Mont Kigali

Nk’uko bisobanurwa mu makuru abitse mu Ngoro Ndangamurage y’urugamba rwo kwibohora, n’ubukangurambaga bwo guhagarika Jenoside yakorerwaga Abatutsi, Ingabo za RPA zari ziyobowe na Paul Kagame zagabye igitero ku Musozi wa Kigali (Mont Kigali), ziturutse mu bice bitandukanye guhera saa kumi n’ebyiri za mu gitondo (06:00) ku itariki 04 Nyakanga 1994, zibasha gutsimbura ibirindiro bikomeye bya FAR ahagana saa yine za mu gitondo (10:00) kuri uwo munsi.

Umujyi wa Kigali wabohowe nyuma y’amezi atatu, hanyuma Paul Kagame wari uziyoboye icyo gihe afite ipeti rya Maj Gen, ategeka ko Ingabo ze zari zigizwe n’abasirikare 600 bari bakambitse ahahoze CND ari yo nama y’Igihugu y’Iterambere (ku nyubako y’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y’ubu), ziva mu birindiro byazo n’abandi basirikare bose ba RPA ubundi bakotsa igitutu umwanzi, bakoresheje ingerero eshatu z’ingenzi.

Igihe Ingabo za RPA zakomezaga gusatira umurwa mukuru ziturutse mu birindiro byo mu majyaruguru y’Igihugu, zafashe ibyerekezo bitatu, icy’ingenzi kiba cyari icyo hagati (guhera i Byumba uza i Kigali).

Icyo gihe Paul Kagame yari yamaze kubona ko Kigali yari yo ndiri nyamakuru y’ingabo zakoze Jenoside (FAR), ari nabyo bisobanura impamvu yashyize abarwanyi benshi n’ubushobozi bwinshi kuri urwo rugerero.

Usibye abasirikare 600 ba RPA bari basanzwe bari muri Kigali muri gahunda yo gushyira mu bikorwa amasezerano y’amahoro yaje gutambamirwa na Jenoside, izindi ngabo zari zigizwe na batayo eshanu zishyize hamwe (Combined Mobile Forces - CMF), nazo zari zatangiye gusatira umurwa mukuru ubwo RPA yatangizaga ubukangurambaga bwo kwamagana Jenoside.

Izo batayo zari ziyobowe na Sam ‘Kaka’ Kanyemera (Alpha), Dodo Twahirwa (Bravo), Charles Ngoga (59), Charles Musitu (21) na Charles Muhire (101).

Izindi ngerero ebyiri zunganira zari zirimo urwo mu burasirazuba bw’amajyepfo (Nyagatare-Gatsibo-Kayonza, aho Ingabo ziciyemo ibice bibiri, harimo izari ziyobowe na Wilson Bagire (7 CMF), ari nazo zerekeje i Kigali zinyuze i Rwamagana, hakaba n’izari ziyobowe na Fred Ibingira (157 CMF), zagendaga zitsimbura umwanzi mu burengerazuba bw’amajyepfo zinyuze Kibungo-Rusomo-Nemba-Gako-Rwabusoro-Gitarama-Nyanza-Butare.

Urugerero rwa gatatu rw’ingenzi rwagabye igitero ruturutse mu burengerazuba bw’Amajyaruguru, aho abasirikare ba Charlie Mobile Force, bari bayobowe na Thadée Gashumba, bakomeje berekeza mu Ruhengeri na Gisenyi.

Abasirikare bose ba RPA bari bashyize imbaraga nyinshi mu rugamba rwo gutsimbura no gutsinda ingabo zakoze Jenoside, no kurokora abahigwaga muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, intego nyamukuru ikaba yari iyo guhagarika Jenoside, gukuraho guverinoma yakoze Jenoside, no kugarura amahoro mu gihugu hose.

Umusozi wa Kigali (Mont Kigali), umwe mu misozi itatu y’ingenzi yitegeye Umujyi wa Kigali, ni wo wari ibirindiro by’ingenzi kandi bya nyuma by’ingabo zatsinzwe (FAR).

By’umwihariko, mu gihe imirwano yo ku Musozi wa Kigali yamaze hafi amasaha atanu, Ingabo za RPA zari zamaze guca intege ibyo birindiro, nyuma y’ifatwa ry’ibindi birindiro byinshi by’ingenzi bya gisirikare haba imbere mu mujyi no mu nkengero zawo.

Nk’uko bigaragazwa n’amateka y’urugamba rwo kwibohora, intsinzi za RPA mu gutsimbura umwanzi mu birindiro bitanu bitandukanye, zagize uruhare rukomeye mu ifatwa ry’Umusozi wa Kigali no kubohorwa k’umurwa mukuru wa Kigali ku itariki 4 Nyakanga 1994.

Umusozi wa Rebero – 12 Mata

Ifatwa ry’Umusozi wa Rebero bikozwe n’abasirikare ba Batayo ya 3 (ba bandi 600) no kunanirwa kwisubiza ibirindiro ku ngabo zatsinzwe, ni ko gukubitwa nyamukuru kwa mbere kwari kubaye ku ngabo za FAR zari zakwirakwijwe mu mujyi, harimo n’izari ku Musozi wa Kigali.

Mu birebana n’imigendekere y’urugamba rwa gisirikare (military warfare), Umusozi wa Rebero wari ingenzi cyane kuko wari witegeye umurwa mukuru kandi ukaba wari n’ibirindiro by’ingabo zikomeye zirwanira ku butaka.

Ikigo cya gisirikare cya Kanombe n’Ikibuga cy’Ingege Mpuzamahanga cya Kigali 22-23 Gicurasi

Ingabo za RPA zafashe ikigo cya gisirikare cya Kanombe n’Ikibuga cy’Ingege Mpuzamahanga cya Kigali mu ijoro ryo ku wa 22 rishyira ku wa 23 Gicurasi. Kanombe ni yo yari ububiko bw’ingenzi bw’ibikoresho bya FAR n’icumbi ry’abaparakomando (special forces), bityo gufatwa kwa Kanombe byari bivuze gufungira inzira ibikoresho byose byakenerwaga n’abasirikare ba FAR, bari mu bindi birindiro harimo n’Umusozi wa Kigali.

Umusozi wa Jali – 20 Kamena

Ku butumburuke bwa metero 2071, Umusozi wa Jali ni wo usumba indi muri Kigali, ukaba ureba mu gihorihori cy’uburengerazuba bw’amajyepfo y’umurwa mukuru. Gufatwa kwawo ku itariki 20 Kamena, kimwe n’ifatwa ry’Umusozi wa Shyorongi byegeranye hafi icya rimwe, byashegeshe cyane ibirindiro bya FAR bitandukanye harimo n’Umusozi wa Kigali.

Gitarama – July 13

Ibohorwa rya Gitarama ku itariki 13 Nyakanga 1994 ryatumye Umusozi wa Kigali usigara usa n’uri mu kato, ugoswe kandi waciwe intege mu byerekezo byose. Abasirikare ba RPA binjiye muri Gitarama birengagiza ku bushake Umusozi wa Kigali ubundi baca ruhinga bajya inyuma y’ibirindiro by’umwanzi. Babanje gufata Runda ubundi bakurikizaho Gitarama (aho guverinoma yiyise iy’abatazi yari yimukiye), mbere yo gutera Umusozi wa Kigali bawuhereye inyuma.

Gitarama yabohowe n’abasirikare bo mu bice bitandukanye (units) bari baturutse muri batayo za RPA zishyize hamwe, harimo batayo ya 157 yari iyobowe na Ibingira, iya 101 ya Muhire n’iya 59 yari irangajwe imbere na Ngonga.

Gufatwa no guca intege ibirindiro bya FAR muri Kigali

Igihe Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yatangiraga gushyirwa mu bikorwa ku itariki 7 Mata 1994, nyuma y’uko intagondwa z’Abahutu zari ziri mu buyobozi bwa Habyarimana zihanuye indege ye, zikamwicira hamwe na mugenzi we w’u Burundi, bikaba urwitwazo rwo kurimbura Abatutsi, Kigali icyo gihe yari irinzwe bikomeye.

Usibye ibirindiro bya FAR bya Kanombe, Umusozi wa Rebero, Umusozi wa Jali n’Uwa Kigali, umujyi wari wuzuyemo ibindi birindiro bya FAR kandi byari bifite intwaro nyinshi. Harimo ikigo cya gisirikare cya Kami (Military police), icya Kimihurura (Camp GP) ahari abasirikare barinda umukuru w’igihugu, ikigo cya gisirikare cya Camp Kigali na Camp Kacyiru (Gendarmerie), kimwe n’ibindi bikorwa bya gisirikare byari mu bice byitaruye umujyi; by’umwihariko muri Gikomero, Bumbogo na Kabuye.

Nk’uko bisobanurwa n’impuguke mu bya gisirikare, mu kwirinda kugaba ibitero ku birindiro bimwe na bimwe by’umwanzi, bwari uburyo Ingabo za RPA zakoresheje ngo zibanze zibashyire mu kato.

Umuyobozi w’Ingoro y’Ubukangurambaga bwo kurwanya Jenoside, Médard Bashana, atanga urugero agira ati: “RPA ntabwo yagabye igitero kuri Camp GP ako kanya, ahubwo yabahejeje mu kigo kugeza ubwo bo ubwabo bashaka aho banyura barahunga. Ibi bikaba kimwe mu byagaragaje ubutwari ntagereranywa bw’ingabo za RPA mu rugamba rwo kwibohora”.

Ikigo cya Kami n’icya Kacyiru, nabyo byatawe n’abasirikare ba FAR nta mirwano ibaye ku itariki 21 Mata. Ikigo cya gisirikare cya Kigali (Camp Kigali), cyari cyamaze gucika intege cyane nyuma y’ifatwa rya Rebero, nacyo cyatsimbuwe nyuma y’amasaha atari menshi Umusozi wa Kigali umaze gufatwa.

Mont Kigali

Ni byo Bashana asobanura agira ati “Ifatwa ry’Umusozi wa Kigali ryabaye nk’umusumari wa nyuma ushimangiwe mu isanduku y’uburuhukiro bw’ingabo za FAR. Kandi imirwano yo ku Musozi wa Kigali ntiyatinze kubera ko ari ho abasirikare bose ba RPA bari bashyize imbaraga nk’ibirindiro bya nyuma byari bisigaye birinze umurwa.”

Maj Gen (wacyuye igihe) Sam Kaka, ni we wari uyoboye ibikorwa byose by’Ingabo za RPA muri Kigali ubwo umurwa mukuru wafatwaga.

Maj Gen Paul Kagame (Perezida), wari ukambitse i Musha, (hafi y’inkengero za Kigali) ubwo umurwa mukuru wafatwaga ku itariki 4 Nyakanga 1994, yagaragaye kuri uwo munsi arangaje imbere Ingabo za RPA zari zimaze kubohora u Rwanda mu rugendo rw’intsinzi rwanyuze rwagati mu mujyi wa Kigali, muri ako kanya kafashwe mu mafoto menshi harimo imwe yabaye ikimenyetso nyamukuru cy’umunsi wo kwibohora, ikaba inagaragara mu Ngoro y’Urugamba rwo Kwibohora.

Ifatwa rya Kigali ryaranze kubohorwa kw’Igihugu cyose no guhagarika Jenoside yakorerwaga Abatutsi, n’ubwo hari ibice bimwe nko mu Burengerazuba bw’amajyaruguru, Uburengerazuba n’Amajyepfo y’uburengerazuba (harimo uturere twa Zone Turquoise), byaje gufatwa nyuma.

Gutsindwa k’ubutegetsi bwakoze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi igahitana abarenga miliyoni, byatumye abitwaga abayobozi, interahamwe n’ingabo zatsinzwe bahungira muri Repubulika ya Demukarasi ya Congo (yari Zaire icyo gihe).

MENYA UMWANDITSI

Gasana Marcellin

Umunyamakuru

@ Gasana_M

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