu nto ku nguzanyo.

Kugeza ubu isaba inyungu ya 10% mu gihe igitangira inyungu yari 15%; ibi bigatuma umubare w’abitabira gufata inguzanyo wiyongera.

Zigama CSS ifite imitungo wagereranya n’iya Banki ya Kigali (BK) ihiga izindi zose mu Rwanda.

Imibare ya Banki y’u Rwanda (BNR) igaragaraza ko muri 2014, Zigama CSS yungutse miliyari 4.6Frw. Bivuze ko inyungu yayo yazamutseho 32% ugereranyije n’umwaka wa 2013, ubwo yari yungutse miliyari 3.2FRW.

Ukurikije imibare ya BNR, inguzanyo za Zigama CSS zazamutse ku buryo butangaje kuko muri 2012 yari ku rwego rwo gutanga miliyari 59.2Frw ariko ubu ishobora gutanga inguzanyo za miliyari 87Frw.

N’ubwo ari banki y’abasirikare, yakira abanyamuryango bose baturuka muri Polisi y’u Rwanda n’Urwego rw’Igihugu rw’Amagereza (RCS).

Kuba kuva muri 2011 serivisi zayo zifashisha ikoranabuhanga, biyishyira mu rwego rw’amabanki y’ubucuruzi akomeye mu Rwanda.

Muri Zigama CSS, abasirikare bose bahabwa serivisi zingana hatitawe ku mapeti ku buryo usanga Jenerali n’umurikiri (umusirikare udafite ipeti) bafatwa kimwe.

Mu myaka 17 imaze, imaze kuba ikigo gikurura abashakashatsi mpuzamahanga mu bijyanye n’ubukungu, cyane cyane ingabo z’ibindi bihugu.

Urugero ni igisirikare cya Etiyopiya cyaje kuyigiraho uko cyakwiyubaka mu rwego rw’ubukungu n’imibereho myiza muri 2010.

Ubuzima n’ubushakashatsi

Igisirikare cy’u Rwanda gifite Ibitaro bya Gisirikare bya Kanombe (RMH), biri ku rwego rw’igihugu. Ibi bitaro biri muri bike bifatwa nk’ibitaro by’icyitegererezo mu Rwanda.

Ishami rya Loni ryita ku Buzima (OMS) rikimara kwemeza ubushakashatsi buvuga ko gukebwa ku bagabo bigabanya ibyago byo kwandura VIH/SIDA, Ingabo z’u Rwanda ni zo zafashe iya mbere mu kwisiramuza zitanga urugero.

Ibitaro bya Gisirikare bya Kanombe byazanye uburyo bushya bwo gusiramura bidasabye ko umuntu abagwa.

Kuri ubu, ibyo bitaro byifashisha uburyo bw’impeta bwitwa “Prepex” bwanemejwe n’Ishami ryo Loni rishinzwe Ubuzima (OMS).

Impuguke mu gusiramura hifashishijwe uburyo bwa Prepex muri ibi bitaro, ivuga ko basiramura abagabo nibura 200 ku munsi.

Uburyo bwa Prepex bwavumbuwe n’umusirikare w’Umunyarwanda w’impuguke mu gusiramura ku bufatanye n’ikigo cyo muri Isiraheri, bagamije kurandura Sida muri Afurika yo munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara.

Muri 2011, u Rwanda rwagerageje bwa mbere ubu buryo kandi igerageza rigenda neza. Minisiteri y’Ubuzima mu Rwanda yahisemo gukorana n’ibitaro bya gisirikare mu gusiramura bitewe n’ubunararibonye bifite mu byo kubaga.

Impuguke muri Prepex mu Bitaro bya Gisikare bya Kanombe zivuga ko zatangiranye n’abantu batanu gusa, bagakurikiranirwa mu bitaro.

Ariko nyuma umubare uza kugenda wiyongera bagera kuri 50, nyuma bagera 500 bityo ku buryo umwaka wa mbere wagiye kurangira basiramuye abantu ibihumbi 10 hifashishijwe Prepex.

Muri 2013, u Rwanda rwatangiye ubukangurambaga mu gihugu hose, bufite intego ko umwaka wa 2016 uzajya kurangira nibura abagabo ibihumbi 700 barasiramuwe.

Ubushakashatsi busobanura ko Prepex ari akuma kagizwe n’impeta ikweduka. Ubu buryo ngo ntibusaba kubagwa cyangwa guterwa inshinge, ku buryo nta n’ikinya bisaba.

Gusiramura hifashishijwe ubu buryo ngo bitwara iminota itatu gusa mu gihe bakoresha iminota 30 iyo bifashisha uburyo bwo kubaga.

Uburyo bwo kubaga kandi ngo busaba gutegura icyumba babagiramo n’ibyangombwa byacyo byose kandi hakagomba kuba hari umudogoteri.

Nyamara kuri prepex ngo haba hakenewe umuforomo umwe gusa akabikorera mu cyumba gisukuye neza.

Mu minsi irindwi gusa, iyo mpeta bayikuraho noneho umuganga agakata igihu cy’imbere ku gitsina yifashishije imakasi kandi uwasiramuwe ntave amaraso na gato.

Abaforomo amagana mu bigo nderabuzima byose byo mu Rwanda bahuguriwe gusiramura hifashishijwe uburyo bwa prepex. Naho mu bitaro by’uturere hahugurwa abagera ku 180 barimo abaganga n’abaforomo.

Mu mahugurwa bahawe harimo n’ubumenyingiro, aho bahitaga basiramura ababyifuza, igikorwa Minisante ivuga ko cyatumye abagabo benshi mu biturage bitabira kwisiramuza.

Kuba uburyo bwa prepex bwarashobotse mu Rwanda byatumye n’ibindi bihugu byifuza ku bukoresha ndetse byohereza n’abaganga mu Rwanda kureba izo mpeta n’uko zikoreshwa.

Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Swaziland, South Africa, Lesotho, Indonesia na Botswana byo byamaze gutangiza ubu buryo byigiye ku Rwanda.

Ibitaro bya Gisikare bya Kanombe kandi birimo kubaka Ibitaro bya Shyira bizuzura bitwaye miliyoni 5 z’amadolari y’Amerika.

Ni ibitaro bifasha abaturage ibihumbi 32 b’Akarere ka Nyabihu baturuka mu bigo nderabuzima 15.

Ni ibitaro byagombaga kuvugururwa ariko Ingabo z’u Rwanda zisanga ari ngombwa ko hubakwa ibishya bifite ibyangombwa by’ibanze byose n’ubushobozi bwo kurushaho kwakira abarwayi benshi.

Abaganga mu Bitaro bya Kanombe kandi barimo guhugurira abakora mu mavuriro aciriritse (Postes de Santés), ku rwego rw’akagari mu gihugu hose, kuvura y’indwara z’amaso cyane cyane iy’ishaza.

Kubaka amavuriro aciriritse byafashije u Rwanda mu ntumbero yarwo yo kugira ivuriro muri buri kagari bitarenze muri 2017.

Amavuriro aciriritse 500 yamaze kubakwa, leta ikaba ifite intumbero yo kuzaba imaze kuzuza agera ku 1,548 mu mpera z’umwaka wa 2017.

Ibikorwa remezo

Imidugudu y’icyitegererezo (Model villages)

Ingabo z’u Rwanda ni zo zafashe iya mbere mu gutabara abaturage bari batuye mu manegeka mu Murenge wa Rweru mu Karere ka Bugesera mu birwa bya Mazane na Sharita zibubakira umudugudu w’icyitegerezo.

Muri 2014, habarurwaga abantu babarirwa mu bihumbi 48 babaga mu manegeka ariko abenshi muri bo Ingabo z’u Rwanda zamaze kubatuza neza.

Nk’Umudugudu w’Icyitegererezo wa Rweru ufite amashanyarazi, ibigega by’amazi, isoko rya kijyambere, ikigo cy’ishuri hakaba n’umuhanda wa km 12 uva ahitwa i Kagasa kugera ahitwa i Batima.

Ingabo z’u Rwanda zemereye Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ko umudugudu nk’uwo w’icyitegererezo uzubakwa muri buri karere mu gihugu kandi iyo gahunda ubu yaratangiye.

Mu gihe hateganyijwe miliyari 90Frw yo kubaka imidugudu y’icyitegererezo, Ingabo z’u Rwanda zo ziyubaka mu buryo bwihutirwa kandi burambye aho kwita cyane ku mafaranga asabwa kuri buri nzu.

Ingabo z’u Rwanda kandi zirimo no kugira uruhare mu kubaka imijyi itandatu yunganira Umujyi wa Kigali (secondary cities) ari yo Rubavu na Rusizi yo mu Burengerazuba bw’u Rwanda, Muhanga na Huye yo mu Majyepfo, Nyagatare y’Iburasirazuba ndetse na Musanze yo mu Majyaruguru.

Gare ya Huye yubatswe n’Inkeragutabara

“Huye Smart Complex Car Park” (Gare ya Huye) ni umushinga w’ingabo zavuye ku rugerero zizwi nk’Inkeragutabara n’abari ingabo bari mu za bukuru, bibumbiye muri koperative ya KVCS.

KVCS ni yo yayiyubakiye kuri miliyari 4 na miliyoni 500FRW. “Huye Smart Complex Car Park”, ifatwa nka gare ya mbere yubatse ku buryo bugezweho mu Rwanda, ifite ubushobotsi bwo kwakira imodoka 200.

Ifite ibice bitatu byo guparikamo imodoka, amagorofa y’ubucuruzi afite ibyumba 81 bicururizwamo, amaresitora, inyubako y’ubuyobozi, aho gufatira amafunguro, sitasiyo ya lisansi, ikinamba n’icyumba cya murandasi.

Umushinga ukurikiyeho ngo ni uwo gukikiza iyi gare kamera zigenzura ibiyikorerwamo ku mpamvu z’umutekano na murandasi yihuta ya wi-fi abagenzi bifashisha yanamaze kuhagera.

Mu yindi mishinga migari y’ingabo z’u Rwanda, by’umwihariko Inkeragutabara, twavuga nk’ikiraro cya Bugesera n’umuhanda wa Nyamata.

Kubakira abaturage ibikorwa remezo mu cyaro

Ingabo z’u Rwanda zubakiye imidugudu abamugariye ku rugamba binyuze muri Komisiyo y’Igihugu yo gusezerera nogusubiza mu buzima busanzwe abavuye ku rugerero.

Iyi komisiyo yubatse inzu 125 mu bice bitandukanye by’igihugu mu rwego rwo kwita ku bamugariye ku rugamba n’imiryango yabo.

Uretse icyiciro cya mbere cy’Umudugudu w’Icyitegererezo wa Rweru urimo imiryango 104 y’abantu 400, Ingabo z’u Rwanda zanubatse Ikigo cy’Amashuri Abanza cya Gishambashayo n’ivuriro riciriritse muri ako gace, mu gushimira abaturage bahatuye ubufatanye bagize mu ntambara yo kubohora igihugu.

Mu yindi mishinga, twavugamo isoko rya kijyambere rifasha ababarirwa mu bihumbi 80 bo mu turere twa Gicumbi, Burera n’abaturanyi bo muri Uganda.

Ingabo z’u Rwanda kandi zanatanze umuriro n’amazi meza ku Ishuri rya Gishambashayo, kuri Poste de Santé yaho biteganyijwe ko bizanagezwa ku Isoko rya Rubaya vuba.

Ingabo z’u Rwanda ziri no mu mushinga wo gukora umuhanda wa km 11 wa Gatuna-Rubaya ukazagurwa ku buryo uba umwe mu mihanda minini ihuza uduce dutandukanye mu Karere ka Gicumbi kandi ikagahuza n’Akarere ka Burera.

Nyuma y’intambara yo kubohora igihugu no guhagarika Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, Igisirikare cy’u Rwanda cyari gifite intego yo gusezerera no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe bamwe mu bahoze ari abasirikare ndetse no kwakira mu gisirikare bamwe mu ngabo zo mu mitwe yitwaje intwaro nka FDLR.

Binyuze muri Komisiyo yo gusezerera no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe abari abasirikare, iyi komisiyo yasezereye abenshi mu bagombaga gusezererwa ibasubiza mu buzima busanzwe ibafasha guhanga imirimo.

Yanibanze kandi ku bikenerwa by’umwihariko (special needs) ku bana, abagore n’abamugariye ku rugamba.

Iyi komisiyo ivuga ko muri 2015, abari abasirikare ibihumbi 14 na 321 batahutse ku bushake bavuye mu mashyamba ya Kongo Kinshasa.

Muri abo batahutse harimo abagore 28 abagabo ibihumbi 6 291 n’abana 216 ndetse n’abandi batari abarwanyi ibihumbi 7,741 ariko bari babeshejweho n’abo barwanyi.

Komisiyo yo gusezerera no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe abari abasirikare, yanasezereye abari abasirikare ibihumbi 8376 kuva mu 2009 kugeza mu 2015, inasezerera ababarirwa mu bihumbi 4,376 bavuye mu mitwe yitwaje intwaro.

Kwegera abaturage

Umuganda

Ingabo z’u Rwanda zigaragara mu bikorwa bitandukanye zifatanyamo n’abasivili mu muganda hirya no hino mu gihugu.

Nko m’ Ugushyingo 2015, Ingabo z’u Rwanda zifatanyije n’abaturage bo mu turere twa Kicukiro, Bugesera na Rwamagana mu muganda w’ukwezi muri gahunda y’iminsi 16 y’ubukangurambaga bwo kurwanya ihohotera rishingiye ku gitsina.

Umuganda wo ku wa 28 Ugushyingo 2015 wibanze ku gukuraho ibihuru no guha abaturage ubutumwa bwo kurwanya ihohotera rishingiye ku gitsina kandi wongera ubufatanye bw’abaturage n’inzego z’umutekano mu kwicungira umutekano.

Ingabo z’u Rwanda zinakora imiganda yihariye ahariho hose bigaragara ko zikenewe mu gihugu aho abayobozi n’abakozi b’uturere bifatanya na zo, zikifatanya na Polisi y’u Rwanda n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa ndetse n’abaturage, hagamijwe guteza imbere umutekano n’isuku.

Nko mu Murenge wa Kigabiro mu Karere ka Rwamagana, Ingabo z’u Rwanda n’abaturage bateye ibiti, bubaka ikibuga cy’umupira w’intoki (volleyball) banaha imipira ya volley Ikigo cy’amashuri y’uburezi bw’ibanze bw’imyaka 12 cya Rwamagana.

Nyuma y’uwo muganda, abaturage bigishijwe ku ihohoterwa rikorerwa abagore n’abakobwa no ku kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge.

Iminsi 16 y’ubukangurambaga bwo kurwanya ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina yatangiye ku wa 25 Ugushyingo irangira ku wa 10 Ukuboza 2015 mu nsanganyamatsiko igira iti “Kurwanya ihohotera rikorerwa abagore n’abakobwa birandeba nawe bikakureba.”

Kubungabunga amahoro

Loni yabonyemo Ingabo z’u Rwanda ubushobozi mu kubungabunga amahoro ku buryo zagiye zizerwa mu butumwa bw’amahoro, bituma kuri ubu u Rwanda ruri mu bihugu bitanu ku isi bifite abasirikare benshi mu butumwa bw’amahoro.

Kugeza ubu, rufite abasirikare ibihumbi bitandatu babungabunga amahoro hirya no hino ku isi, harimo ababarirwa mu 1,650 bari mu Sudani y’Amajyepfo.

Kubera ubupfura n’ubunararibonye, Ingabo z’u Rwanda zagiye zitambamira ubwicanyi bukorerwa abasivili aho ziri mu butumwa bw’amahoro, zinahindura uko abenshi bafatanga ingabo za Loni zibungabunga amahoro kuko zafatwanga nka “ ba mukerarugendo bitwaje intwaro” cyangwa “armed tourists”.

Mu butumwa bw’amahoro mu Centrafrique, Ingabo z’u Rwanda zubatse ibitaro byo ku rwego rwa kabiri bya Loni, ibitaro bifasha ibihumbi by’abaturage kuva muri 2015 muri icyo gihugu cyazahajwe n’intambara.

Ingabo z’u Rwanda zibungabunga amahoro muri UNAMID muri Sudan mu Majyaruguru ya Darfur, kandi zubakiye uruzitiro Ikigo cy’Amashuri Abanza “Salaam Girls Primary School” gifite abanyeshuri 463.

Iki kigo cyo mu gace kitwa Umkadada kiri ku birometero 185 mu Burasirazuba bwa Elfasher, Umurwa Mukuru w’Intara ya Darfour.

Kubera ubunararibonye n’ubupfura, Ingabo z’u Rwanda ziri mu butumwa bw’amahoro muri Centrafrique, ni zo zagiriwe icyizere cyo kurinda Perezida w’icyo gihugu.

Ubwo Papa Francis II yasuraga Repubulika ya Centrafrique, umwaka ushize wa 2015 na bwo yarinzwe n’Ingabo z’u Rwanda.